Особенности течения себорейного кератоза у пациентов с нарушением углеводного обмена

Multiple seborrheic keratosis (SK), especially when there is overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), is considered paraneoplastic dermatosis, but it is almost always associated with multiple fibroepithelial polyps (PF) and pseudoacanthosis, skin diseases in which the leading role is played by insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study examines the possibility of the effect of disorders of carbohydrate metabolism on the clinical picture of multiple SK and the expression of EGFR.Aims. To study the clinical features of multiple SC and the expression of EGFR in patients, depending on the presence of concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus.Materials and methods. There were 65 patients with multiple SK at the age from 55 to 77 years, including women (44) and men (21). All the patients were examined skin, consultation of the endocrinologist. For a histological and immunohis-tochemical study (IHC), a single SK was surgically excised in each patient. IHC-reactions were carried out with monoclonal antibodies to EGFR. The result was assessed by the number of stained cytoplasmic membranes of tumor cells.Results. In 81.5 % of cases, multiple SK was associated in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The location of the SK was also characteristic mainly in large folds of the skin, in contrast to patients without disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, in which the SK were located mainly on the lateral surfaces of the trunk and abdomen, without affecting the large folds of the skin. Multiple PF were also characteristic of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In IHC studies EGFR expression was detected in 100 % of cases in individuals with multiple SC and type 2 diabetes mellitus in over 30 % of tumor cells, and only in 16.7 % of cases in individuals with multiple SK without violations of carbohydrate metabolism.Conclusions. The presence of multiple SK in patients, in combination with multiple PFs with characteristic tumor localization in large folds of the skin, serves as a diagnostic marker of carbohydrate metabolism disorders or predispositions to the development of type 2 diabetes. Increased expression of EGFR plays a leading role in the pathogenesis of multiple SK, stimulating the proliferation and growth of SK, in turn, as a consequence of impairment of insulin signaling pathways and insulin resistance.Множественный себорейный кератоз (СК), особенно при наличии гиперэкспрессии рецепторов эпидермального фактора роста (EGFR), считают паранеопластическим дерматозом, однако он почти всегда ассоциирован с множественными фиброэпителиальными полипами (ФП) и псевдоакантозом — заболеваниями кожи, в патогенезе которых ведущую роль играет инсулинорезистентность и сахарный диабет 2 типа (СД 2 типа). В исследовании рассматривается возможность влияния нарушений углеводного обмена на клиническую картину множественного СК и экспрессию EGFR.Цель. Изучить клинические особенности множественного СК и экспрессию EGFR у пациентов в зависимости от наличия сопутствующего СД 2 типа.Материалы и методы. Под наблюдением находились 65 пациентов с множественным СК в возрасте от 55 до 77 лет, из них женщин 44, мужчин 21. Всем пациентам проводился осмотр кожных покровов, консультация эндокринолога. Для гистологического и иммуногистохимического исследования (ИГХ) хирургическим путем иссекался единичный элемент СК у каждого пациента. ИГХ-реакции проводили с моноклональными антителами к EGFR. Результат оценивали по количеству окрашенных цитоплазматических мембран клеток опухоли.Результаты. В 81,5 % случаев множественный СК был ассоциирован у пациентов с СД 2 типа. Характерным было и расположение СК — в основном в крупных складках кожи, в отличие от пациентов без нарушений углеводного обмена, у которых СК располагались преимущественно на боковых поверхностях туловища и животе, без поражения крупных складок кожи. Множественные ФП были также характерны для лиц с СД 2 типа. При ИГХ-исследовании с моноклональными антителами к EGFR выраженная экспрессия в более 30 % клеток опухоли была выявлена в 100 % случаев у лиц с множественными СК и СД 2 типа и только в 16,7 % случаев у лиц с множественными СК без нарушений углеводного обмена.Заключение. Наличие у пациентов множественного СК, в сочетании с множественными ФП с характерной локализацией опухолей в крупных складках кожи, служит диагностическим маркером нарушений углеводного обмена и предрасположенности к развитию СД 2 типа. Повышение экспрессии EGFR, являясь следствием нарушения сигнальных путей инсулина и развития инсулинорезистентности, приводит к стимуляции пролиферации и росту СК, играя значимую роль в патогенезе заболевания

