A pilot study on the Vietnamese labour market and its social and economic context

"This paper presents a regional case study of the labour market and its surrounding of Vinh City in central Vietnam, based on surveys conducted in 1999 and 2005. By including the time dimension and surveying samples with over 6000 individuals respectively it is possible to identify precisely the changes that have taken place within six years. The results reflect an enormous development process. Incomes increased fast and many structural parameters of the economy adapted to the new institutional setting of a market economy. The absolute level of income and of the standard of living is still low, however. A key finding of the analyses is that vocational training is meeting with large demand in private enterprises and is therefore of considerable importance for Vietnam's development process. Another important finding is that educational investments pay more in private enterprises." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))Arbeitsmarktentwicklung, ökonomische Faktoren, soziale Faktoren, Einkommensentwicklung, Wirtschaftsstrukturwandel, Marktwirtschaft, Berufsausbildung, Bildungsinvestitionen, Bildungsertrag, Lebensstandard, regionaler Arbeitsmarkt, Stadt, Arbeitslosenquote, strukturelle Arbeitslosigkeit, Arbeitsmarktpolitik, Arbeitslosenversicherung, Armut, Privatwirtschaft, Vietnam

Model-based classification of regional labour markets : for purposes of labour market policy

"In many countries fairly large and persistent regional disparities can be observed for a variety of economic indicators. Since these disparities can not be reduced to one single dimension, a classification system is needed to give a parsimonious overview. The article presents a system which is designed to assess labour market policy in Germany. The innovation in this article is the development of a procedure that combines the analysis of determinants of regional disparities with standard classification approaches. The procedure is designed to solve two problems of many existing classification schemes: firstly, their purely descriptive nature and secondly, their interpretation with relation to arbitrarily chosen classification variables. The proposed method is used to identify 12 types which show the regional diversity of labour markets in Germany." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))Arbeitsmarktforschung, Wirkungsforschung, Arbeitsmarktpolitik, Ausbildungsabsolventen, Berufseinmündung, berufliche Integration, Arbeitslose, regionaler Arbeitsmarkt, regionaler Vergleich, regionale Disparität, Indikatorenbildung, Arbeitsmarktindikatoren, Klassifikation, Klassifikationsmethode, Clusteranalyse, Region - Typologie

A pilot study on the Vietnamese labour market and its social and economic context

This paper presents a regional case study of the labour market and its surrounding of Vinh City in central Vietnam, based on surveys conducted in 1999 and 2005. By including the time dimension and surveying samples with over 6000 individuals respectively it is possible to identify precisely the changes that have taken place within six years. The results reflect an enormous development process. Incomes increased fast and many structural parameters of the economy adapted to the new institutional setting of a market economy. The absolute level of income and of the standard of living is still low, however. A key finding of the analyses is that vocational training is meeting with large demand in private enterprises and is therefore of considerable importance for Vietnam's development process. Another important finding is that educational investments pay more in private enterprises

The Interaction between Culture and Economy in Vietnam

Historically, the Vietnamese state developed in an area along the Red River and within its delta. The need to protect the inhabitants of this land from dangerous floods gave rise to a "hydraulic society", which was accompanied by a specific culture. One of the features of this culture is an emphasis on formal education, which was "inherited" from a past in which the passing of an examination was a precondition for acquiring a high position in the state. Today, the Vietnamese culture is a supporting factor in the current development process in Vietnam. Rigorous reform steps carried out since 1986 have transformed the Vietnamese socialist economy, which mainly followed the Soviet blueprint, into a market driven economy which is governed by strong private incentives. The culture predominant in this country on the one hand supports the functioning of the new capitalist system, and on the other hand compensates for many of its weaknesses. As a consequence a development process has been generated which has led to high rates of economic growth. However, it is not without systemic risks

A pilot study on the Vietnamese labour market and its social and economic context

"This paper presents a regional case study of the labour market and its surrounding of Vinh City in central Vietnam, based on surveys conducted in 1999 and 2005. By including the time dimension and surveying samples with over 6000 individuals respectively it is possible to identify precisely the changes that have taken place within six years. The results reflect an enormous development process. Incomes increased fast and many structural parameters of the economy adapted to the new institutional setting of a market economy. The absolute level of income and of the standard of living is still low, however. A key finding of the analyses is that vocational training is meeting with large demand in private enterprises and is therefore of considerable importance for Vietnam's development process. Another important finding is that educational investments pay more in private enterprises." (author's abstract)Der Beitrag präsentiert eine regionale Fallstudie des Arbeitsmarkts der vietnamesischen Stadt Vinh. Mittels zweier Studien aus den Jahren 1999 und 2005, die mehr als 6000 Individuen einbeziehen, wird der Wandel, der sich in diesen sechs Jahren vollzogen hat, nachgezeichnet. Die Ergebnisse belegen einen enormen Entwicklungsprozess. Die Einkommen stiegen schnell und zahlreiche strukturelle Parameter haben sich an die neuen marktwirtschaftlichen Bedingungen angepasst. Dennoch sind das absolute Einkommensniveau und der Lebensstandard nach wie vor niedrig. Ein wichtiges Ergebnis der Untersuchung ist die zentrale Bedeutung der Berufsausbildung für den vietnamesischen Entwicklungsprozess, da die Berufsausbildung dem großen Bedarf in der Privatwirtschaft entgegenkommt. Ein weiteres Ergebnis ist, dass sich Bildungsinvestitionen in Unternehmen der Privatwirtschaft stärker auszahlen. (IAB

