Reliability of the Assessment of Water Pollution by Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Phenols Using Some of Total Indices

© 2018, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. The problems of the application of total indices “phenolic index” and “petroleum products” for water quality assessment are considered. It is demonstrated that these indices do not reflect the actual contamination of aquatic media by phenols and petroleum hydrocarbons. The effect of hydrocarbons of different classes on the error in determining petroleum products was revealed. The presence of phenols and other organic compounds was found to affect the results of the determination of the phenolic index. It is necessary to identify pollutants contained in wastewater to assess the applicability of total indices in the analysis of such waters. Marker components of wastewater must be included in the research program, in addition to total indices

Human Capital business and education

Сафарова Р. В. Человеческий капитал предприятия и образование [Текст] / Р. В. Сафарова // Теоретичні і практичні аспекти економіки та інтелектуальної власності = Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Economics and Intellectual Property : збірник наукових праць : у 2-х вип. / ПДТУ. - Мариуполь, 2012. - Вип. 1, Т. 1. - С. 158-162.В статье рассматриваются тенденции роста значимости высшего образования персонала на современном промышленном предприятии и определение роли значимости взаимодействия «предприятие-вуз». Также рассмотрены модели эффективного взаимодействия на примере зарубежных предприятий.У статті розглядаються тенденції зростання значущості вищої освіти персоналу на сучасному промисловому підприємстві і визначення ролі значущості взаємодії «підприємство-вуз». Також розглянуті моделі ефективної взаємодії на прикладі зарубіжних підприємств.The article discusses the importance of growth trends of higher education staff in the modern industrial enterprise and the importance of defining the role of the interaction of "enterprise-university." It is also considered a model of effective interaction in the case of foreign companies

Analysis of options for reducing the duration of simultaneous operations in plastic surgery

The main problem of simultaneous operations is their duration, which, as a rule, is more than 4 hours, which exceeds the allowable time and often causes complications in the postoperative period. Aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of simultaneous operations performed by two surgical teams simultaneously. Material and methods. The object of the study was 24 patients aged 25 to 55 years, who simultaneously underwent classical abdominoplasty with navel transposition and anchor breast lift on implants by one and two surgical teams. The evaluation and comparison of the duration of surgical interventions according to the data of anesthesia charts have been carried out. Further, the assessment of the condition of patients before surgery and for 1 day in the postoperative period was carried out using the questionnaire for assessing the quality of recovery after anesthesia (QOR-40, quality of recovery 40-item questionnaire).Results and discussion. Performing abdominoplasty simultaneously with the correction of the shape and volume of the mammary glands by two surgical teams simultaneously reduces the duration of the intervention by 27 % on average, and therefore the quality of recovery of patients in the postoperative period is signifcantly higher. Prolonged exposure to general anesthesia and other potentially dangerous intraoperative conditions (for example, blood loss, hypotension, hypothermia, infections) interfere with the maintenance of physiological homeostasis by the body. And, therefore, reducing the time of surgery is important to reduce the frequency of complications. In order to minimize the operation time in combined cases of abdominoplasty and breast plastic surgery, it is logical to involve two operating teams at the same time, which reduces the total operating time to 3 hours. Conclusions. Today one of the main methods of solving problems associated with the duration of complex simultaneous operations is the simultaneous coordinated work of two surgical teams to minimize the duration of intervention and reduce postoperative complications

Prognostic Significance of Echocardiographic Characteristics in Patients with Type 2 Myocardial Infarction: comparison with Type 1 Myocardial Infarction

Aim. To outline echocardiographic features and assess their prognostic significance for major cardiovascular adverse events (MACEs) within 12 months in patients with type 2 myocardial infarction (MI), compared to type 1 MI (T1MI).Material and methods. The prospective observational study included 161 MI patients who underwent coronary angiography within 24 hours of admission. Type 2 MI (T2MI) diagnosis aligned with the Fourth Universal Definition. Echocardiography and speckle-tracking echocardiography were performed within 72 hours of hospitalization. MACEs encompassed cardiovascular death, non-fatal MI, non-fatal stroke, and HF-related readmissions. Logistic regression analysis was conducted  to evaluate their associations with the outcomes.Results. T2MI were diagnosed in 74 patients (median age, 65 years; males, 55,4%). During follow up, 18 patients for each MI type experienced at least one MACE event. Left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction (LV ejection fraction [LVEF] <50%) was observed in 41 (55.4%) T2MI patients, compared with 66 (75.9%) T1MI patients (p=0.014). Median LVEF and global longitudinal strain [GLS] were 47.5% and 13.4%, respectively, for T2MI, compared to 45% and 13.9%, respectively, for T1MI (p=0.032 and p=0.332, respectively). LV diastolic dysfunction [DD] was observed in 56 (75.7%) T2MI and 77 (88.5%) T1MI patients. Grade III was more frequent in T2MI in comparison with T1MI (14.9% vs 1.1%, p=0.001, respectively), whereas grade I was more common in T1MI patients (75.9% vs 43.2%, p=0.004, respectively). Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction was observed more frequent in T2MI patients, compared to those with T2MI (52.7% vs. 35.6%, p=0.025, respectively). In univariate analysis, grade III DD was significantly associated with MACEs in T2MI (odds ratio [OR] 5.1, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3–18.5, p=0.017). In multivariate analysis, GLS ≤ 9.6% (OR = 17.3, 95% CI 3.0-99.5, p=0.001), and prior MI (OR = 16.6, 95% CI 1.7–157.6, p=0.015) were significantly associated with a heightened risk of MACEs in T2MI patients.Conclusion. Patients with T2MI had high prevalence of LV and RV dysfunction. Echocardiographic assessments, particularly speckle-tracking echocardiography, hold promise in predicting adverse outcomes for these individuals

