RELEVANCE AND PERSPECTIVES OF EXPERIMENTAL WOUND MODELS IN WOUND HEALING RESEARCH

The wound healing process consists of four highly integrated and overlapping phases: Hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. These phases and their biophysiological functions must occur in the proper sequence, at a specific time and continue for a specific duration at an optimal intensity. There are many factors that can affect wound healing which interferes with one or more phases in this process, thus causing improper or impaired tissue repair. This review was aimed to collect data and made a critical analysis. This will provide concise information regarding different models and parameters used for wound healing study. The data related to different wound models are collected using popular search engines as well as relevant science search engines and database including Google Scholar, Science Direct, and PubMed. A new drug substance can be evaluated for wound healing activity using different in vitro models such as cell culture, chick chorioallantoic membrane model, tube formation on metrigel and capillary growth model. The in vivo wound models such as incision, excision, dead space, burn wound, ischemic wound, and diabetic wound models are frequently used. Each model has specific importance. The limitations and advantages of each are described in this review. Although animal wound repair is an imperfect reflection of human wound healing and its clinical challenges, these models can be fundamental tools for the development of new approaches to rational wound therapy.Â

Characterization of indigenous Traditional medicine - <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Muktashukti Bhasma</i>

483-488The Bhasma of calcium (muktashukti bhasma) mentioned in the Ayurvedic text Rasaratnasamuchchaya, Ayurvediya rasashastra, Ayurved sarsangraha. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">Muktashukti Bhasma prepared and has been analyzed by various analytical techniques to scrutinize their chemical compositions. The raw materials, intermediates obtained during the synthesis and the final products have been characterized by various instrumental techniques including powder X-ray diffraction, Infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy. spectroscopic techniques are proved to be useful in obtaining chemical profile of lab prepared Muktashukti Bhasma. These techniques are useful in studying qualitative and quantitative differences in inorganic as well as organic chemical constituents

PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION AND IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL SCREENING OF SANTALUM ALBUM SEEDS EXTRACTS

Objective: Present study aimed phytochemical evaluation and antimicrobial screening of petroleum ether and ethanol extracts of Santalum album seeds.Methods: Petroleum ether and ethanol extracts were screened for presence of chemical constituents. Petroleum ether extract was investigated detail by using chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. In vitro antimicrobial activity of both extracts were investigated using disc diffusion method on two gram-positive bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, gram negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and fungus Candida albicans.Results: Santalbic acid was identified in petroleum ether extract and content determined by HPTLC was 4.7%w/w. It was seen that petroleum ether extract have MIC value for B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa, E. coli and C. albicans were 78.125 µg/ml, 19.331 µg/ml, 625 µg/ml &amp; 39.062 µg/ml respectively while MBC was 39.062 µg/ml, 4.882 µg/ml, 312.5 µg/ml &amp; 9.765 µg/ml,  respectively. Petroleum ether extract showed MIC and MBC values for S. aureus was similar as 156.25µg/ml. So, the petroleum ether extract showed significant antimicrobial activity against both gram positive, gram negative and fungal strain.Conclusions: The results of present investigations were indicative of possible high potency of petroleum ether extract due to santalbic acid which could serve as chemotherapeutic agent