Self-assembling dyes

A novel dye according to formula (I): capable of self-assembling thus forming supra-molecular structures. These self-assembling dyes may be advantageously used in an ink-jet ink for improving the stability of ink-jet ink images to light fading

Ink composition containing a particular type of dye, and corresponding ink jet printing process

An ink composition is disclosed which contains a novel type of dye (DYE)n(SAU)m that is capable of self-assembling under appropriate conditions, or is capable of assembling with another analogous dye (DYE')n'(SAU')m', or is capable of assembling with a compound (SAU'')p(X)q, thus forming supramolecular structures. Also disclosed is an ink jet printing process using these novel dyes, and an ink jet printing apparatus provided with an ink cartridge containing such a dye

Synthesis of 1-α-hydroxycholecalciferol

The scarcity of 1-α-hydroxylated vitamin D derivatives had les us to look for synthetic routes amenable to large scale operation. We wish to report a novel and efficient partial synthesis of 1-α-hydroxy vitamin D3 (1), involving the temporary modification of the vitamin triene system so as to allow specific reactions at C-1. This can be achieved efficiently by protecting the 6,8-diene-system of the corresponding previtamin (3) via a Diels-Alder reaction. Diels-Alder reaction of previtamin D3 (3; R'=H) or a protcted derivative with 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione as the dienophile leads to the adduct 4 in quantitative yield. Te full structure of 4 was proven by X-ray. Adduct 4 further enables the completely regio- and stereoselective introduction of the 1-α-hydroxy group (5). Recovery of the original triene from the hydroxylated adduct 5 finally leads to the easily purified 1-α-hydroxy-vitamin D3 (m.p. 13°C; overall yield from 4 is 32%). Similar approaches using other dienophiles will also be discussed

Does nivolumab for progressed metastatic lung cancer fulfill its promises? : an efficacy and safety analysis in 20 general hospitals

Objectives: In patients with refractory or recurrent non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after first line chemotherapy, phase III trials showed superiority of nivolumab, an IgG4 programmed death-1 immune-checkpoint inhibitor antibody, over docetaxel. We evaluated case mix, effectiveness and safety of nivolumab upon implementation in general practice. Materials and methods: In 20 general hospitals, all consecutive NSCLC patients treated with nivolumab within the medical need program (inclusion period 12 months) in Flanders - Belgium were evaluated. Results: There were 267 patients, Eastem Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score was 2 in 24% and 0-1 in 76%. In 48%, two or more systemic regimens were given before nivolumab. The median overall survival was 7.8 months (95% confidence interval (CI) 6.3-9.3). At one year, the overall survival rate was 36.5 +/- 0.34%. Median progression-free survival was 3.7 months (95% CI 2.9-4.5). An objective response was obtained in 23.2%. ECOG score 2 and presence of liver metastasis strongly correlated with worse survival (p < 0.00001). Treatment related adverse events grade 3 or 4 were reported in 21%, colitis (4%) and pneumonitis (7%) were most frequent. Conclusion: Upon implementation of nivolumab therapy in general hospitals, the case mix was characterized by a more heavily pretreated population with a substantial fraction of patients with ECOG score 2. The median overall survival is slightly inferior to what was published in the randomized phase III trials. An ECOG score 2 and the presence of liver metastasis correlated strongly with a worse survival. We report a high prevalence of serious adverse events