4 research outputs found

    Technological diversity and access of Russian regional enterprises to advanced manufacturing technologies

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    Π€ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ тСхнологичСской Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹ производства ΠΈ Π΅Π΅ систСматичСскоС ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ваТнСйшими Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ укрСплСния конкурСнтоспособности ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… условий устойчивого экономичСского роста. ВмСстС с Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ распространСниС Π² российских Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ… ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… производствСнных Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΡΡ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ использования ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉΡΡ рСсурсной Π±Π°Π·Ρ‹, происходит Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ. Π’ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ рассматриваСтся Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ² использования ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… производствСнных Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π° основС примСнСния синтСтичСской классификации, ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ экономичСского развития - структуру производства ΠΈ занятости ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π’Π ΠŸ с ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° Ρ†Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° взаимосвязь ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-экономичСских условий развития Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… тСхнологичСских ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ„Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Для достиТСния этой Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΈ построСны ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ индСксы тСхнологичСского разнообразия ΠΈ самообСспСчСнности. ИсслСдованиС Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ с использованиСм Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ статистичСского наблюдСния Π·Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ использованиСм ППВ Π·Π° 2011-2018 Π³Π³. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π», Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ являСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ стратСгиСй для Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π° Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² страны. Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, всС Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² (Π·Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ части Π°Π³Ρ€Π°Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ…) Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ растСт спрос Π½Π° Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ российских Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π° Ρ€Ρ‹Π½ΠΎΠΊ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ Π²Ρ‹ΡΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎ образования ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ условии формирования устойчивых ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² трансфСра Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ сСктор экономики. Π£ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² с ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Ρ‹, Π³Π΄Π΅ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹-Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡƒΡŽ связку ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ производствСнной ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ. Π Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ исслСдований Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² посрСдством использования классификаций Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ², сформированных ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠ°ΠΌ, Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-экономичСских условий.The development and renewal of production technologies are among the key factors determining the competitiveness and sustainable economic growth of companies. At the same time, the spread of advanced manufacturing technologies (AMT), influencing the effectiveness of resource potential, is uneven across Russian regions. The paper focuses on the diverse application patterns of advanced manufacturing technologies in the groups of regions, classified depending on key parameters of their economic development, i.e., the structure of production and employment as well as gross regional product (GRP) per capita adjusted for price factor. To examine the relationship between socio-economic parameters of regional development and technological portfolios of local enterprises, we analysed the indices of technological diversity and self- reliance of enterprises. For that purpose, we used the data from the national statistical survey on the development and use of AMT by enterprises for 20112018. The conducted analysis indicates that independent technology development is not a priority for most Russian regions. Moreover, all types of regions (except for some agricultural ones) demonstrate the priority of technology imports. However, the demand for national R&D results is gradually growing and increases opportunities for research and educational institutions to enter the technology market, provided there are sustainable mechanisms for transferring the knowledge to the real economy. Successful examples include the developed regions relying on the extractive and manufacturing industries as well as the areas where leading entities managed to link scientific and industrial components. Future studies can focus on testing the obtained results using classifications based on principles other than the similarity of socio-economic conditions of regions.Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π² Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎ-ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ΅: «ИсслСдованиС ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ статистичСских ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² состояния ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ развития сфСры Π½Π°ΡƒΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉΒ», Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ НИУ Π’Π¨Π­ Π² 2019 Π³. (ГосударствСнный ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ β„– 0373100029519000093 ΠΎΡ‚ 09 сСнтября 2019 Π³.).The paper was written in the scope of research on the topic β€œApproaches to building statistical indicators of current state and dynamics of scientific and technological development” conducted by the HSE in 2019 (state contract No 0373100029519000093 from 09.09.2019)

    Eurasian Economic Union: Achievement and Π‘hallenges of Integration

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    The question of Eurasian integration is of great interest to politicians and academics for many reasons. First, it is the only existing and developing integration association in the former Soviet Union. Second, this association is valid in the neighbourhood of the European Union. Thirdly, this association is close to the sphere of important trade and investment interests of China. And finally, it is important that the EAEU was formed after 2014 β€” the beginning of the β€œsanctions” period in the life of Russia and the world. Integration in the Eurasian space is a unique case when previously closely interconnected countries within the framework of the central planning system, having survived the collapse of the former economic reality and still being in a protracted transformation process, restore their economic ties in a new market environment. In the case of the CIS, reintegration has not developed for some political reasons, despite available economic conditions. In addition to the analysis of macroeconomic and institutional parameters of the countries, the article presents the results of the classification of the regions of four EAEU countries: Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. To optimise the cross-country comparison, we simplified the classification by the peculiarities of the administrative division of other EAEU members

    Enterococcus faecium: from microbiological insights to practical recommendations for infection control and diagnostics

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