Особенности пигментации себорейного кератоза

Seborrheic keratosis (SK) is a common benign epithelial skin tumor that exists in a variety of clinical op - tions. The color of the tumor varies from yellow to dark brown, which leads to diagnostic errors. There is аlittle data about pigmentation of the SK in the literature. There is no consensus on the content of melanocytes in the SK.Objective: to study the nature of the distribution of melanin in the SK and its relationship with the number of melanocytes.Materials and methods. An analysis of 130 histological preparations with a verified diagnosis of SK and immunohistochemistry (IHC) test with monoclonal antibodies to Melan A (clone A103 ready-to-use) have been performed. Material sampling was performed in 130 patients with SK at the age of 46–77. In 48.5 % of the material was taken from places that are easily exposed to sunlight, 51.5 % — from places that are often closed, less prone to exposure to UV-radiation.Results. As a result of histological examination, three types of pigmentation of the SK were identified, depending on the accumulation and location of pigment in the tumor. IHC test with monoclonal antibodies to Melan A in all cases of SK revealed a significant decrease in the content of melanocytes (0.7–5 %), compared with the unaffected epidermis (10.7–14.3 %) (р = 0.001). The greatest number of melanocytes (3–5 %) was recorded in SK, which were removed from places exposed to UV radiation.Conclusions. A significant decrease in the content of melanocytes (less than 3 % of tumor cells) in the most pigmented SK (p = 0.0003), the lack of activation of melanogenesis in the tumor under the influence of UV radiation indicates the accumulation of pigment due to its slow utilization, due to aging and a de - crease in metabolismtumor cells.Себорейный кератоз (СК) — распространенная доброкачественная эпителиальная опухоль кожи, существующая во множестве клинических вариантов. Цвет опухоли варьирует от светло-желтого до темно-коричневого, что часто приводит к диагностическим ошибкам. Работы, посвященные пигментации СК, единичны. Нет единого мнения о содержании меланоцитов в СК.Цель исследования: изучить характер распределения меланина в СК и его взаимосвязь с количеством меланоцитов.Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ 130 гистологических препаратов с верифицированным диагнозом СК, ииммуногистохимическое (ИГХ) исследование с моноклональными антителами к Melan A (clone A103 ready-to-use). Взятие материала проводили у 130 пациентов с СК в возрасте 46–77 лет: в 48,5 % с мест, которые легко подвергаются воздействию солнечного света, в 51,5 % — с мест, чаще закрытых, менее склонных к облучению УФ-лучами.Результаты. В результате гистологического исследования были выделены три типа пигментации СК в зависимости от накопления и расположения пигмента в опухоли. ИГХ-исследование с моноклональными антителами к Melan A выявило достоверное снижение количества меланоцитов в СК (0,7–5 %) по сравнению с прилежащим к опухоли неизмененным эпидермисом (10,7–14,3 %) (р = 0,001). Наибольшее количество меланоцитов (3–5 %) регистрировалось в наименее пигментированных СК, удаленных с мест, подверженных УФ-излучению.Выводы. Значительное снижение содержания меланоцитов (менее 3 % клеток опухоли) в наиболее пигментированных СК (р = 0,0003), отсутствие активации меланогенеза в опухоли под воздействием УФ-излучения свидетельствует о накоплении пигмента в связи с его замедленной утилизацией из-за старения и снижения метаболизма клеток опухоли

