Clínica e cirurgia de equinos

O presente relatório pretende descrever as atividades desenvolvidas no âmbito do estágio curricular do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária da Universidade de Évora. Este relatório está separado em duas partes. Numa primeira parte apresenta-se a casuística acompanhada nos quatros meses de estágio nas diversas áreas da clínica geral de equinos, descrevendo-se alguns casos clínicos de forma mais específica. Na segunda parte é apresentada uma revisão bibliográfica sobre feridas contendo tecido de granulação, nas extremidades distais dos membros e o seu tratamento. Para terminar discutem-se três casos clínicos com diferente evolução do tecido de granulação. As feridas são das afeções mais comuns na clínica de equinos e, nesta espécie, umas das principais complicações é a formação excessiva de tecido de granulação. Desbridamento cirúrgico, corticosteroides, enxerto de pele e laser são alguns dos tratamentos a que se pode recorrer, embora algumas vezes nenhum deles seja eficaz; Equine clinic and surgery Abstract: The current report prentends to describe the activities developed in the ambit integrated internship of the master's degree in Veterinary Medicine of the University of Evora. This report is separated in two parts. In the first part it will be presented the casuistics followed in the four months of internship in the various areas of general equine practice, with some clinical cases being described more specifically. In the second part is presented a literature review about wounds with granulation tissue in the distal extremities of the limbs and their treatment. To finish, three clinical cases with diferent granulation tissue evolution are discussed. Wounds are the most common affections in the horse clinic, and in this specie, one of the main complications is the excessive formation of granulation tissue. Surgical debridement, corticosteroids, skin grafts and laser are some of the treatments that can be used, although sometimes none of them is effective

Stiffness parameters values for the material law (eq. (5)).

<p>Stiffness parameters values for the material law (eq. (5)).</p

Helix and sheet angle variation.

<p>(a) Transmural models of the helix angle for four of the global rule-based fibre models. (b) Transmural models of sheet angle .</p

Pressure and volume traces and global metric .

<p>(a) Pressure trace and resulting cavity volume trace for simulation with fibre Sn1R70 and transverse isotropy. (b) for the different fibre models, with transversely isotropic material law.</p

Predicted temporal variation of .

<p>(a) Average midventricular for global fibre models (with ) and the Karadag model. (b) Comparison of predicted for the simulation with the Karadag fibre model and transverse isotropy and measured in mouse<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0092792#pone.0092792-Zhong1" target="_blank">[31]</a>.</p

Material orthotropy vs transverse isotropy.

<p>Effect of introducing sheets by swicthing from transverse isotropy to orthotropy. (a) (b) and (c) for global fibre models (with ) and Karadag model.</p

Modelling ventricular geometry and tissue structure.

<p>(a) The ellipsoidal mesh seen in a transmural-longitudinal cut. (b) Basal slice of the mesh cut parallel to the short axis. (c) Midventricular slice from rat cine-MRI at beginning of contraction. (d)-(e) Helix, and sheet angle definition. (f) Image of transmural histological sample highlighting the sheets.</p

Mechanical mesh properties.

<p>Mechanical mesh properties before (pre-P) and after (post-P) passive expansion under pressure. Length unit is . See <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0092792#pone-0092792-g001" target="_blank">Figures 1(a)</a> –1(b) for reference to the ellipsoid parameters.</p

Global metrics and .

<p>(a) and (b) for the different fibre models, with transversely isotropic material law.</p

Predicted temporal variation of .

<p>(a) Average for global fibre models (with ) and the Karadag model.(b) Comparison of predicted for the simulation with the Karadag fibre model and transverse isotropy and measured in mouse <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0092792#pone.0092792-Zhong1" target="_blank">[31]</a>.</p