Integrable twists in AdS/CFT

A class of marginal deformations of four-dimensional N=4 super Yang-Mills theory has been found to correspond to a set of smooth, multiparameter deformations of the S^5 target subspace in the holographic dual on AdS_5 x S^5. We present here an analogous set of deformations that act on global toroidal isometries in the AdS_5 subspace. Remarkably, certain sectors of the string theory remain classically integrable in this larger class of so-called gamma-deformed AdS_5 x S^5 backgrounds. Relying on studies of deformed su(2)_gamma models, we formulate a local sl(2)_gamma Lax representation that admits a classical, thermodynamic Bethe equation (based on the Riemann-Hilbert interpretation of Bethe's ansatz) encoding the spectrum in the deformed AdS_5 geometry. This result is extended to a set of discretized, asymptotic Bethe equations for the twisted string theory. Near-pp-wave energy spectra within sl(2)_gamma and su(2)_gamma sectors provide a useful and stringent test of such equations, demonstrating the reliability of this technology in a wider class of string backgrounds. In addition, we study a twisted Hubbard model that yields certain predictions of the dual beta-deformed gauge theory.Comment: v2: references and clarifications added, 46 page

Comments on operators with large spin

We consider high spin operators. We give a general argument for the logarithmic scaling of their anomalous dimensions which is based on the symmetries of the problem. By an analytic continuation we can also see the origin of the double logarithmic divergence in the Sudakov factor. We show that the cusp anomalous dimension is the energy density for a flux configuration of the gauge theory on $AdS_3 \times S^1$. We then focus on operators in ${\cal N}=4$ super Yang Mills which carry large spin and SO(6) charge and show that in a particular limit their properties are described in terms of a bosonic O(6) sigma model. This can be used to make certain all loop computations in the string theory.Comment: 33 pages, 1 figure,v2:reference to more recent work added, minor correction

Seismic studies of the unevenness of open fracturing and inhomogeneity of the fluid saturation in the geological environment for optimal development of oil and gas fields

The distribution of fracturing and the type of fluid saturation in the geological environment, along with its structure, is the most important information for optimal development of oil and gas fields, including their search, exploration and development. Integrated use of seismic information about fluid saturation, fracturing and the structure of sedimentary strata helps to choose the optimal locations for the discovery of wells in order to obtain the maximum possible inflow of hydrocarbons into them. This approach drastically reduces the drilling of dry wells while performing prospecting and exploration works, significantly reduces the capital costs for their implementation and accelerates the commissioning of fields. In the development of the field, continuous seismic monitoring of fracturing and fluid saturation of the productive strata in real time allows the operative optimization of oil displacement schemes and operating modes of wells, choosing the optimal location and time for performing geological and technological measures, and controlling the geological and technical efficiency of their implementation, etc., the rate of recovery and the completeness of the oil extraction from the deposit while reducing capital and operating costs. To study the 2D-4D distribution of fracturing and fluid saturation in the geological environment by scientists and specialists of the «Scientific School of Oil and Gas Seismoacoustics by prof. Kuznetsov O.L.», innovative seismic technologies are created: «Seismic side-view locator»,» Seismolocation of foci of emission» and «Acoustic low-frequency survey», in which for obtaining this information, waves of diffuse reflection and microseismic emissions are used, not mirror reflection, as in traditional seismic surveys. As a result of experimental laboratory, well and field studies, the regularity of the amplitude-time parameters of seismoacoustic emission was determined depending on the type of fluid saturation of rocks and physical impacts, which was also used in the technologies of «Logging of seismoacoustic emission» to isolate oil-containing intervals in a section of wells and «Wave treatment of the reservoir» to increase the oil inflow into the well, including hard-to-recover highly viscous oil. Examples of the application of seismo-acoustic technologies for solving a wide range of applied problems in the development of oil and gas fields are given

Persistent dyslipidemia in statin-treated patients: Russian real-world clinical practice data (Russian part of the DYSIS Study)

