2 research outputs found
Historia cl铆nica y niveles indetectables de troponina de alta sensibilidad en la evaluaci贸n del riesgo de pacientes con dolor tor谩cico agudo y primera determinaci贸n de troponina normal
Introducci贸n: Actualmente sigue siendo un reto la estratificaci贸n de los pacientes con dolor tor谩cico agudo de origen incierto y troponina (Tn) normal. En los 煤ltimos a帽os se han desarrollado varios algoritmos basados en las Tn cardiaca de alta sensibilidad (TnC-as), sin importar los datos cl铆nicos en la toma de decisiones.
Hip贸tesis: En los pacientes con dolor tor谩cico agudo de origen incierto y niveles normales de TnC-as en la primera determinaci贸n, se podr谩 elaborar un modelo predictivo basado en la combinaci贸n de los niveles de 茅sta junto con escalas cl铆nicas de riesgo, que permita una mejor estratificaci贸n del riesgo de estos pacientes.
Objetivo: Estudiar el valor pron贸stico de combinar los niveles de TnC-as en la primera determinaci贸n junto con las escalas cl铆nicas de riesgo en estos pacientes, mediante el an谩lisis del objetivo combinado derivado de: muerte, IAM o necesidad de revascularizaci贸n a 1 a帽o.
Material y m茅todos: Se analizaron de forma retrospectiva una muestra de pacientes consecutivos que acudieron a nuestro hospital por presentar un episodio de dolor tor谩cico agudo de origen incierto con primera determinaci贸n de TnC-as normal. Se recogieron todos los datos sociodemogr谩ficos y los antecedentes de la poblaci贸n a estudio, as铆 como las caracter铆sticas cl铆nicas de la presentaci贸n y el ingreso. Adem谩s, se realiz贸 un seguimiento de la evoluci贸n cl铆nica, recogi茅ndose los ECMA (muerte, IAM y revascularizaci贸n) hasta 1 a帽o tras el alta. Posteriormente se llev贸 a cabo el an谩lisis estad铆stico de los datos recogidos, prestando especial atenci贸n al an谩lisis de los predictores de ECMA, as铆 como al valor pron贸stico de la TnC-as en la primera determinaci贸n y de las escalas cl铆nicas de riesgo de forma aislada, y posteriormente de forma combinada.
Resultados: La poblaci贸n a estudio estuvo finalmente formada por 2254 pacientes. Un total de 91 (4%) pacientes presentaron el objetivo principal (muerte, IAM o revascularizaci贸n), mientras que 56 (2,5%) presentaron el objetivo secundario (muerte o IAM). Al llevar a cabo el an谩lisis de los modelos predictivos, se observ贸 que el valor pron贸stico de la combinaci贸n de la TnC-as junto con las escalas cl铆nicas de riesgo HEART (ABC 0,870) y Sanchis (0,876), fue el modelo predictivo que mejores resultados ofrec铆a, por encima de la TnC-as en la primera determinaci贸n de forma aislada, tanto de forma dicot贸mica (0,686) como continua (0,783), y de las escalas cl铆nicas de riesgo de forma aislada (GRACE 0,692; TIMI 0,794; HEART 0,843; Sanchis: 0,806).
Conclusiones: En la evaluaci贸n de los pacientes que acuden al servicio de urgencias con dolor tor谩cico agudo de origen incierto y primera determinaci贸n de TnC-as normal, la combinaci贸n de los niveles indetectables y la cuantificaci贸n de las concentraciones detectables de TnC-as en la primera determinaci贸n, junto con las escalas cl铆nicas de riesgo, ha demostrado presentar la mejor capacidad discriminativa en la estratificaci贸n de riesgo a 1a帽o.Introduction: Actually, risk stratification of patients with acute chest pain of uncertain origin and normal cardiac troponin (cTn) remains a challenge. In recent years, several management algorithms have been developed based on high-sensitivity cTn (hs-cTn), regardless of clinical data in decision-making.
Hypothesis: In patients with acute chest pain of uncertain origin and normal levels of hs-cTn in the first determination at the emergency department, a predictive model can be developed based on the combination of the hs-cTn levels together with clinical risk scores, which allows a better risk stratification of these patients.
Objective: To study the prognostic value of combining hs-cTn levels in the first determination together with clinical risk scores in these patients, by analyzing the combined objective derived from: death, AMI or need for revascularization at 1 year follow-up.
Material and methods: A sample of consecutive patients who consulted to our hospital due to an episode of acute chest pain of uncertain origin with a normal initial hs-cTn determination was retrospectively analysed. All sociodemographic and clinical history data of the study population were collected, as well as the clinical characteristics at presentation and hospital admission. In addition, major adverse cardiac events (MACE) - death, AMI and need for revascularization - up to 1 year after discharge were collected. Subsequently, the statistical analysis of the data was carried out, paying special attention to the analysis of the independent predictors of MACE, as well as the prognostic value of hs-cTn in the first determination and of the clinical risk scores individually, and subsequently when combined.
Results: The study population was finally made up of 2254 patients. A total of 91 (4%) patients presented the primary endpoint (death, AMI, or revascularization), while 56 (2.5%) presented the secondary endpoint (death or AMI). When carrying out the analysis of the predictive models, we observed that the prognostic value of the combination of hs-TnC together with the HEART (AUC 0.870) and Sanchis (0.876) clinical risk scores, was the best predictive model. Significantly better than the models of hs-cTn in the first determination (dichotomous (0.686) and continuous (0.783)), and clinical risk scores (GRACE 0.692; TIMI 0.794; HEART 0.843; Sanchis: 0.806) individually.
Conclusions: In the evaluation of patients presenting to the emergency department with acute chest pain of uncertain origin and first determination of normal hs-cTn, the combination of determining undetectable levels and the quantification of detectable concentrations of hs-cTn in the first determination, together with clinical risk scores, has been shown to have the best discriminative capacity in the risk stratification of these patients at 1 year
Prognostic value of geriatric conditions beyond age after acute coronary syndrome
The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic value of geriatric conditions beyond age after acute coronary syndrome. This was a prospective cohort design including 342 patients (from October 1, 2010, to February 1, 2012) hospitalized for acute coronary syndrome, older than 65 years, in whom 5 geriatric conditions were evaluated at discharge: frailty (Fried and Green scales), comorbidity (Charlson and simple comorbidity indexes), cognitive impairment (Pfeiffer test), physical disability (Barthel index), and instrumental disability (Lawton-Brody scale). The primary end point was all-cause mortality. The median follow-up for the entire population was 4.7 years (range, 3-2178 days). A total of 156 patients (46%) died. Among the geriatric conditions, frailty (Green score, per point; hazard ratio, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.02-1.20; P=.01) and comorbidity (Charlson index, per point; hazard ratio, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.0-1.40; P=.05) were the independent predictors. The introduction of age in a basic model using well-established prognostic clinical variables resulted in an increase in discrimination accuracy (C-statistic=.716-.744; P=.05), though the addition of frailty and comorbidity provided a nonsignificant further increase (C-statistic=.759; P=.36). Likewise, the addition of age to the clinical model led to a significant risk reclassification (continuous net reclassification improvement, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.21-0.67; and integrated discrimination improvement, 0.04; 95% CI, 0.01-0.09). However, the addition of frailty and comorbidity provided a further significant risk reclassification in comparison to the clinical model with age (continuous net reclassification improvement, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.16-0.65; and integrated discrimination improvement, 0.04; 95% CI, 0.01-0.10). In conclusion, frailty and comorbidity are mortality predictors that significantly reclassify risk beyond age after acute coronary syndrome