918,363 research outputs found
Unconstrained Astrometric Orbits for Hipparcos Stars with Stochastic Solutions
A considerable number of astrometric binaries whose positions on the sky do
not obey the standard model of mean position, parallax and linear proper
motion, were observed by the Hipparcos satellite. Some of them remain
non-discovered, and their observational data have not been properly processed
with the more adequate astrometric model that includes nonlinear orbital
motion. We develop an automated algorithm based on "genetic optimization", to
solve the orbital fitting problem with no prior information about the orbital
elements is available (from, e.g., spectroscopic data or radial velocity
monitoring). We test this method on Hipparcos stars with known orbital
solutions in the catalog, and further apply it to stars with stochastic
solutions, which may be unresolved binaries. At a confidence level of 99%,
orbital fits are obtained for 65 stars, most of which have not been known as
binary. A few of the new probable binaries with A-type primaries with periods
444-2015 d are chemically peculiar stars, including Ap and \lambda Boo type.
The anomalous spectra of these stars are explained as admixture of the light
from the unresolved, sufficiently bright and massive companions. We estimate
the apparent orbits of four stars which have been identified as members of the
300 Myr-old UMa kinematic group. Another four new nearby binaries may include
low-mass M-type or brown dwarf companions. Similar astrometric models and
algorithms can be used for binary stars and planet hosts observed by SIM
PlanetQuest and Gaia
F-electron spectral function of the Falicov-Kimball model in infinite dimensions: the half-filled case
The f-electron spectral function of the Falicov-Kimball model is calculated
via a Keldysh-based many-body formalism originally developed by Brandt and
Urbanek. We provide results for both the Bethe lattice and the hypercubic
lattice at half filling. Since the numerical computations are quite sensitive
to the discretization along the Kadanoff-Baym contour and to the maximum cutoff
in time that is employed, we analyze the accuracy of the results using a
variety of different moment sum-rules and spectral formulas. We find that the
f-electron spectral function has interesting temperature dependence becoming a
narrow single-peaked function for small U and developing a gap, with two
broader peaks for large U.Comment: (13 pages, 11 figures, typeset in RevTex 4
A heuristic optimization method for mitigating the impact of a virus attack
Taking precautions before or during the start of a virus outbreak can heavily
reduce the number of infected. The question which individuals should be
immunized in order to mitigate the impact of the virus on the rest of
population has received quite some attention in the literature. The dynamics of
the of a virus spread through a population is often represented as information
spread over a complex network. The strategies commonly proposed to determine
which nodes are to be selected for immunization often involve only one
centrality measure at a time, while often the topology of the network seems to
suggest that a single metric is insufficient to capture the influence of a node
entirely.
In this work we present a generic method based on a genetic algorithm (GA)
which does not rely explicitly on any centrality measures during its search but
only exploits this type of information to narrow the search space. The fitness
of an individual is defined as the estimated expected number of infections of a
virus following SIR dynamics. The proposed method is evaluated on two contact
networks: the Goodreau's Faux Mesa high school and the US air transportation
network. The GA method manages to outperform the most common strategies based
on a single metric for the air transportation network and its performance is
comparable with the best performing strategy for the high school network.Comment: To appear in the proceedings of the International Conference on
Computational Science (ICCS) in Barcelona. 11 pages, 5 figure
High-temperature expansions through order 24 for the two-dimensional classical XY model on the square lattice
The high-temperature expansion of the spin-spin correlation function of the
two-dimensional classical XY (planar rotator) model on the square lattice is
extended by three terms, from order 21 through order 24, and analyzed to
improve the estimates of the critical parameters.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure
Critical exponents of the O(N) model in the infrared limit from functional renormalization
We determined the critical exponent of the scalar O(N) model with a
strategy based on the definition of the correlation length in the infrared
limit. The functional renormalization group treatment of the model shows that
there is an infrared fixed point in the broken phase. The appearing degeneracy
induces a dynamical length scale there, which can be considered as the
correlation length. It is shown that the IR scaling behavior can account either
for the Ising type phase transition in the 3-dimensional O(N) model, or for the
Kosterlitz-Thouless type scaling of the 2-dimensional O(2) model.Comment: final version, 7 pages 7 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.
Bias-induced insulator-metal transition in organic electronics
We investigate the bias-induced insulator-metal transition in organic
electronics devices, on the basis of the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model combined
with the non-equilibrium Green's function formalism. The insulator-metal
transition is explained with the energy levels crossover that eliminates the
Peierls phase and delocalizes the electron states near the threshold voltage.
This may account for the experimental observations on the devices that exhibit
intrinsic bistable conductance switching with large on-off ratio.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures. To appear in Applied Physics Letter
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