Analisis Risiko Bahaya Kecelakaan Kerja Dan Pengendalian Bahaya Dengan Pendekatan Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment And Risk Control (Hirarc) Pada UMKM Rosabonita Bakery

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) Rosabonita Bakery is one of the small businesses in the bakery sector. UMKM Rosabonita Bakery accepts orders for making wet and dry cakes both individually and in large parties. MSME Rosabonita Bakery is located in Gumpang, Kartasura, Sukoharjo, Central Java. This is still done independently by the owner and the production site has not been designed professionally because it is still at home so there will be many hazards that can endanger safety at work. Based on observations in the Rosabonita Bakery production area, there are several Important Potential Hazards that need to be identified. This needs to be done in order to create an ideal Occupational Health and Safety in the workplace and also increase productivity. The results of this study are expected that Rosabonita Bakery SMEs can use the Hierarchy of Control in controlling the potential hazards that exist so that work accidents can be minimized

Effects of Metformin With or Without Supplementation With Folate on Homocysteine Levels and Vascular Endothelium of Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether the administration of metformin exerts any effects on serum homocysteine (Hcy) levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and whether supplementation with folate enhances the positive effects of metformin on the structure and function of the vascular endothelium. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 50 patients affected by PCOS, without additional metabolic or cardiovascular diseases, were enrolled in a prospective nonrandomized placebo-controlled double-blind clinical study. They were grouped into two treatment arms that were matched for age and BMI. Patients were treated with a 6-month course of metformin (1,700 mg daily) plus folic acid (400 microg daily; experimental group, n = 25) or placebo (control group, n = 25). Complete hormonal and metabolic patterns, serum Hcy, folate, vitamin B12, endothelin-1 levels, brachial artery diameter at the baseline (BAD-B) and after reactive hyperemia (BAD-RH), flow-mediated dilation, and intima-media thickness in both common carotid arteries were evaluated. RESULTS: After treatment, a significant increase in serum Hcy levels was observed in the control group compared with the baseline values and the experimental group. A beneficial effect was observed in the concentrations of BAD-B, BAD-RH, flow-mediated dilation, intima-media thickness, and serum endothelin-1 in both groups. However, the results were improved more significantly in the experimental group than in the control subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Metformin exerts a slight but significant deleterious effect on serum Hcy levels in patients with PCOS, and supplementation with folate is useful to increase the beneficial effect of metformin on the vascular endothelium

Science communication in Brazil: A historical review and considerations about the current situation

ABSTRACT In this paper, we present a historical overview of the science communication activities in Brazil since the nineteenth century and we analyze the current situation and its main concerns. The principal scopes and tools for science communication discussed here are the following: science centers and museums, mass media and large public events for communicating science and technology (S&T). In recent years, such activities have had a significant breakthrough in Brazil. Yet, there is still a long way to go in order to deliver a quality and extensive science and technology communication to the Brazilians as well as to achieve a suitable level of social appropriation of knowledge on S&T by the Brazilian society. Some of the main challenges that we are facing are discussed herein

Gradient High Performance Liquid Chromatography Method Development and Validation for Simultaneous Determination of Phenylephrine and Ibuprofen in Tablet Dosage Form

Purpose: To develop a gradient high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the simultaneous determination of phenylephrine (PHE) and ibuprofen (IBU) in solid dosage form.Methods: HPLC determination was carried out on an Agilent XDB C-18 column (4.6 x 150mm, 5 μ particle size) with a gradient mobile phase composed of 0.1 % orthophosphoric acid and acetonitrile at a ratio of: 0.01/95/5, 2.5/95/5, 6/10/90, 8/10/90, 8.1/95/5 and 13/95/5 for time (min)/0.1 % orthophosphoric acid (%)/acetonitrile (%) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Column temperature was maintained at 30 °C and detection was carried out using a photodiode array (PDA) detector at 210 nm. Validation parameters, including system suitability, linearity, precision, accuracy, specificity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), stability of sample and standard stock solutions as well as robustness were obtained as per International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The proposed method was applied to the determination of phenylephrine and ibuprofen in commercial tablets.Results: Retention time for phenylephrine and ibuprofen were 2.7 and 8.4 min, respectively while % recovery was 99.42 and 99.80 %, respectively. The relative standard deviation (% RSD) for assay of the tablets was < 2 %.Conclusion: The method is fast, accurate, precise and sensitive, and hence it can be employed for routine quality control of tablets containing both drugs in quality control (QC) laboratories and pharmaceutical industry.Keywords: Phenylephrine, Ibuprofen, Simultaneous determination, Validation, Gradient HPLC

