Summer Transport Estimates of the Kamchatka Current Derived As a Variational Inverse of Hydrophysical and Surface Drifter Data

The quasistationary summer Bering Sea circulation is reconstructed as a variational inverse of the hydrographic and atmospheric climatologies, transport estimates through the Bering Strait, and surface drifter data. Our results indicate the splitting of the Kamchatka Current in the vicinity of the Shirshov Ridge. This branching is in agreement with independent ARGO drifter observations. It was also found, that transport of the Kamchatka Current gradually increases downstream from 14 Sv in the Olyutorsky Gulf to 24 Sv in the Kamchatka Strait, which is twice higher than previous estimates

Summer Transport Estimates of the Kamchatka Current Derived As a Variational Inverse of Hydrophysical and Surface Drifter Data

The quasistationary summer Bering Sea circulation is reconstructed as a variational inverse of the hydrographic and atmospheric climatologies, transport estimates through the Bering Strait, and surface drifter data. Our results indicate the splitting of the Kamchatka Current in the vicinity of the Shirshov Ridge. This branching is in agreement with independent ARGO drifter observations. It was also found, that transport of the Kamchatka Current gradually increases downstream from 14 Sv in the Olyutorsky Gulf to 24 Sv in the Kamchatka Strait, which is twice higher than previous estimates

On the motifs distribution in random hierarchical networks

The distribution of motifs in random hierarchical networks defined by nonsymmetric random block--hierarchical adjacency matrices, is constructed for the first time. According to the classification of U. Alon et al of network superfamilies by their motifs distributions, our artificial directed random hierarchical networks falls into the superfamily of natural networks to which the class of neuron networks belongs. This is the first example of ``handmade'' networks with the motifs distribution as in a special class of natural networks of essential biological importance.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure

Premature infants' health at multiple induced pregnancy.

Objective: to define the risk factors adversely influencing prenatal development at premature birth at use of methods of assisted reproductive technology (ART); to estimate premature' infants health from multiple induced pregnancy according to Perinatal Center of Saratov for last 3 years. Material and Methods. Under supervision there were 139 pregnant women with application ART. 202 children (51 twins were born and 5 triplet babies), from them 83 premature infants born from multiple induced pregnancy have been analyzed. Results. The newborns examined by method ART, were distributed as follows: 22-28 weeks — 19 children; 29-32 weeks — 23; 33-36 weeks — 41. Asphyxia at birth was marked at all premature infants. Respiratory insufficiency at birth is revealed in 87,3% of cases. The most frequent pathologies in premature infants are revealed: neurologic infringements and bronchopulmonary pathology occured at all children, developmental anomaly — 33, 8%, retinopathies in premature infants — 26,5%. The mortality causes include: extreme immaturity, cerebral leukomalacia, IVN 3 degrees. Conclusion. The risk factors, premature birth at application of methods ART are revealed: aged primiparas, pharmacological influence, absence of physiological conditions of prenatal development; multifetation. The high percent of birth of children with ELBW and ULBW is revealed. RDCN with further BPD development, retinopathies in premature infants and CNS defeat is more often occured.</p

Achondrogenesis type II (Langer — Saldino syndrome) at a newborn: Clinical case.

The aim of the article is to present clinical experience of conducting the patient with a genetic syndrome of Langer — Saldino in branch of resuscitation and intensive therapy of newborns of Perinatal Center of Saratov. It is necessary to notice that the described pathology is a rare autosomal dominant disease shown by plural developmental anomalies and determines great attention from the practical point of view. The given syndrome concerns mortality diseases leading to lethal outcomes on early terms of prenatal development, or in the nearest neonatal period from respiratory insufficiency

Effects of inorganic ligands on the efficiency of ion-exchange treatment of radioactive waste

Normally, liquid radioactive waste contains salts of mineral acids, the concentration of which may exceed the concentration of polyvalent ions of radioactive metals by several orders of magnitude. This, however, does not make improbable the formation of metal cation complexes with acid anions. The effects of inorganic ligands on the sorption characteristics of cations were evaluated by eluting milliquantities of metal (cobalt, magnesium) ions from the sulfocationite phase using sodium salts. The dependences of the time of retention of polyvalent metal ions by the Dowex-50×8 sulfocationate on Leden's function have been studied. It has been proved that ligands of mineral acids are capable to have a pronounced effect on the efficiency of the cation-exchange treatment of solutions. It has been found that the charged complexes formed have a greater effect on the ion exchanger sorption behavior than neutral complexes, despite the fact that the stability constant value of charged complexes is at least an order of magnitude as less as that of neutral complexes. Practical methods have been proposed to minimize the effects of inorganic ligands on the radioactive solution ion-exchange decontamination factor

