Синтез толстослойных термостойких оксидных покрытий для защиты констуркционных сплавов

The technology of producing composite ceramic coating based on zirconium dioxide has been developed. The method includes applying a ceramic material to metal substrates with a specially prepared surface. The sample is dried, calcined and sintered at 1200°С in vacuum

СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ОЦЕНКА БОЛИ И КАЧЕСТВА ЖИЗНИ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ ПОСЛЕ ОТКРЫТОЙ И ВИДЕОАССИСТИРОВАННОЙ ЛОБЭКТОМИИ ПО ПОВОДУ РАКА ЛЕГКОГО

The pain and pain syndrome remain to be serious problems of clinical medicine and surgery as one of its aspects. The positive correlation was found out between the type of surgery and post-operative pain in abdominal, thoracic and orthopedic surgeries. Materials and methods. Results of a questionnaire survey in 130 patients were analyzed; from 2015 to 2017 all those patients had lobectomies for lung cancer using video-assisted thoracoscopic or open accesses in the Thoracic Department of Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology. The intensity of pain and life quality in the post-operative period were assessed using visual analogue scales, the Wong-Baker FACES pain rating scale, verbal rating scales, and McGill pain questionnaire. In order to assess life quality, the non-specific questionnaire of SF-36 was used in the cancer patients and those enrolled in the clinical studies of EORTC QLQ-C30 including the special module of QLQ-LC13 for lung cancer patients. The obtained results were analyzed and it was found out that intensity of pain was statistically significantly lower in video-assisted thoracoscopic access versus thoracotomy (U = 678.00; p < 0.05). When using the questionnaires of SF-36 (U = 8,742.50; p < 0.05) and EORTC QLQ-C30 (U = 3,759.00; p < 0.05) and the special module of QLQ-LC13 for lung cancer (U = 4,243.00; p < 0.05), the obtained data also indicated the better life quality and functions, reduction of pathologic manifestations versus open surgical access. Conclusion: Reduction in the pain intensity and higher life quality were typical of surgeries with use of video-assisted thoracoscopic technologies versus classical open access. Боль и болевой синдром остаются серьезными проблемами клинической медицины и ее хирургического раздела. При абдоминальных, торакальных и ортопедических операциях была выявлена положительная корреляция между типом операции и послеоперационной болью. Материал и методы. Проанализированы результаты анкетирования и опроса 130 больных, которым проведено хирургическое лечение в объеме лобэктомии по поводу рака легкого с использованием видеоторакоскопического и классического доступов в торакальном отделении ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н. Н. Петрова» МЗ РФ с 2015 по 2017 г. Выполнена сравнительная оценка интенсивности боли и качества жизни в послеоперационном периоде с использованием визуальной аналоговой шкалы (ВАШ), визуальной мимической шкалы Вонга ‒ Бэкера (лицевая шкала боли), вербальной рейтинговой шкалы, болевого опросника Мак-Гилла. Для оценки качества жизни использовали неспецифический опросник SF-36, опросник для оценки качества жизни у больных, страдающих онкологическими заболеваниями и участвующих в клинических исследованиях EORTC QLQ-C30 со специализированным модулем для больных раком легкого QLQ-LC13. Результаты анализа полученных данных продемонстрировали наличие статистически значимого уменьшения интенсивности боли при применении видеоторакоскопического доступа в сравнении с торакотомическим доступом (U = 678,00; p < 0,05). Полученные данные также свидетельствуют о более высоком качестве жизни и функционирования, уменьшении патологических симптомов в группе с полностью видеоторакоскопическим доступом в сравнении с классическим при использовании опросников SF-36 (U = 8 742,50; p < 0,05) и EORTC QLQ-C30 (U = 3 759,00; p < 0,05) и модуля для рака легкого QLQ-LC13 (U = 4 243,00; p < 0,05). Вывод. Операции, выполненные с использованием видеоторакоскопических технологий, характеризуются снижением интенсивности боли, а также более высоким качеством жизни в сравнении с классическим подходом.