Fungal Planet description sheets: 1284–1382

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Antartica, Cladosporium austrolitorale from coastal sea sand. Australia, Austroboletus yourkae on soil, Crepidotus innuopurpureus on dead wood, Curvularia stenotaphri from roots and leaves of Stenotaphrum secundatum and Thecaphora stajsicii from capsules of Oxalis radicosa. Belgium, Paraxerochrysium coryli (incl. Paraxerochrysium gen. nov.) from Corylus avellana. Brazil, Calvatia nordestina on soil, Didymella tabebuiicola from leaf spots on Tabebuia aurea, Fusarium subflagellisporum from hypertrophied floral and vegetative branches of Mangifera indica and Microdochium maculosum from living leaves of Digitaria insularis. Canada, Cuphophyllus bondii fromagrassland. Croatia, Mollisia inferiseptata from a rotten Laurus nobilis trunk. Cyprus, Amanita exilis oncalcareoussoil. Czech Republic, Cytospora hippophaicola from wood of symptomatic Vaccinium corymbosum. Denmark, Lasiosphaeria deviata on pieces of wood and herbaceousdebris. Dominican Republic, Calocybella goethei among grass on a lawn. France (Corsica) , Inocybe corsica onwetground. France (French Guiana) , Trechispora patawaensis on decayed branch of unknown angiosperm tree and Trechispora subregularis on decayed log of unknown angiosperm tree. Germany, Paramicrothecium sambuci (incl. Paramicrothecium gen. nov.)ondeadstemsof Sambucus nigra. India, Aureobasidium microtermitis from the gut of a Microtermes sp. termite, Laccaria diospyricola on soil and Phylloporia tamilnadensis on branches of Catunaregam spinosa. Iran, Pythium serotinoosporum from soil under Prunus dulcis. Italy, Pluteus brunneovenosus on twigs of broad leaved trees on the ground. Japan, Heterophoma rehmanniae on leaves of Rehmannia glutinosa f. hueichingensis. Kazakhstan, Murispora kazachstanica from healthy roots of Triticum aestivum. Namibia, Caespitomonium euphorbiae (incl. Caespitomonium gen. nov.)from stems of an Euphorbia sp. Netherlands, Alfaria junci, Myrmecridium junci, Myrmecridium juncicola, Myrmecridium juncigenum, Ophioceras junci, Paradinemasporium junci (incl. Paradinemasporium gen. nov.), Phialoseptomonium junci, Sporidesmiella juncicola, Xenopyricularia junci and Zaanenomyces quadripartis (incl. Zaanenomyces gen. nov.), fromdeadculmsof Juncus effusus, Cylindromonium everniae and Rhodoveronaea everniae from Evernia prunastri, Cyphellophora sambuci and Myrmecridium sambuci from Sambucus nigra, Kiflimonium junci, Saro cladium junci, Zaanenomyces moderatricis academiae and Zaanenomyces versatilis from dead culms of Juncus inflexus, Microcera physciae from Physcia tenella, Myrmecridium dactylidis from dead culms of Dactylis glomerata, Neochalara spiraeae and Sporidesmium spiraeae from leaves of Spiraea japonica, Neofabraea salicina from Salix sp., Paradissoconium narthecii (incl. Paradissoconium gen. nov.)from dead leaves of Narthecium ossifragum, Polyscytalum vaccinii from Vaccinium myrtillus, Pseudosoloacrosporiella cryptomeriae (incl. Pseudosoloacrosporiella gen. nov.)fromleavesof Cryptomeria japonica, Ramularia pararhabdospora from Plantago lanceolata, Sporidesmiella pini from needles of Pinus sylvestris and Xenoacrodontium juglandis (incl. Xenoacrodontium gen. nov. and Xenoacrodontiaceae fam. nov.)from Juglans regia. New Zealand, Cryptometrion metrosideri from twigs of Metrosideros sp., Coccomyces pycnophyllocladi from dead leaves of Phyllocladus alpinus, Hypoderma aliforme from fallen leaves Fuscopora solandri and Hypoderma subiculatum from dead leaves Phormium tenax. Norway, Neodevriesia kalakoutskii from permafrost and Variabilispora viridis from driftwood of Picea abies. Portugal, Entomortierella hereditatis from abio film covering adeteriorated limestone wall. Russia, Colpoma junipericola from needles of Juniperus sabina, Entoloma cinnamomeum on soil in grasslands, Entoloma verae on soil in grasslands, Hyphodermella pallidostraminea on a dry dead branch of Actinidia sp., Lepiota sayanensis onlitterinamixedforest, Papiliotrema horticola from Malus communis , Paramacroventuria ribis (incl. Paramacroventuria gen. nov.)fromleaves of Ribes aureum and Paramyrothecium lathyri from leaves of Lathyrus tuberosus. South Africa, Harzia combreti from leaf litter of Combretum collinum ssp. sulvense, Penicillium xyleborini from Xyleborinus saxesenii , Phaeoisaria dalbergiae from bark of Dalbergia armata, Protocreopsis euphorbiae from leaf litter of Euphorbia ingens and Roigiella syzygii from twigs of Syzygium chordatum. Spain, Genea zamorana on sandy soil, Gymnopus nigrescens on Scleropodium touretii, Hesperomyces parexochomi on Parexochomus quadriplagiatus, Paraphoma variabilis from dung, Phaeococcomyces kinklidomatophilus from a blackened metal railing of an industrial warehouse and Tuber suaveolens in soil under Quercus faginea. Svalbard and Jan Mayen, Inocybe nivea associated with Salix polaris. Thailand, Biscogniauxia whalleyi oncorticatedwood. UK, Parasitella quercicola from Quercus robur. USA , Aspergillus arizonicus from indoor air in a hospital, Caeliomyces tampanus (incl. Caeliomyces gen. nov.)fromoffice dust, Cippumomyces mortalis (incl. Cippumomyces gen. nov.)fromatombstone, Cylindrium desperesense from air in a store, Tetracoccosporium pseudoaerium from air sample in house, Toxicocladosporium glendoranum from air in a brick room, Toxicocladosporium losalamitosense from air in a classroom, Valsonectria portsmouthensis from airinmen'slockerroomand Varicosporellopsis americana from sludge in a water reservoir. Vietnam, Entoloma kovalenkoi on rotten wood, Fusarium chuoi inside seed of Musa itinerans , Micropsalliota albofelina on soil in tropical evergreen mixed forest sand Phytophthora docyniae from soil and roots of Docynia indica. Morphological and culture characteristics are supported by DNA barcodes

