Youth physical education and sports: visions of future, problems and prospects

Objective of the study was to identify psychological and pedagogical features of perception of the future in adolescents during their physical education and sports activities. Methods and structure of the study. The study involved the 17-20 year-old full-time students of Smolensk Academy of Professional Education (Regional State Budget Professional Educational Institution SmolAPE), who were engaged in various sports (n=47). Creativity as a personality trait was tested in the 15-16 year-old male (n=18) and female (n=17) schoolchildren (tenth-graders) of Smolensk, who were engaged in team sports. Results of the study. We determined the overall level of meaning in life, total life satisfaction and irrational attitudes of university students, as well as the correlation between the scales of irrational attitudes and levels of life satisfaction index. Conclusion. The study showed that in the 10th grade, it was the hyperthymic type of accentuation of personality traits that prevailed in the students (34%). 23% of sporting school graduates belonged to the cyclothymic type of accentuation, and 20% - to the emotive one

Clinical and anamnestic characteristics of patients with clinical manifestations of peripheral artery disease as a function of Т(–786)С polymorphism of the endothelial NO-synthase gene promoter

The aim – to determine the prevalence of Т(–786)С polymorphic gene variants of endothelial NO-synthase (eNOs) in patients with verified atherosclerosis of lower extremities arteries and their association with clinical manifestations of the disease. Materials and methods. The study involved 100 patients with verified peripheral artery disease (PAD) of the lower extremities. The control group included 35 people without changes of coronary arteries and with negative result of exercise stress test. The examination, apart from clinical tests, included determination of ankle-brachial index, selective coronary angiography, Doppler ultrasound of the lower extremities and carotid arteries as well as the estimation of their intima – media thickness. The study of allelic polymorphism of eNOs gene promoter was performed by polymerase chain reaction. Results. According to the results of genotyping of Т(–786)С gene polymorphism of eNOs the share of T/T genotypes in the control group (45.7 %) and in patients with PAD (33 %) was not different (р = 0.18), and C/T more frequently found in the control group (48.6 % vs 26 %; p = 0.01), whereas the prevalence of the C/C genotype in patients with PAD was significantly higher than in healthy individuals (41 % vs 5.7 %; p = 0.0001). The patients were divided into three groups: I group – 33 people with T/T genotype, II group – 26 people with C/T genotype and IІI group – 41 people with C/C genotype. The average age of the manifestation of PAD in patients with genotype C/C was significantly lower (50.15 ± 0.63 years) than in the group with the T/T genotype (58.45 ± 1.17 years; p = 0.001) and С/T (53.53 ± 1.28 years; p = 0.01). It was found that in the ІІІ group patients have more severe clinical manifestations of arterial insufficiency of lower limbs (according to Fontaine classification). The patients with C/C genotype had more severe course of the coronary artery disease (CAD): myocardial infarction in ІІІ group was 31.7 % (13) (vs 3.0 % (1) in І group, р = 0.005 and 7.7 % (2) in ІІ group, р = 0.045); the stable angina of ІІІ functional class was detected significantly more often in ІІІ group (29.3 % (12) vs 3 % (1), p = 0.008). Conclusions. The development of the PAD may be partly related of Т(–786)С polymorphism of the eNOs gene promoter, as evidenced by 2.74 times (p = 0.001) greater incidence of minor C allele genotype in these patients than in healthy individuals. The results of the study indicate that patients with C allele polymorphism Т(–786)С eNOs gene promoter have manifestation of the disease in younger age, clinical manifestations of lower limb ischemia is a severe, concomitant CAD is diagnosed significantly more often

Effect of Photosynthetic Electron Transport Inhibition in vivo on the Chloroplast Genes Transcription in Arabidopsis

Transcription of both nuclear and plastid genes encoding components of photosynthetic apparatus is subjected to redox regulation. The origin of redox signals mediating this regulation is chloroplast electron transport chain (ETC) itself. Up to date the effects of redox state of individual ETC components on chloroplast genes transcription rate was demonstrated only for some selected genes and only in isolated chloroplasts. In the present work ETC inhibitors was used for in vivo modulations in plastoquinone pool redox state, and run-on transcription approach was used to evaluate the plastid genes transcription rate. We have demonstrated that plastoquinone redox state has impact on transcription rate of wide range of Arabidopsis chloroplast genes. Treatment by DCMU (plastoquinone pool is oxidized) lead to increase of transcription rate of the majority of plastid genes studied. Treatment by DBMIB (plastoquinone pool is reduced) lead to decrease of plastid genes transcription rate. Simultaneous treatment by one of photosynthesis inhibitors and KCN (mitochondrial respiratory complex IV inhibitor) lead to decrease of transcription rate of plastid genes in most cases. Our results suggest probable participation of mitochondria in the redox regulation of plastid genes expression in Arabidopsis

Perception of future inphysical education and sportsprocess: problems and prospects

Objective of the studywas to identify the psychological and pedagogical features of the formation of perceptions of the future in the youthful period in the process of physical education and sports activities. Methods and structure of research. The study involved full-time students of 17–20 years old, studying at Smolensk Academy of Professional Education and involved in various sports (n = 47). In the definition of creativity as character traits, young men (n = 18) and girls (n = 17) from Smolensk, 10th grade students aged 15-16 years, attending sports sections by game types took part. Results of the study.The levels of the general indicator of meaningfulness of life, the index of general life satisfaction and the irrational attitudes of university students are determined, the correlation between the scales of irrational attitudes and the level of the index of life satisfaction is revealed. Conclusions.Studies have shown that in the 10th grade, students with a hyperthymic type of accentuation come out in first place (34%). 23% belong to the cyclothymic type of personality accentuation, and the emotive type is typical for 20 percent of school graduates involved in sports.Цель исследования – выявить психолого-педагогические особенности формирования восприятия будущего в юношеском периоде в процессе занятий физкультурно-спортивной деятельностью. Методика и организация исследования. В исследовании приняли участие студенты дневного обучения 17–20 лет, обучающиеся в Смоленской академии профессионального образования (ОГБПОУ СмолАПО) и занимающиеся различными видами спорта (n=47). В определении креативности как черты характера приняли участие юноши (n=18) и девушки (n=17) г. Смоленска, ученики 10-го класса в возрасте 15-16 лет, посещающие спортивные секции по игровым видам. Результаты исследования и выводы. Определены уровни общего показателя осмысленности жизни, индекса общей жизненной удовлетворенности и иррациональных установок студентов вуза, выявлена корреляционная связь между шкалами иррациональных установок и уровнем индекса жизненной удовлетворенности