The high prevalence of persistent dyslipidemia in primary and specialised care patients treated with statins justifies the need to identify its reasons and develop the recommendations on the treatment optimization. At present, Russian studies focusing on the achievement of target lipid levels remain scarce, which emphasizes the importance of the problem and its further investigation. Aim. Cross-sectional epidemiological study which assessed the prevalence of persistent dyslipidemia in statin-treated patients and analysed the predictors of the achievement of target lipid levels. Material and methods. The lipid profile parameters were analysed in 1586 statin-treated out-patients with varied levels of cardiovascular risk, taking into account the type of lipid-lowering therapy and its doses. The assessment of the cardiovascular event (CVE) risk and the definition of target levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-CH), as well as normal levels of triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-CH), was based on the clinical recommendations by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC 2007) and by the European Society of Cardiology and the European Atherosclerosis Society (ESC/EAS 2011 ). Results. The analysis based on the ESC 2007 recommendations has demonstrated that the target levels of LDL-CH (<2,5 mmol/l for high-risk patients) were not achieved in 53,5% of the participants. The elevation of LDL-CH levels could be isolated or combined with the HDL-CH decrease and/or the TG increase. Low levels of HDL-CH were observed in 32,3% of the patients, while high TG levels were registered in 55,6% of the participants. The achievement of target LDL-CH levels was predicted by the higher-dose statin therapy (odds ratio 0,44). The analysis based on the ESC/EAS 2011 recommendations has shown that the prevalence of target LDL-CH levels was 12,2% in very high-risk patients (< 1,8 mmol/l), 30,3% in high-risk patients (<2,5 mmol/l), and 53,4% in moderate-risk patients (<3,0 mol/l). Conclusion. Over a half of the statin-treated patients failed to achieve target levels of LDL-CH. The lowest prevalence of target LDL-CH levels was observed in very high-risk and high-risk patients. The predictors of target LDL-CH level achievement included moderate cardiovascular risk and higher-dose statin therapy. The obtained results suggest that the correction of persistent dyslipidemia in statin-treated patients could be achieved via increasing the satin dose and combining lipid-lowering medications

Persistent dyslipidemia in statin-treated patients: Russian real-world clinical practice data (Russian part of the DYSIS Study)

The high prevalence of persistent dyslipidemia in primary and specialised care patients treated with statins justifies the need to identify its reasons and develop the recommendations on the treatment optimization. At present, Russian studies focusing on the achievement of target lipid levels remain scarce, which emphasizes the importance of the problem and its further investigation. Aim. Cross-sectional epidemiological study which assessed the prevalence of persistent dyslipidemia in statin-treated patients and analysed the predictors of the achievement of target lipid levels. Material and methods. The lipid profile parameters were analysed in 1586 statin-treated out-patients with varied levels of cardiovascular risk, taking into account the type of lipid-lowering therapy and its doses. The assessment of the cardiovascular event (CVE) risk and the definition of target levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-CH), as well as normal levels of triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-CH), was based on the clinical recommendations by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC 2007) and by the European Society of Cardiology and the European Atherosclerosis Society (ESC/EAS 2011 ). Results. The analysis based on the ESC 2007 recommendations has demonstrated that the target levels of LDL-CH (<2,5 mmol/l for high-risk patients) were not achieved in 53,5% of the participants. The elevation of LDL-CH levels could be isolated or combined with the HDL-CH decrease and/or the TG increase. Low levels of HDL-CH were observed in 32,3% of the patients, while high TG levels were registered in 55,6% of the participants. The achievement of target LDL-CH levels was predicted by the higher-dose statin therapy (odds ratio 0,44). The analysis based on the ESC/EAS 2011 recommendations has shown that the prevalence of target LDL-CH levels was 12,2% in very high-risk patients (< 1,8 mmol/l), 30,3% in high-risk patients (<2,5 mmol/l), and 53,4% in moderate-risk patients (<3,0 mol/l). Conclusion. Over a half of the statin-treated patients failed to achieve target levels of LDL-CH. The lowest prevalence of target LDL-CH levels was observed in very high-risk and high-risk patients. The predictors of target LDL-CH level achievement included moderate cardiovascular risk and higher-dose statin therapy. The obtained results suggest that the correction of persistent dyslipidemia in statin-treated patients could be achieved via increasing the satin dose and combining lipid-lowering medications