Delaminating Intramyocardial Hematoma in Patients with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: а Series of Clinical Cases

Delaminating intramyocardial hematoma (DIMH) is a rare and potentially life-threatening complication of acute myocardial infarction. Currently, only isolated reports of cases of myocardial dissection have been published, and until recently, the diagnosis of DIMH was carried out during autopsy or surgery. The article describes echocardiographic criteria and discusses some aspects of the therapy of this pathology. The description of clinical cases of noninvasive diagnosis of DIMH in men aged 60 and 62 years hospitalized with the clinic of decompensation of chronic heart failure is given. This complication in the presented patients was diagnosed using transthoracic echocardiography, thanks to which it was possible to identify the dissection of the myocardium, as well as to trace the dynamics of the organization of an intramyocardial hematoma into a parietal thrombus. Various approaches to patient management are demonstrated: conservative tactics allowed to successfully stabilize the course of chronic heart failure in the first patient, while the condition of the other required the transplantation of a donor heart a few months after discharge from the hospital

Dependence of Structure and Properties of Al0,3CoCrFeNi on Heat Treatment Parameters

В работе изучена термическая стабильность высокоэнтропийного сплава (ВЭС) Al0,3CoCrFeNi после холодной пластической деформации. Результаты этого исследования позволяют судить о стабильности фаз в деформированных ВЭС в зависимости от температуры.In this work, the thermal stability of the high-entropy alloy (HEA) Al0,3CoCrFeNi after cold plastic deformation has been studied. The results of this study make it possible to judge the stability in deformed HEA as a function of temperature.Исследование выполнено в соответствии с Федеральным заданием Министерства образования и науки РФ (проект FSUN-2020-0014 (2019-0931)): «Исследования метастабильных структур, формируемых на поверхностях и границах раздела материалов при экстремальном внешнем воздействии». Исследование проведено на оборудовании «ЦКП Структура, механические и физические свойства материалов» НГТУ (№ 13.ЦКП. 21.0034, 075-15-2021-698).The study was carried out in accordance with the Federal Task of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (FSUN project‑2020-0014 (2019–0931)): “Studies of metastable structures formed on surfaces and interfaces of materials under extreme external influence”. The study was carried out on the equipment “CCP Structure, mechanical and physical properties of materials” of NSTU (No. 13.CCP.21.0034, 075-15-2021-698)

Analysis of production levels of InlA and InlB invasion factors in Listeria monocytogenes isolates collected in the Russian Federation

Background. Listeria monocytogenes is characterized by the presence of epidemic hypervirulent clones. A key feature of L. monocytogenes is its capacity to invade non-professional phagocytic cells. Hypervirulent clones are strongly associated with the increased production and/or the presence of certain isoforms of invasion factors InlA and InlB. The purpose of the study is to create a test system for InlA and InlB detection and to measure the InlA and InlB production levels in L. monocytogenes isolates belonging to clonal groups with different virulence potential. Materials and methods. The study was performed using 32 L. monocytogenes strains belonging to epidemic clones ECII, ECIV, ECVII (clonal complexes CC1, CC2, CC7) and hypovirulent clonal complex CC9. Sequencing of inlA and inlB genes was performed. The indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to analyze the production levels of InlA and InlB proteins. Results. The variability of InlA was revealed among strains belonging to the same clonal complex: 3 InlA isoforms were identified among strains belonging to CC7; out of 8 strains belonging to CC9, one strain had a stop codon in the inlA gene, leading to the loss of function of the InlA protein. The differences between inlB alleles correlated with the specificity of strains belonging to a certain clonal complex. Differences in production levels of invasion factors were measured. In strains belonging to CC9, the InlA production level was 2.5 times as low compared to strains belonging to CC1, CC2, and CC7. In strains belonging to phylogenetically related CC1 and CC2, the InlB production level was on average 4 times as high compared to strains belonging to CC7 and CC9. Conclusion. The obtained results confirm the variability of major invasion factors both among clonal complexes and strains of the same complex. The increased production of invasion factors InlA and InlB correlates with the potential virulence of strains

