How to do Security with Words. A Grammar of Securitisation in the People’s Republic of China

Siirretty Doriast

Kylmän sodan mentaliteetti: Kiinan makroturvallistamisdiskurssi Ukrainan sodan kontekstissa

Artikkeli lähestyy Kiinan ulkopolitiikkaa suhteessa Ukrainan sotaan makroturvallistamisen kautta. Kiina on jopa sodan alettua edelleen kehottanut erityisesti Yhdysvaltoja sekä Natoa luopumaan kylmän sodan mentaliteetista ja konfliktin osapuolia palaamaan neuvottelupöytään. Tämä Kiinan valitsema linja on jatkumo sen kylmän sodan jälkeiselle lähestymiselle blokkipolitiikkaan ja kylmän sodan makroturvallistamisen purkamiseen. Artikkeli käy läpi kiinalaisen kylmän sodan jälkeisen makroturvallistamisdiskurssin kehityskulun ja sijoittaa vallitsevan konfliktin Kiinan ylläpitämään turvallistamisen purkamisen linjaan

The Routledge Handbook of Chinese Discourse Analysis

In this chapter we explore how practices of security governmentality are enacted in everydaycensorship of online discourse in China. We do this by showing how internet censorship can beapproached as a form of controlling the fl ow of ‘good’, ‘bad’, and ‘dangerous’ words and images.Together with propaganda, censorship, even on the level of words, is part of how political discourseis controlled in China. We illustrate this with two case studies that display what we callovert and covert meta-level censorship on China’s largest microblog service Sina Weibo and herlargest search engine Baidu.com respectively.Our analysis shows how meta-level search engine fi ltering is based on a two-layered system,where short-lived political incidents tend to be fi ltered for brief periods of time, while wordsthat are conducive to building oppositional awareness tend to be censored more continuously.Controlling discourse in this way affects identity formation and power positions ( Fairclough,1992 ) in Chinese society. Furthermore, censorship is used to sanitize images in the Chineseinternet in order to create a neutral or pro-regime online environment for Chinese internetusers, in our case, where it concerns the issue of democratic criticism. We begin the chapter byfi rst introducing our framework and the main tenets of research on Chinese internet control.We then present our two case studies on internet control over social media and search engineson Sina Weibo and Baidu.1st Editio

Security, resilience and desecuritization: multidirectional moves and dynamics

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Taylor & Francis via http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21624887.2015.1111095In its current configuration, Security Studies tends to analyse the relationship between security, resilience and non-security politics in cases where the issue of concern has been securitized, when some issue already has the status function and label of a security issue. The literature consistently frames desecuritization and resilience as processes that take place after an issue has been securitized. The overarching objective of this article is to tell a different sociopolitical story of the connections between desecuritization, resilience and securitization. In order to do this, we present a triangular model of dual relationships among security, resilience and non-security politics. By doing so, we propose a theorization of the relations among these concepts that takes into account not only instances in which desecuritization moves and resiliencization moves follow security, but also instances in which desecuritization and resilience arise before security – when securitization is still brewing. Empirical vignettes are employed throughout our discussion to illustrate key points of our argument