Dye decolorization by sub-tropical basidiomycetous fungi and the effect of metals on decolorizing ability

White-rot basidiomycetous fungi from sub-tropical forests plus a Phanerochaete chrysosporium control were able to decolorize several azo, triphenylmethane and heterocyclic/polymeric dyes over 14 days. The effects of metal ions on decolorizing ability towards the dye Poly-R varied. Two sub-tropical strains were capable of decolorization in the presence of up to 0.25 mM Cd2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+, whereas decolorization by P. chrysosporium was completely inhibited by all metals at concentrations as low as 0.1 mM. In all cases decolorizing ability was more sensitive than biomass production to metal inhibition.link_to_subscribed_fulltex

Dye decolorization by sub-tropical basidiomycetous fungi and the effect of metals on decolorizing ability

White-rot basidiomycetous fungi from sub-tropical forests plus a Phanerochaete chrysosporium control were able to decolorize several azo, triphenylmethane and heterocyclic/polymeric dyes over 14 days. The effects of metal ions on decolorizing ability towards the dye Poly-R varied. Two sub-tropical strains were capable of decolorization in the presence of up to 0.25 mM Cd2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+, whereas decolorization by P. chrysosporium was completely inhibited by all metals at concentrations as low as 0.1 mM. In all cases decolorizing ability was more sensitive than biomass production to metal inhibition.link_to_subscribed_fulltex

Production of wood decay enzymes, loss of mass, and lignin solubilization in wood by diverse tropical freshwater fungi

In vitro production of cellulase and xylanase was common among diverse freshwater ascomycetes and their hyphomycetous anamorphs. Production of enzymes involved in lignin degradation was rare. Most isolates were capable of causing mass loss in angiosperm wood, although values were low, at ∼10% during a 24-week period. A few isolates caused higher mass loss of up to 26.5%, and five of these were shown to solubilize significant amounts of lignin. This is the first report of lignin solubilization by freshwater fungi. Torula herbarum (hyphomycete) and Ophioceras dolichostomum (ascomycete) produced indices of lignin solubilization equivalent to those of terrestrial white-rot basidiomycetes. In all cases wood decay was 2.2- to 3-fold higher in exposed rather than submerged conditions.link_to_subscribed_fulltex

Production of wood decay enzymes, mass loss and lignin solubilization in wood by marine ascomycetes and their anamorphs

A study was carried out to establish the wood decay ability for a large number of diverse marine ascomycetes and their anamorphs. In vitro production of cellulase and xylanase was widespread among forty-seven fungi. Production of enzymes involved in lignin degradation was comparatively less common. Most isolates were capable of causing mass loss in a birch wood substrate although values were low (<5%) during a 24-week period. A few ascomycetes caused higher mass loss of up to 20.1%. In all cases wood decay was greater in exposed rather than submerged conditions. Ascocratera manglicola, Astrosphaeriella striatispora, Cryptovalsa halosarceicola, Linocarpon bipolaris and Rhizophila marina, were shown to solubilize significant amounts of lignin, with indices of lignin solubilization comparable to those of terrestrial white-rot basidiomycetes. Certain marine ascomycetes may therefore fulfill an equivalent ecological role.link_to_OA_fulltex