A Literature Review on various Ayurveda Dosage forms

Ayurvedic medicines are intended for internal and external use, for or in the diagnosis, treatment, mitigation or prevention of disease or disorder in human beings or animals. Traditional medicine is finding more significance and application today, particularly when we are facing difficulty in the management of numerous medical conditions. Ayurveda is an ancient system of medical science which elucidates about the different forms of dosage, which is the physical form of a medication deliberate for administration. As per Ayurveda the different types of dosage forms can be prepared by the Vaidya (physician) according to Yukti (solution by scientific logic), Seeing Samyog, Vishesha, Kala and Samskara. Different types of dosage forms have been described in the Ayurvedic text. These all are classified in to different types such as Aushadha Kalpana, Aahara Kalpana, and Bahya and Abhyantara Kalpana, including solid, liquid and semisolid forms, As well as their sources also such as plant, animal and mineral origin. The Dosage forms are mainly pre medicated to increase shelf life, palatability and to potency. These all can be used for both purposes internally and externally. Few of the dosage forms of them have been described mainly based on the physical mode of medicine, its uses and advantages

Concept & utility of Nanotechnology in the standardization of Rasadravya

The ancient application of nanomedicine in the form of Ayurvedic Bhasma throws a light on the safer usage of present nanomedicine for a living being and the environment. The use of nanoparticulate metals in therapeutics has been a common practice in Ayurveda. All Bhasma have some common properties such as Rasayana (immunomodulation & anti-aging quality), Yogavahi (target drug delivery), Alpamatra (prescribed in minute doses), Shigravyapi (spreads quickly and fast acting) and Agnideepana (increases metabolism at cellular level and acts as catalyst). Bhasma can be employed for selective/ targeted/controlled drug delivery as they are biocompatible, nontoxic, and nonantigenic in nature. Bhasma is biologically produced nanoparticles with quick and targeted action. E.g Gold nanoparticles in Swarna Bhasma. Ayurvedic Bhasma is considered very safe and economical in comparison to contemporary metal based nanomedicines. The benefits of nanomedicines are indubitable and unstoppable, nevertheless, and safety- related studies should also be carried out rigorously and planned in order to provide guidelines for safer manufacturing practices, keeping care of ecology, and environment. Hence, Ayurvedic Bhasma may hold strong relevance in the emerging era of nanomedicine and can serve as an excellent template for the development of nanomedicine for an efficient therapeutic cure

Constraint on the QED Vertex from the Mass Anomalous Dimension γm=1\gamma_m = 1

We discuss the structure of the non-perturbative fermion-boson vertex in quenched QED. We show that it is possible to construct a vertex which not only ensures that the fermion propagator is multiplicatively renormalizable, obeys the appropriate Ward-Takahashi identity, reproduces perturbation theory for weak couplings and guarantees that the critical coupling at which the mass is dynamically generated is gauge independent but also makes sure that the value for the anomalous dimension for the mass function is strictly 1, as Holdom and Mahanta have proposed.Comment: 8 pages, LaTeX, October 199

Management of Horse Shoe Fistula-In-Ano by IFTAK technique : A Case Study

Bhagandara is a notorious disorder because of its high recurrence rate and it is difficult to treat. In modern parlance it is corelated with Fistula in Ano. It is caused by cryptoglandular infection of Anal crypts. This case study was presented on a female patient aged 26 years. She was suffering from Fistula In Ano since 2 years and was operated for 3 times. An Innovative technique ‘IFTAK’ was adopted in her case for Ksharasutra application. Regular antiseptic dressing was done with Jatyadi oil daily. Patient completely cured within 1 month 21 days of procedure. Ksharasutra application by IFTAK technique is very effective in case of Horse Shoe shaped Fistula-in-Ano causing minimal scar formation,cost effective, and less time taking

Surgical management of complex Fistula-in-ano (Bhagandara) by Sphincter Preserving Technique (with Ksharasutra Therapy) - A Case Study