Classification of regional labour markets for purposes of research and of labour market policy

In many countries labour market policy has to deal with fairly large and persistent regional labour market disparities. In the case of Germany, parts of the country are affected by a deep unemployment crisis whereas others show nearly full employment. Since these disparities cannot be reduced to only one dimension a classification system of labour markets was developed. The criterion of this system was the identification of the "regional disadvantage” for the success of labour market policy. To optimise the results a new two-step classification method was applied. The first step included re-gression analyses to identify the exogenous determinants of the success of labour market policy. In the second step, different types of labour markets are determined from a specific variant of cluster analysis which used the weighted variables identified as significant in the first step. This classification has been used in the Federal Employment Agency for many applications of labour market policy, e.g. in the decentralised management. Besides that, the new classification obtained has also been employed in research, for example in the evaluation of labour market policy

Model-based classification of regional labour markets: for purposes of labour market policy

In many countries fairly large and persistent regional disparities can be observed for a variety of economic indicators. Since these disparities can not be reduced to one single dimension, a classification system is needed to give a parsimonious overview. The article presents a system which is designed to assess labour market policy in Germany. The innovation in this article is the development of a procedure that combines the analysis of determinants of regional disparities with standard classification approaches. The procedure is designed to solve two problems of many existing classification schemes: firstly, their purely descriptive nature and secondly, their interpretation with relation to arbitrarily chosen classification variables. The proposed method is used to identify 12 types which show the regional diversity of labour markets in Germany

Model-based classification of regional labour markets: for purposes of labour market policy

"In many countries fairly large and persistent regional disparities can be observed for a variety of economic indicators. Since these disparities can not be reduced to one single dimension, a classification system is needed to give a parsimonious overview. The article presents a system which is designed to assess labour market policy in Germany. The innovation in this article is the development of a procedure that combines the analysis of determinants of regional disparities with standard classification approaches. The procedure is designed to solve two problems of many existing classification schemes: firstly, their purely descriptive nature and secondly, their interpretation with relation to arbitrarily chosen classification variables. The proposed method is used to identify 12 types which show the regional diversity of labour markets in Germany." (author's abstract)In vielen Ländern können große und anhaltende regionale Unterschiede bezüglich zahlreicher ökonomischer Indikatoren festgestellt werden. Da diese Unterschiede nicht auf eine einzige Dimension reduziert werden können, ist ein Klassifikationssystem notwendig, um einen knappen Überblick zu erhalten. Der Artikel stellt ein solches Klassifikationssystem vor, das zur Wirkungsforschung im Rahmen der Arbeitsmarktpolitik in Deutschland entwickelt wurde. Neu ist die Kombination einer Analyse regionaler Determinanten mit einem standardisierten Klassifikationsansatz. Das Verfahren löst damit zwei Probleme vieler Klassifikationsschemata, zum einen ihre rein deskriptive Natur und zum anderen ihre Interpretation in Bezug auf willkürlich gewählte Klassifikations-Variablen. Mithilfe des vorgestellten Verfahrens werden zwölf Typen identifiziert, die die regionale Diversität der Arbeitsmärkte in Deutschland illustrieren. (IAB

20 years after the fall of the Berlin Wall: Regional unemployment in Eastern Germany

20 years after the fall of the Berlin Wall there is still a strong division between the economies and labour markets of eastern and western Germany. In the last few years, however, unemployment has been reduced especially in the East, even in times of economic crisis. Within eastern Germany a strong variation of labour market situations is visible, which has been relatively stable in time. A centre-periphery-structure can be understood by those approaches of regional economics which have the property of path dependency like the New Economic Geography. In the paper the development of unemployment is analysed in a spatial econometrics framework which uses a three-equations background (in the spirit of Elhorst). The results show convergence processes (beta- and sigma-convergence) which are not very strong. An industry structure with an emphasis on manufacturing helps to reduce unemployment. In the analysis spatial autocorrelation is revealed of being significant