Investigations on the Formation of Copper Polyvanadates as a Function of pH

The formation and composition of copper vanadates obtained by the interaction of copper sulfate with different sodium vanadates (ortho, pyro, meta and poly) have been studied by means of electrometric techniques involving glass electrode and conductometric titrations between the reactants at several concentrations in aqueous and aqueous-ethanolic media. The well defined inflections and breaks in the titration curves provide cogent evidence for the formation and precipitation of copper ortho-3CuO.V2O5, pyro-2CuO.V2O5 and meta-CuO.V2O5 vanadates in the vicinity of pH 8.1, 7.4 and 6.2, respectively. The studies on formation of copper poly-vanadate failed to give any dependable results. Analytical investigations of the compounds formed confirm the results of the electrometric study. The precipitation of copper ortho-vanadate is almost quantitative and the glass electrode titrations ofers a simple and rapid method for determination of vanadium(V) in solutions

Electrometric investigations on formation of lanthanum molybdates as a function of Ph

The precise nature of the reaction between lanthanum nitrate and sodium molybdate at specific pH levels 7.6, 5.5 and 4.1 has been studied by means of electrometric techniques involving potentiometric and conductometric titrations, in aqueous and alcoholic media using each reagent as titrant. Well-defined breaks and inflections in the titration curves provide cogent evidence for formation and precipitation of lanthanum normal-La2O3.3MoO3, para- La2O3.7MoO3 and octa-2 La2O3.24MoO3 molybdates in the vicinity of pH 5.9, 4.8 and 4.2, respectively. Analytical investigations of the precipitates of lanthanum molybdates have also been carried out, which substantiate the results of the electrometric study

Formation of nickel vanadates as a function of pH

The precise nature of the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium ortho-vanadate solution has been studied by means of electrometric techniques involving potentiometric and conductometric titrations. The well defined inflections and breaks in the titration curves confirm the existence of the anions, pyro-V2O7(4-) , meta-VO3- and poly-H2V10O28(4-) corresponding to the ratios of VO4(3-):H+ as 1:1, 1:2 and 1:2.6 in the neighborhood of pH 10.5, 7.4 and 3.6, respectively. The interaction of nickel chloride with sodium vanadate solutions, at specific pH levels 12.4, 10.5, 7.4 and 3.6 was also studied by potentiometric and conductometric titrations between the reactants. The end-points obtained from the sharp inflections in the titration curves provide definite evidence for the formation of ortho-3NiO.V2O5, pyro-2NiO.V2O5 and meta-NiO.V2O5 vanadates of nickel in the vicinity of pH 8.9, 8.0 and 6.8, respectively. Analytical investigations on the precipitates formed confirm the results of the electrometric study