Surgical management of complex fistula-in-ano is difficult and it is a challenge to any surgeon because there is high chances of recurrence and fear of incontinence due to injury of anal sphincteric muscles during surgical intervention. Sushruta has developed many surgical procedures, Ksharasutra is one of them. It is a medicated alkaline thread, which cut the fistulous tract slowly and gradually followed by healing. It also helps in draining pus from fistulous tract. Its treatment is still a challenge to the surgeons because of its high reoccurrence rate. So, the main goals for the treatment of Fisutula-inAno are preservation of continence, cicatrisation as possible due to low rate of recurrence. In Ayurveda, Ksharasutra therapy could reduce recurrence with success rate of 96.67%. A 30 years/male came to Shalya OPD with complaints of intermittent watery discharge from perianal region. After local examination and investigations he diagnosed as a case of Fistula-in-ano. He got operated thrice already for this complaint. He was put on for Ksharasutra therapy and the patient got cured from fistula with no complications. Therefore, the Ayurvedic surgery has shown potential for larger public health benefits for such type of cases

Violation of supersymmetric equivalence in R parity violating couplings

In this paper we consider the violation of supersymmetric equvalence among the R parity violating couplings $lamabda_{ijk}$ caused by widely split chiral supermultiplets. We find that if $\lambda^{\prime}_{2jk}=g$ and $\lambda^{\prime}_{1jk}=e$ then the violation of SUSY equivalence is of the order of $5-6$ in heavy SQCD models. On the other hand if $\lambda^{\prime}_{3jk}=g$ and $\lambda_{ijk}=e$ then the violation of SUSY equivalence can be as large as 9.4% in 2-1 models.Comment: Plain Tex, 7 pages, no figure

Soil Enzymes: Indicator for Soil Health under Fruit based Agri-Horti System

Agroforestry as a sustainable land management system, which increases the yield of the land, combines production of crops (including tree crops) and forest plants and/or animals simultaneously or sequentially. Among the different agroforestry system practices in hill area agri-horti system is one of the most important system because of its specific environmental conditions and natural availability of wide range of fruit trees (citrus, apple, walnut, plum, peach, pear, apricot etc.). In Northwestern hill region viz. Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir horticulture is the backbone of these states economy which supports about 1.5-2.0 million families and, provides direct or indirect employment to 8-10 million peoples with revenue of more than 1 billion $ (USD) annually. In several studies it was reported that plant’s active root system releases about 17% of photosynthate detained in the form of organic compounds into the rhizosphere, most of which is available to the plant by the different soil microbial activities. The soil enzymatic activity play a significant role in efficient utilization of natural resources through agri-horti production system to enhance the soil sustainability and system productivity by the mechanisms of organic matter decomposition, soil stabilization, nutrient cycling, catalyzing several biochemical reactions in the soil system1,2. In recent years, studies soil enzymes activity have engaged the attention of many researchers. However, most of these studies are confined to agricultural cropping systems3 and forest ecosystems but, information regarding those under temperate fruit crops like peach, pear, apricot, lemon, plum etc., are very limited. The hypothesis of this experiment was that the different temperate fruit crops could have differential microbial activity in the rhizospheric soil (surface and sub-surface), influenced by management practice as well as quality of litter fall and root exudates. We assume that information produced from this study will help in understanding of microbial mediated nutrient dynamics and their management under temperate fruit crops in N-W hilly area

Z boson pair production at LHC in a stabilized Randall-Sundrum scenario

We study the Z boson pair production at LHC in the Randall-Sundrum scenario with the Goldberger-Wise stabilization mechanism. It is shown that comprehensive account of the Kaluza-Klein graviton and radion effects is crucial to probe the model: The KK graviton effects enhance the cross section of $g g \to Z Z$ on the whole so that the resonance peak of the radion becomes easy to detect, whereas the RS effects on the $q\bar{q} \to Z Z$ process are rather insignificant. The $p_T$ and invariant-mass distributions are presented to study the dependence of the RS model parameters. The production of longitudinally polarized Z bosons, to which the SM contributions are suppressed, is mainly due to KK gravitons and the radion, providing one of the most robust methods to signal the RS effects. The $1 \sigma$ sensitivity bounds on $(\Lambda_\pi, m_\phi)$ with $k/M_{\rm Pl} =0.1$ are also obtained such that the effective weak scale $\Lambda_\pi$ of order 5 TeV can be experimentally probed.Comment: 28 pages, LaTex file, 18 eps figure