Hands-on labs demonstrating HTML5 security Concerns

The research is focused on the new features added in HTML5 standard that have strong implications towards the overall information security of a system that uses this implementation.A Hands-on Lab is developed to demonstrate how Web Storage and the Geo-location API of HTML5 can affect the privacy of the user

Gestational diabetes and fetal outcome: a study in a tertiary care centre

Background: Due to urbanization and sedentary lifestyle, dietary changes, and increased obesity of the people, the incidence of GDM is steadily on the rise. It is associated with severe morbidity to the mother and the child. It is therefore imperative that an early diagnosis needs to be done so that appropriate treatment can be given.Methods: 1654 women who were included in the study were in their 24 – 28 weeks of gestation. A standardized questionnaire was formatted and details regarding the age, weight, body mass index (BMI), parity, previous medical and obstetrics history and familial history of diabetes, tests for glucose levels, complete blood picture, routine urine examination. Oral glucose tolerance test was done for all the patients after fasting overnight.Results: 87 (5.3%) of them were positive for OGTT and were considered to have Gestational Diabetes mellitus. 67.8% of the patients were in the 25-30 age group. 41.4% were pregnant for the first time and 58.6% were multi gravid. The majority of the patients had a BMI between 26-30. Most of the babies had a birth weight of above 3kgs. Out of them, 39 (44.8%) had a birth weight between 3.1-3.5kgs. <2kgs were seen in 7 (8.0%) patients.Conclusions: GDM complicates pregnancy and results in higher frequency of adverse effects in the mother and new born. Thereby, early detection can result in prompt treatment and lowering the morbidity of the fetal outcomes

The incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in antenatal women by screening: a study in a semi urban area in Telangana, India

Background: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia is a premalignant cervical disease which may lead to cervical cancer. The screening of the cervical cancer includes the screening of cervical cytology as well as testing for oncogenic human papilloma viruses (HPV) since most of the precursor lesions appear in the women of child bearing age. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in antenatal women by screening with papanicolaou smear.Methods: Macroscopic abnormalities such as cervicitis, polyps, erosions, nabothian cysts, hypertrophied cervix, growths and ulcers were noted. A cervical smear using Ayre’s spatula was taken from the ecto cervix and spread on to a labeled slide and immediately fixed.Results: Majority of the women were in the age group of 20-30 years in the study group. The overall mean age of the women in the study was around 25 years. The mean age at the time of menarche was around 14 years and at the time of marriage was approximately 22 years. On Pap smear, 55.2% of the 1000 cases were normal, with inflammation seen in 408 (40.8%) of the cases. 20 (2%) of the patients in our study had low grade squamous intra epithelial lesion, while 7 patients (0.2%) had high grade squamous intra epithelial lesion with two cases showing CIN II grading and 5 with CIN I.Conclusions: An early detection of the same can lead to a proper and efficient treatment

Depiction of Women in the Selected Works of R. K. Narayan- An Analysis

R. K. Narayan, one of the greatest Indian writers and a major contributor to English fiction, has presented the lives of women around and depicted women characters with varied facets in his fiction. Most of his works reflect the predicament of women and the social reality in which they try to assimilate themselves at times. He is a writer who could portray women depicting their psychological urges. Narayan’s works depict the role of women in family and society and show a gradual transformation in these women characters and evolve them to their best at the societal spectrum. He portrayed his women characters with all shades creating a signature effect with regard to characterization of women in society.This paper examines the various female characters – modern as well as traditional and the differences in their thought patterns, habits, ambitions, beliefs, conduct, aspirations and their way of looking at life. My research focuses on few observations on the portrayal and depiction of women in the selected works of R. K. Narayan with a view of exploring the female characters and different aspects of human nature and human life. This paper also proves the fact that apart from providing aesthetic pleasure, these selected literary texts depict the various facades of women in our everyday lives. It also portrays a paradigm shift that the female characters experience by rendering a message to the world around. This paper gives few insights into life and the predicaments which as human beings we falter on. This paper also suggests and recommends the readers to explore such texts and characters to develop an aesthetic ability and a sense of appreciation for the works of R. K. Narayan

Defective concanavalin A-induced suppression in Bancroftian filariasis

A concanavalin-A-induced suppressor cell assay was carried out in 10 patients with chronic filarial disease, 13 asymptomatic microfilaria carriers and 7 healthy subjects. Both the chronic filarial patients and the asymptomatic microfilaria carriers showed statistically significant reduced suppression indices when compared with the control subjects. The reduction in suppression indices was greater in the microfilaria carriers than in the chronic filarial patients

Risk factors of ectopic pregnancy: a study in a tertiary care centre

Background: Over the years, there has been a considerable rise in the incidence of ectopic pregnancy. This study was undertaken to identify the risk factors that contribute to this condition, so that immediate action can be taken so as to save the mother.Methods: 62 women, in their first trimester of pregnancy who were diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy were included in the study. Demographic details, clinical and obstetric details were taken from all the patients. Ultrasound was performed to confirm the ectopic pregnancy.Results: Out of the 62 patients, most of them with ectopic pregnancy were found to be in the 26-30 (40.3%) year’s age group. Smoking, whether active or passive was observed in nearly 42% of the cases. The mean gravid status among the women was 3, with 34 live births. 21 of them had induced abortions and 4 were spontaneous. PID was observed in 12 patients (19.4%), 17.7% were IUD users.Conclusions: Risk factors such as previous ectopic pregnancy, use of contraceptives, infertility, PID, abortion as well as increased maternal age aid in the early detection of ectopic pregnancy in women resulting in proper and timely treatment