Leading Factors of Progression in Patients with Cardiac Amyloidosis

Aim. To describe prognostic meaning of cardiac and other principal clinical manifestations of systemic AL-amyloidosis in their interrelations.Material and methods. It has been made long-time survival analysis of 147 patients with systemic AL-amyloidosis. In the special investigation group (n=58) of AL (n=55) and ATTR (n=3) amyloidotic cardiopathy patients there were evaluated prognostically important structural and functional changes in myocardium with standard and impulse-wave tissue dopplerometric echocardiography in comparison with NTproBNP serum levels.Results. Even though significantly increased nowadays surviving of AL-amylodotic patients (Me=90 months) it has been found that as at previously time orthostatic hypotension and amyloid cardiopathy are being most severe initial syndromes (median 25 months), but after 1 year from diagnosis influence of these syndromes on surviving had decreased and most low surviving was more common in patients with CKD 3-5 (median 28 months). Influence of CKD 3-5 on surviving was associated predominantly with intracardial hemodynamics deterioration. Together with decreased systolic shortening strain rate (48,5%) decreased filtration rate (47,9%) was second of main factors contributing into NTproBNP increasing in effective multiple regression model (R=0,702, F(4,21)=5,095, p=0,005). NTproBNP level in less degree depended on renal clearance.Conclusion. Heart damage is one of the most prognostically unfavorable manifestations of systemic amyloidosis due to a sharp deterioration in the elastic properties of the myocardium, in the process of further development of amyloidosis, the leading factor in progression is the deterioration of the profile of cardiorenal interactions, the marker of which is the level of NTproBNP

Integral assessment of congestion in patients with acute decompensated heart failure

Aim. To assess the prognostic value of the integral assessment using various modern methods for diagnosing congestion in patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF).Material and methods. This single-center prospective study included 165 patients with ADHF. All patients underwent a standard clinical and paraclinical examination, including assessing NT-proBNP levels, lung ultrasound B-lines, liver transient elastography, bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) at admission and discharge. To assess clinical congestion, the Heart Failure Association consensus document scale was used. Long-term clinical outcomes were assessed by telephone survey 1, 3, 6, 12 months after discharge. As an end point, the allcause mortality and readmissions were estimated.Results. In patients hospitalized with ADHF, at discharge, differences were found in the incidence of residual congestion according to certain paraclinical methods — from 22 to 38%, subclinical — from 14,5 to 27%. When using the integral assessment of stagnation, the incidence of residual and subclinical congestion was 53,6% and 35%, respectively. Patients with residual congestion had more severe symptoms of congestion, compared with those with subclinical congestion. Patients in whom congestion was detected by 4 methods, in contrast to those by 1, 2, and 3 methods, had worse clinical and paraclinical parameters. There was a significant increase in the risk of all-cause mortality and readmission in the presence of congestion, identified by 3 (hazard ratio, 9,4 (2,2-40,6); p<0,001) and 4 methods (hazard ratio, 15,2 (3,3-68,1); p<0,001).Conclusion. For patients hospitalized with ADHF, integral assessment of residual and subclinical congestion at should be performed at discharge. The introduction of an integral assessment of congestion into routine practice will allow to identify a group of patients with more unfavorable prognostic characteristics in relation to the risk of death and readmissions, as well as to intensify drug therapy and followup at the outpatient stage

The role of anatomical and topographic features of angioarchitectonics and nerve gliding for its recovery

In the modern concept of treatment of patients with injuries of peripheral nerves, the main thing is to understand the mechanism of its sliding and the peculiarities of blood supply. Studying the nerve topographic anatomy, we are convinced that the mobility of the nerve exists not only in relation to the tissues surrounding it, but also at the level of its inner bundles. In this article, we report on the different degree of nerve mobility depending on its location zone, and that the ulnar and median nerves have the highest degree of mobility at the level of the forearm distal third. To calculate the change in the glide of the nerves, a mathematical model was constructed to measure their mobility during flexion and extension in the elbow joint, allowing to personalize the flap plasty depending on the length of the autograph vascular pedicle. The anatomical and topographic features of the angioarchitectonics of the nerve at various levels were studied, the presence and variability of the location of the vascular pedicle of blood-supplied autografts were studied. The obtained knowledge is necessary for carrying out revascularization of the damaged nerve zone with various types of autografts with autonomous blood flow. Conclusions. Knowledge of the anatomical and topographic features of peripheral nerves, their blood supply and mobility is necessary for their recovery for various injuries