Точні нерівності різних метрик на класах функцій із заданою функцією порівняння

For any $q > p > 0$,$$$\omega > 0,$$$$$$d \ge 2 \omega,$$$we obtain the following sharp inequality of various metrics$$\|x\|_{L_q(I_{d})} \le \frac{\|\varphi +c\|_{L_q(I_{2\omega})}}{\|\varphi + c \|_{L_p(I_{2\omega})}}\|x\|_{L_p(I_{d})}$$on the set$$$S_{\varphi}(\omega)$$$of$$$d$$$-periodic functions$$$x$$$having zeros with given the sine-shaped$$$2\omega$$$-periodic comparison function$$$\varphi$$$, where$$$c\in [-\|\varphi\|_\infty, \|\varphi\|_\infty]$$$is such that$$\|x_{\pm}\|_{L_p(I_{d})} = \|(\varphi +c)_{\pm}\|_{L_p(I_{2\omega})}\,.$$In particular, we  obtain such type inequalities on the Sobolev sets of periodic functions and on the spaces of trigonometric polynomials and polynomial splines with given quotient of the norms$$$\|x_{+}\|_{L_p(I_{d})} / \|x_-\|_{L_p(I_{d})}$$$.Для довiльних$$$q > p > 0$$$,$$$\omega > 0,$$$$$$d \ge 2 \omega,$$$отримана точна нерівність різних метрик$$\|x\|_{L_q(I_{d})} \le \frac{\|\varphi +c\|_{L_q(I_{2\omega})}}{\|\varphi + c \|_{L_p(I_{2\omega})}}\|x\|_{L_p(I_{d})}\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\mathrm{(1)}$$на класах$$$S_{\varphi}(\omega)$$$$$$d$$$-періодичних функцій$$$x$$$, що мають нулі, із  заданою синусоподібною$$$2\omega$$$-періодичною функцією порівняння$$$\varphi$$$, де$$$c\in [-\|\varphi\|_\infty, \|\varphi\|_\infty]$$$задовольняє умову$$\|x_{\pm}\|_{L_p(I_{d})} = \|(\varphi +c)_{\pm}\|_{L_p(I_{2\omega})}\,.$$Як наслідок доведена точна нерівність$$\|x\|_{L_{q}(I_{2 \pi})} \le \frac{\|\varphi_r + c\|_{L_{q}(I_{2 \pi})}}{\|\varphi_r + c\|^{\alpha}_{L_{p}(I_{2 \pi})}} \|x\|^{\alpha}_{L_{p}(I_{2 \pi})} \cdot\|x^{(r)}\|^{1-\alpha}_\infty , \;\;\;\;\; \alpha = (r+1/q)(r+1/p)^{-1}$$на соболєвських класах диференційовних$$$2\pi$$$-періодичних функцій із заданим відношенням$$$L_p$$$-норм додатної і від'ємної частин функції, де$$$\varphi_r-$$$ідеальний сплайн Ейлера порядку$$$r$$$. Крім того, з нерівності (1) виведена нерівність типу Нікольського$$\|T\|_{L_{q}(I_{2 \pi})} \le \left( \frac nm \right)^{\frac1p-\frac1q}\frac{\|\sin (\cdot) + c\|_{L_{q}(I_{2 \pi})}}{\|\sin (\cdot) + c\|_{L_{p}(I_{2 \pi})}}\cdot \|T\|_{L_{p}(I_{2 \pi})}\,,$$на просторах тригонометричних поліномів$$$T$$$порядку$$$\le n$$$з періодом$$$2\pi/m, m\le n$$$, і заданим відношенням$$$L_p$$$-норм додатної і від'ємної частин, і аналогічна нерівність типу Нікольського$$\|s\|_{L_{q}(I_{2 \pi})} \le \left( \frac nm\right)^{\frac1p-\frac1q}\frac{\|\varphi_{ r}  +c\|_{L_{q}(I_{2 \pi})}}{\|\varphi_{ r}  +  c\|_{L_{p}(I_{2 \pi})}}\cdot \|s\|_{L_{p}(I_{2 \pi})}\,,$$на просторах поліноміальних сплайнів$$$s$$$порядку$$$r$$$мінімального дефекту з вузлами в точках$$$k\pi/n$$$,$$$k\in {\rm \bf Z}$$$, та періодом$$$2\pi/m, m\le n$$$, і заданим відношенням$$$L_p$$$-норм додатної і від'ємної частин