Sunshine as culprit: It induces early spring physiological drought in dark coniferous (Pinus sibirica and Abies sibirica) alpine forest

Trees comprising high mountain forests have different requirements for site conditions (such as the water supply), thus current climate warming leads to varying reactions of upper forest boundaries depending on the site conditions and ecophysiological features of species. Positive reactions to an increasing heat supply during vegetative season may be hindered for drought-sensitive species by a water deficit in a cold environment, particularly during late winter or early spring. We investigated the radial growth of dark coniferous forest species Siberian stone pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour) and Siberian fir (Abies sibirica Ledeb.) growing on slopes of different orientation (south-west, east, and north) near the upper forest boundary in an area undergoing fast climate warming: the Western Sayan Mountains (South Siberia, Russia), near a massive water reservoir. Correlations of tree-ring width chronologies with moving 21-day temperature series were used to more precisely determine the timing of temperature influence; an analysis of extreme and optimal years and multifactor regression modeling were applied to assess the most favorable/unfavorable thermal conditions in the study area and to estimate the tree growth reaction to the current climatic trends, respectively. Despite relatively low variation in growth (standard deviation <0.2), a significant common climatic signal in tree-ring width was found at all sampling sites. On the shaded northern slopes, P. sibirica is only mildly limited by summer temperatures and has a low similarity (correlations and synchronicity of extreme/optimal years) with other sites. Conversely, the growth of A. sibirica and P. sibirica on two sunlit slopes is similar (r = 0.44–0.81) and has a common pattern of regulation by temperatures before (r = −0.17…−80.40; April 3 – May 4 on average) and more significantly during vegetative season (r = 0.31…0.44; May 17 – August 27 on average). We hypothesize that both species, being drought-sensitive, undergo water stress in the early spring, and exposition of previous years’ needles to severe temperature variation may lead to partial defoliation and xylem embolism, thus suppressing growth. The patterns of climatic response and species distribution on slopes indicate that A. sibirica is more sensitive to this physiological drought and needs gentler slopes than P. sibirica. Temperature increase in the study area during the last decades have occured about five times faster in the early spring (being enhanced by the reservoir) than in summer. This combination of spring and summer warming leads to an increase in P. sibirica radial growth on the northern slope and the stable growth of both species on sunlit slopes, i.e. providing a tentatively optimistic assessment of the dark coniferous forests’ near future in the region

COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF PAIN AND LIFE QUALITY IN THE PATIENTS AFTER OPEN AND VIDEO-ASSISTED LOBECTOMY FOR LUNG CANCER

The pain and pain syndrome remain to be serious problems of clinical medicine and surgery as one of its aspects. The positive correlation was found out between the type of surgery and post-operative pain in abdominal, thoracic and orthopedic surgeries. Materials and methods. Results of a questionnaire survey in 130 patients were analyzed; from 2015 to 2017 all those patients had lobectomies for lung cancer using video-assisted thoracoscopic or open accesses in the Thoracic Department of Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology. The intensity of pain and life quality in the post-operative period were assessed using visual analogue scales, the Wong-Baker FACES pain rating scale, verbal rating scales, and McGill pain questionnaire. In order to assess life quality, the non-specific questionnaire of SF-36 was used in the cancer patients and those enrolled in the clinical studies of EORTC QLQ-C30 including the special module of QLQ-LC13 for lung cancer patients. The obtained results were analyzed and it was found out that intensity of pain was statistically significantly lower in video-assisted thoracoscopic access versus thoracotomy (U = 678.00; p &lt; 0.05). When using the questionnaires of SF-36 (U = 8,742.50; p &lt; 0.05) and EORTC QLQ-C30 (U = 3,759.00; p &lt; 0.05) and the special module of QLQ-LC13 for lung cancer (U = 4,243.00; p &lt; 0.05), the obtained data also indicated the better life quality and functions, reduction of pathologic manifestations versus open surgical access. Conclusion: Reduction in the pain intensity and higher life quality were typical of surgeries with use of video-assisted thoracoscopic technologies versus classical open access