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Not AvailableThe study investigated the long-term effect of feeding processed solvent extracted karanj (Pongamia glabra) cake (SKC) on gross pathology and histopathological changes in some vital organs, and on the activities of serum enzymes in Jalauni lambs. Twenty-four male lambs were divided into 4 groups and allotted randomly to a soybean meal (SBM) based control (CON) and 3 treatment groups receiving concentrate mixtures, containing water washed (WW), 2.5% lime (LM) and 0.4% binder (BN) treated SKC replacing 50% nitrogen of SBM to meet the protein requirements. Blood was collected after 150 days from all the lambs and serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were assayed. All lambs were sacrificed after 196 days, and vital organs screened for gross pathological lesions. The representative tissues of liver, intestine, parathyroid gland, testis, and epididymis were sampled, preserved in 10% formalin and processed to examine histopathological changes by staining with haematoxylin and eosin (HE). The serum enzyme activities of AST and ALT were similar in the treatments, but the activity of LDH was higher (P < 0.01) in processed SKC-fed groups than the control. The weight and size of the liver were decreased in BN group, while those of testes were decreased in both LM and BN groups. The histological sections of the testes and epididymis of lambs from LM group showed hypoplastic seminiferous tubules and empty ductules, respectively. The histological sections of the parathyroid gland in the same diet revealed smaller and non-secretory chief cells. The small intestine of lambs from BN group showed infiltration of mononuclear cells (MNC) in lamina propria with mild fibroplasia in intervillous areas. The histological section of liver from this group showed MNC infiltration in portal areas. The inclusion of water washed SKC in the concentrate mixture of lambs did not show gross pathological and histological alterations in the tissues in the vital organs; however, the activity of LDH was significantly (P = 0.001) elevated in processed SKC-fed groups than the control. Thus, feeding of water washed SKC in the concentrate at 225 g/kg for a longer period do not cause any adverse effect in lambs. This is supported by normal activities of serum enzymes and intact histological features in the tissues of liver, intestine, parathyroid gland and testis.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableA caecal fermentation study was conducted in 30 Angora rabbits equally placed under five whole diets (75 concentrate : 25 roughage) supplemented with processed Neem (Azadirachta indica) kernel meal (NKM ; 2% urea or 1.5% NaOH, W/W), replacing isonitrogenously either at 50 or 100% level of deoiled peanut (Arachis hypogea) meal, for 18 wk period. The total volatile fatty acids level was depressed (p < 0.05) in all the experimental groups (0.02 to 0.04 mEq/g) and ammonia-nitrogen was lowest (p < 0.05; 24.9μmol/g24.9μmol/g) in rabbits fed NaOH treated NKM supplemented diet. Enzyme activity (unit/g) of carboxy methyl-cellulase, αα-amylase, protease and urease exhibited much variation and did not differ significantly. Hence, the results could not confirm a possible adverse effect of feeding NKM on caecal fermentation.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableAn experiment was carried out to examine the effect of replacement of maize with three varieties of sorghum (i.e., red, yellow and white) varying in tannin content on carcass quality, skeletal status and histopathology in broilers. The birds were fed on reference and 9 test diets, in which the maize moiety of reference diet was replaced at graded level of 50, 75 and 100% on equal energy content basis with each variety of sorghum. The red sorghum contained relatively higher tannin (1.86%) than yellow (0.57%) and white sorghum. The carcass characteristics (dressing, eviscerated and ready to cook yield) and organ weights (heart, liver, gizzard and pancreas) revealed non significant effects of dietary treatments, except for gizzard weight (% live weight) which was significantly (P<0.01) higher in birds fed on 50% red sorghum diet as compared to reference diet. Organoleptic evaluation of broiler meat of different dietary groups revealed non significant difference for sensory attributes, except for appearance where, 75% white sorghum fed group received significantly (P<0.05) lower score than yellow sorghum fed groups. Leg abnormalities were noticed only in the birds fed on 100% red sorghum incorporated diet with stiff gait, outward bowing of legs, enlargement of hock joints which compelled the birds to sit on the hock joints as they were unable to stand and finally the birds fed on 100% red sorghum diet succumbed up to 5th week of feeding trial. Mortality rate was very high (around 100%) in birds fed on 100% red sorghum diet as compared to those on other diets. Post mortem examination of the birds died from 100% red sorghum fed group revealed poor and pale musculature, severe enlargement of kidney and renal tubules, distended ureters with clear whitish chalky material. It could be concluded that higher level of red sorghum incorporation in the diet of broiler chicken should be with caution and yellow as well as white sorghum can completely replace maize in diet.Not Availabl