Bacterial L-asparaginases and glutamine(asparagine)ases: Some properties, structure and antitumour activity

Experimental material on structurally and functional organization, regulation of biosynthesis and activity, mechanism of action, genetic determinants, heterologous expression of bacterial L-asparaginases is accumulated. The modern approaches to isolation and purification of these enzymes, some questions of practical using in oncology in the schedules combined chemotherapy of leukemia the native and modified forms of L-asparaginases are discussed. The some.results before carried out in the IBMC RAMS and number institutes of the Russia on study bacterial L-asparaginases and glutamine(asparagine)ases are summarized

Bacterial L-asparaginases and glutamine(asparagine)ases: Some properties, structure and antitumour activity

Experimental material on structurally and functional organization, regulation of biosynthesis and activity, mechanism of action, genetic determinants, heterologous expression of bacterial L-asparaginases is accumulated. The modern approaches to isolation and purification of these enzymes, some questions of practical using in oncology in the schedules combined chemotherapy of leukemia the native and modified forms of L-asparaginases are discussed. The some.results before carried out in the IBMC RAMS and number institutes of the Russia on study bacterial L-asparaginases and glutamine(asparagine)ases are summarized

It staff turnover: Causes and management tools

The article is devoted to the analysis of the turnover causes and retention tools for IT specialists during the period of deep transformation of the corresponding segment of the labor market. For companies, a serious challenge is the outflow of highly qualified specialists and a large number of vacancies that stimulate excessive inter-organizational mobility. The purpose of this study is to develop a system of tools that can keep the turnover rates of IT specialists at an acceptable level. The study was conducted in the IT departments of three regional divisions of large federal organizations in December 2022 by the survey method (questionnaire and Exit interview). According to the study, the main quit causes are getting a more interesting offer from another employer and dissatisfaction with wages. The authors proposed the use of retention tools, which are grouped into the following groups: motivating, team-building, career, supportive. The article has practical value, since the presented tools can be used in various organizations to prevent excessive turnover

Clinical case of special legal liability which is the result of a doctor when combination of specialties

We analyzed a forensic case related to an unfavorable outcome of medical care by a pediatrician. One of the reasons for the unfavorable outcome of medical care was the combination of pediatric and pediatric neurology specialties by the doctor, which, according to experts, contributed to an incorrect assessment of the severity of the child's condition and incorrect assessment of general cerebral symptoms and neurological disorders, without proper differentiation. As a result, the diagnostic was not fully provided, and more serious diseases at the time were not excluded. We determined the objective and subjective aspects of liability for combination several specialties. A medical-legal and forensic assessment of a specific unfavorable outcome of medical practice is given. It is concluded that any combination of different specialties by a doctor not only requires additional professional duties but, at the same time, creates additional legal risks in term of criminal law, which should be taken into account by each specialist who has assumed additional obligations

The role of the antisperm antibodies in male infertility assessment after microsurgical varicocelectomy

Antisperm antibodies (ASA) are a cause of male infertility. ASA are often found in varicocele patients. The study objective was to assess the ASA role in fertility recovery after varicocelectomy. The longitudinal study involved 99 patients with varicocele. Patients were examined according to the WHO recommendations; ASA level was measured using the direct method of Sperm MAR test: 66 patients were ASA-negative, 33 had MAR-IgG ≥ 10%. All patients underwent microsurgical varicocelectomy. Student's t-test, Wilcoxon test, Chi-squared test and signed rank test were used for data analysis. The retrospective analysis of all operated patients data showed that the patients without spermiogram improvement after varicocelectomy had higher ASA levels. 3 months after the surgery, the initially ASA-negative varicocele patients demonstrated 2.5 times increase in number of progressive motile spermatozoa in the ejaculate (p 0.05). The main outcome in this group was a favourable response to the surgery (ASA level decrease) vs. no reduction in autoimmune process. The improvement in the ASA-positive group was demonstrated in the patients with higher varicocele grade (median--2 vs. 1; p < 0.05) and lower ASA level (MAR-IgG = 48% vs. 92%; p < 0.01). The pregnancy rate within a year after surgery was 2.8 times more frequent in couples with ASA-negative men: 39% (25 of 65) in the ASA-negative group compared to 14% (4 of 28) in the ASA-positive group (p < 0.05). Thus, antisperm immune response decreases the varicocelectomy efficacy for reproductive function recovery: the higher percentage of ASA and lower grade of varicocele are associated with an unfavourable prognosis. © 2014 American Society of Andrology and European Academy of Andrology