Retinopathies in premature infants, incidence, risk factors, prevention and treatment

Research Objective: Analysis of incidence and accompanying states, detection of risk factors of retinopathies in premature infants (RN), dynamic monitoring and improvement of medical actions. Material and Methods: 134 children have been surveyed in the group of risk on development of RN for the last 2 years. Results: From 134 surveyed infants with gestation from 22 to 37 weeks and body weight at birth from 750 to 2500 kg. At 56 children (41,8%) the retinopathy of various degree of expressiveness has been revealed. 38 children with RN of 1-2 stages (67,8%) from which at 22 (39,3%) —the disease ended with the induced regress after a course of «retinalamin», at 16 (28,6% of RN) — spontaneous regress. 4 children (7,1%) had RN 2-3 of the Art., 3-4 Art. at 12 (21,4%), and 5 Art. a cicatricial phase with retinal detachment — 2 (3,5%). In 12 cases the laser photocoagulation in the eye centers is carried out. Conclusion: The revealed relationship of cause and effect of risk factors of formation of RN with features of a current ofthe neonatal period at patients with RN, promoted development of the system of monitoring, implementation of the program of treatment and rehabilitation of prematurely born children suffering RN. Ophthalmologic screening of premature infants with the use of the ophthalmologic digital pediatric camera "Ret Cam 3" allows to diagnose a retinopathy at early stages, in due time to hold preventive an3 medical measures that allows to lower the invalidization of this group of children

Franceschetti syndrome (mandibulo-facial dysostosis) at a newborn

The aim of the article is to present the clinical experience of conducting the patient with a congenital disease (mandibulo-facial dysostosis) resulting from defeat of the structures proceeding from the first branchial arch. The pathological state is inherited on autosomno-dominanttype. The disease can be observed in two or even three generations. The supervision represents a great interest from the clinical point of view as it rarely occurs in daily practice. Early diagnostics of difficult genetic syndromes and the clinical supervision described represent significant difficulties. According to the research, in similar situations statement of the syndromal diagnosis with specification of anomalies of development on the basis of the analysis of clinical data, additional methods of inspection, with the subsequent surgical correction of the broken functions has been justified.</p

Indices of retinopathy morbidity among premature children in Saratov region institutions of obstetrics

Research objective: to study efficiency of diagnostic and preventive actions for decrease in frequency and weight of the retinopathy of the prematurely born (RPB), and also to carry out the analysis of incidence, the accompanying states and dynamic monitoring of prematurely born children with RPB. Material and methods. For 2 years it was surveyed on the retinal chamber "Ret Cam 3" — 531 patients of second stage of nursing Perinatal center of the Saratov region. Results. In 2013 from the examined 239 children, RPB is revealed at 56 (23,4%), 183 children (76,5%) had various changes of vessels of an eye bottom. In 2014 at 292 children the following ophthalmologic pathology was noted: incomplete development of vessels — at 101 (34,5%), an angiopatiya of vessels of a retina — 122 (41,8%), angiospasm — 18 (6,2%), a partial atrophy of disks of optic nerves at 3 (1,0%), an atrophy of eyeballs — 1 (0,3%), RPB is revealed at 47 (16,1 %). It is important to note that all children with the RPB malignant form had body weight at the birth less than 1000 grams and gestational age lower than 28 weeks. Conclusion. For the last year the tendency to decrease in cases of RPB including heavy forms, however spontaneous regress at initial stages of a disease was 12,4% lower, than in 2013 is noted

LTT switch unit for capacitive energy storages

When the capacitor cell is discharged in the short-circuit mode, the current pulse amplitude and duration are maximal. Therefore, this mode is the most severe for discharge switches of capacitive energy storage. The characteristics of the transient process of the discharge capacitive energy storage and the current loads acting in the facility discharge circuit have been defined for this mode. The test bench for definition of the LTT (Light Triggered Thyristors) loading capacity is described. The limiting characteristics have been experimentally obtained for LTT, at which there emerges the thermo-generation peak. The process of OFF-ON switching of LTTs has been investigated, the necessity is shown to use the speed-up R-C circuits to ensure fast and stable transition of LTT into the conducting state. The design of the switch unit for the capacitive energy storage comprising LTTs and crowbar diodes is described, and the transient processes of current switching in crowbar diodes are considered. The tests carried out during switching of pu1se current up to 100 kA at a voltage of 6 kV have confirmed the workability of the switch unit. Keywords: Energy storage, Power semiconductor switches, Photothyristors, Pulse power system