Chemical constituents from three medicinal plants: Piper renitens, Siparuna guianensis and Alternanthera brasiliana

Chemical study of three medicinal plants: from leaves of Piper renitens (Miq.) Yunck, Piperaceae, and Siparuna guianensis Aubl., Siparunaceae, and from flowers of Alternanthera brasiliana (L.) Kuntze, Amaranthaceae, resulted in isolation of nine compounds: three steroids, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol from P. renitens and sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside from A. brasiliana, the diterpene kaurane ent-kauran-16α,17-diol from P. renitens, two derivatives kaempferol-methylether, kumatakenine (kaempferol-3,7-dimethylether) and kaempferol-3,7,3'-trimethylether from S. guianensis and three flavones, crysoeriol (5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3'-methoxyflavone), tricin (5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3',5'-dimethoxyflavone) and 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-5,4'-dihydroxy-3'-methoxyflavone from A. brasiliana. Compounds structures were determinate using 1D and 2D ¹H NMR and 13C spectral data, mass and IR spectra, comparing with literature data

Constituintes químicos de Ottonia corcovadensis Miq. da floresta Amazônica: atribuição dos deslocamentos químicos dos átomos de hidrogênio e carbono Chemical constituents of Ottonia corcovadensis Miq. from Amazon forest: ¹h and 13c chemical shift assignments

<abstract language="eng">In an ethanolic extract of leaves of Ottonia corcovadensis (Piperaceae) were identified sixteen terpenoids of essential oil and the three flavonoids 3',4',5,5',7-pentamethoxyflavone (1), 3',4',5,7-tetramethoxyflavone (2) and 5-hydroxy-3',4',5',7-tetramethoxyflavone (3) and cafeic acid (4). Two amides (5 and 6) were isolated from an ethanolic extract of the roots. The structures were established by spectral analysis, meanly NMR (1D and 2D) and mass spectra. Extensive NMR analysis was also used to complete ¹H and 13C chemical shift assignments of the flavonoids and amides. The components of the essential oil were identified by computer library search, retention indices and visual interpretation of mass spectra

Three new natural cyclopentenedione derivatives from Piper carniconnectivum

Three new natural cyclopentenedione derivatives (1-3) and the known coumarin xanthyletin (4) were isolated from the roots of Piper carniconnectivum. The structures were established by spectroscopic data, mainly 1D and 2D NMR and EIMS

Further analyses of mechanisms underlying the antinociceptive effect of the triterpene 3β, 6β, 16β-trihydroxylup-20(29)-ene in mice

AbstractThe present study investigated the mechanisms involved in the antinociception produced by the triterpene 3β, 6β, 16β-trihydroxylup-20(29)-ene (TTHL) in mice. TTHL administered by intra-gastric (i.g.) gavage inhibited glutamate-induced nociception with an ID50 of 19.0 (13.2–27.5) mg/kg. This action started 60min (inhibition of: 59±6%) after i.g. administration and remained significant up to 6h (inhibition of 37±6%). Moreover, TTHL inhibited both phases of formalin induced pain. The antinociception of TTHL was reversed by the pre-administration of naloxone (1mg/kg; non-selective opioid receptor antagonist), CTOP (1mg/kg; selective μ-opioid receptor antagonist), nor-binaltorphimine (1mg/kg; selective κ-opioid receptor antagonist), naltrindol (3mg/kg; selective δ-opioid receptor antagonist), p-chlorophenylalanine methyl ester (100mg/kg for 4 consecutive days; inhibitor of serotonin synthesis), WAY100635 (0.5mg/kg; selective 5-HT1A receptor antagonist) and ketanserin (0.3mg/kg; selective 5-HT2A receptor antagonist) but not by L-arginine (600mg/kg; nitric oxide precursor) or ondansetron (0.5mg/kg; 5-HT3 receptor antagonist). Furthermore, the TTHL antinociception was prevented by intrathecal (i.t.) pre-treatment with pertussis toxin (0.5μg/site; inactivator of Gi/o protein), charybdotoxin (250pg/site; blocker of large-conductance calcium-gated K+ channels), tetraethylammonium (1μg/site; blocker of voltage-gated K+ channels) and glibenclamide (80μg/site; blocker of ATP-gated K+ channels) but not by apamin (50ng/site; blocker of small-conductance calcium-gated K+ channels). The antinociception of TTHL was not it associated with locomotor impairment or sedation. These results showed that TTHL presented a pronounced antinociceptive effect, which is dependent on opioid and serotonergic systems, Gi/o protein activation and the opening of specific K+ channels