Incidence and outcome of anemia in pregnant women: a study in a tertiary care centre

Background: Anemia is one of the most common nutritional deficiency diseases observed globally affecting both developed and developing countries with major consequences for human health as well as social and economic development. Prevention and management of maternal anemia is crucial to prevent morbidity and mortality of the fetus.Methods: The patient history was taken in detail, including age weight and height. BMI was calculated for all the 296 patients who were booked for delivery in our hospital. On enrolment, blood was drawn from the patient for regular check including blood grouping, biochemical parameters including iron estimation, total iron binding capacity, complete blood picture including hemoglobin. Any cause for bleeding was evaluated.Results: 143 patients (48.3%) had a haemoglobin count of less than 10gm%. Most of the anemic patients had moderate anemia followed by women with mild anemia. The most common age group affected was 20-30 years, which was the predominant age group of pregnant patients who had come to our hospital. Most of the women had multi gravida, with 3 being the most common followed by 1 earlier pregnancy. In most of the cases, the interval between 2 consecutive pregnancies was 1 year or less.Conclusions: Anemia is directly proportional to parity, less spacing between pregnancies and related to lower educational status

Resveratrol suppresses IGF-1 induced human colon cancer cell proliferation and elevates apoptosis via suppression of IGF-1R/Wnt and activation of p53 signaling pathways

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Obesity is a global phenomenon and is associated with various types of cancer, including colon cancer. There is a growing interest for safe and effective bioactive compounds that suppress the risk for obesity-promoted colon cancer. Resveratrol (trans-3, 4', 5,-trihydroxystilbene), a stilbenoid found in the skin of red grapes and peanuts suppresses many types of cancers by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis through a variety of mechanisms, however, resveratrol effects on obesity-promoted colon cancer are not clearly established.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We investigated the anti-proliferative effects of resveratrol on HT-29 and SW480 human colon cancer cells in the presence and absence of insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1; elevated during obesity) and elucidated the mechanisms of action using IGF-1R siRNA in HT-29 cells which represents advanced colon carcinogenesis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Resveratrol (100-150 μM) exhibited anti-proliferative properties in HT-29 cells even after IGF-1 exposure by arresting G₀/G₁-S phase cell cycle progression through p27 stimulation and cyclin D1 suppression. Treatment with resveratrol suppressed IGF-1R protein levels and concurrently attenuated the downstream Akt/Wnt signaling pathways that play a critical role in cell proliferation. Targeted suppression of IGF-1R using IGF-1R siRNA also affected these signaling pathways in a similar manner. Resveratrol treatment induced apoptosis by activating tumor suppressor p53 protein, whereas IGF-1R siRNA treatment did not affect apoptosis. Our data suggests that resveratrol not only suppresses cell proliferation by inhibiting IGF-1R and its downstream signaling pathways similar to that of IGF-1R siRNA but also enhances apoptosis via activation of the p53 pathway.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>For the first time, we report that resveratrol suppresses colon cancer cell proliferation and elevates apoptosis even in the presence of IGF-1 via suppression of IGF-1R/Akt/Wnt signaling pathways and activation of p53, suggesting its potential role as a chemotherapeutic agent.</p

Pelvic inflammatory disease and the risk factors

Background: Pelvic inflammatory disease is one of the most common gynecological disorders of women. It is a clinical condition where in the endometrial, fallopian tubes and the adjacent pelvic structures are infected due to the ascending infection from the lower genital tract such as vagina and cervix through the uterine cavity leading to severe morbidity.Methods: 150 non-pregnant women who came in with clinical symptoms suggestive of Pelvic inflammatory disease and diagnosed as acute pelvic infection or PID were included in the study. Demographic details such as age, weight, height, parity, socio-economic status, education levels etc were noted.Results: 54% of them belonged to 26-30 years age group, followed by 19.3% of women between 20-25 years. 35.3% of the patients were illiterate followed by primary school education in 29.3%. 74% of the patients belonged to the lower class while 24.7% were from the middle class. Condoms were the most common contraceptive method used in 32% of the cases, while 27.3% of the patients used intrauterine devices.Conclusions: Proper education must be given regarding the hazards of early marriages lack of hygiene, and to abstain from multiple partners, to the women especially those from the lower socioeconomic strata

Biophysical profile and modified biophysical profile in predicting the fetal outcome

Background: Baby’s well-being in utero is often done by using a cardiotocograph (CTG) machine, which assesses the baby’s heart beat pattern as well as the mother’s uterine contractions. However, lowered fetal movements sometimes may be fatal for the baby. Thus, the biophysical and the modified biophysical profile have been introduced.Methods: 242 patients with over 34 weeks of gestation and with one or more risk factors were included in the study. After taking the demographic details, the patients were subjected to detailed physical and clinical evaluation. Modified BPP was done on all the patients. Index of acute fetal hypoxia the NST was done along with the cardiotocograph (CTG). Amniotic fluid volume was calculated.Results: According to the fetal non-stress test, majority of the patients (70.7%) were reactive while 29.3% were non-reactive. Most of the patients had an amniotic fluid index in the normal range i.e. between 8 -<25, 18.6%) had an AFI value of <6 cm while 13.6% had between 6 - <8. Among the babies with reactive NST, non-reactive NST and AFI ≤5, the most common outcome was low birth weight.  APGAR score <7 was observed in 11.1%, 13.1%, 20% among Reactive NST, Non-reactive NST and AFI ≤5 respectively.Conclusions: Present study shows that BPP and MBPP are both comparable to each other, therefore, MBPP, being an easier test can be substituted for BPP