Содержание фактора активации тромбоцитов в плазме крови больных бронхиальной астмой. Влияние тромбоцитафереза

Levels of serum PA F were investigated in patients with various bronchial asthma (BA) forms and in various forms of the clinical manifestation of the disease before and after plateletapheresis (PtA). 15 patients with BA (9 atopic and 6 aspirin-sensitive ones) and 4 healthy donors were examined. The examination demonstrated that only tracks of PA F in the healthy donors are registered but in BA patients the PAF levels were significantly increased. It was found, that in patients with atopic BA the PAF levels were almost by two times higher than in aspirinic BA ones. Moreover, the PAF level in a great extent depends on the disease degree. The serum PAF level was decreased in 42% in average after trobmocytapheresis.The study demonstrates the features of thrombocytapheresis action and develops the imagination about its action mechanisms.Исследовался уровень фактора активации тромбоцитов (ФАТ) в крови больных различными формами бронхиальной астмы разной степени тяжести и влияние тромбоцитафереза на этот показатель. Обследовано 15 больных с БА (9 с атопической и 6 с аспириновой) и 4 здоровых донора. Исследования показали, что в крови здоровых доноров регистрируются лишь следы ФАТ, тогда как у больных БА содержание ФАТ значительно повышено. Выявлено, что у больных аспириновой астмой уровень ФАТ почти в 2 раза ниже, чем в группе больных атопической астмой. Кроме того, чем тяж елее протекает заболевание, тем вы ш е уровень ФАТ. После тромбоцитафереза уровень ФАТ в крови больных, получавших данную терапию , снизился в среднем на 42%.Исследования раскрывают особенности действия тромбоцитафереза, углубляют представления о механизме действия этой процедуры

Эффекты ингаляционного и внутривенного введения аллогенных мезенхимальных стромальных клеток костного мозга в блеомицин-индуцированной модели легочного фиброза у кроликов

Aim: to perform a comparative analysis of the effi cacy of the inhaled and intravenous delivery of equivalent doses of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) in rabbits according to the standard model of bleomycin pulmonary fi brosis.Materials and methods. After bronchoscopic instillation of bleomycin, 5 rabbits received intravenous transplantation of 2 × 106 allogeneic BMMSCs, other 5 rabbits – 2 × 107 MSCs inhaled via compressor nebulizer; control healthy and bleomycin group included 5 animals each.Results. Both groups treated with BMMSCs had a signifi cantly lower Ashcroft fi brosis index than the bleomycin control group. Expression of collagen in lung tissue in all groups with bleomycin injury was superior to healthy controls, but in animals underwent intravenous BMMSC transplantation collagen score was 0.74 points, and in inhaled treated group – 0.51 points, while in bleomycin controls – 2.1 point. Levels of TNF-α and TGF-β1 in BAL fl uids tended to decrease in treatment groups, but did not differ signifi cantly from control. A similar picture was observed in the cytological analysis of BAL.Conclusion. In general, both methods of delivering of BMMSCs to the lungs demonstrated similar therapeutic effects in inhibiting the development of experimental fi brosis, indicating that both intravenous and inhalational way of introduction can be used for subsequent clinical studies. Проведен сравнительный анализ эффективности ингаляционного и внутривенного пути доставки эквивалентных доз мезенхимальных стромальных клеток костного мозга у кроликов на стандартной модели блеомицинового легочного фиброза. После бронхоскопической инсталляции блеомицина в заднюю правую долю 5 кроликов получили внутривенную трансплантацию 2 × 106 аллогенных МСК, 5 – 2 × 107 МСК ингаляционно через компрессорный небулайзер; по 5 животных использовались в качестве здорового и блеомицинового контроля без лечения.Результаты. Обе группы, получавшие лечение МСК, имели достоверно более низкий индекс фиброза по морфометрической шкале Эшкрофта, чем контрольная группа блеомицинового фиброза. Экспрессия коллагена в ткани легких была существенно выше во всех группах с блеомициновой травмой, но у животных, подвергшихся внутривенной трансплантации МСК, она составила 0,79 балла, а при ингаляционном введении – 0,51 балла, тогда как группа блеомицина без лечения – 2,1 балла. Уровни TNF-α и TGF-β1в жидкости БАЛ имели тенденцию к уменьшению в группах лечения, но достоверно не различались от контроля. Похожая картина имела место при цитологическом анализе БАЛ.Выводы. В целом оба метода доставки клеточного материала в легкие продемонстрировали сходные терапевтические эффекты в отношении сдерживания развития экспериментального фиброза, существенно не отличаясь между собой, что свидетельствует о возможности использования как внутривенного, так и ингаляционного пути введения для последующих клинических исследований.

2020 Clinical guidelines for Atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter

Russian Society of Cardiology (RSC).With the participation of Russian Scientific Society of Clinical Electrophysiology, Arrhythmology and Cardiac Pacing, Russian Association of Cardiovascular Surgeons.Approved by the Scientific and Practical Council of the Russian Ministry of Health

Dispersion of sound in turbulent flow /

Prepared for the National Science Foundation Russian Science Translation-Dictionary Project, Columbia University.Translated from Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 90, 159-62 (1953)--title page."November 1953."Includes bibliographical references (page 5).Mode of access: Internet

Observational study of the use of 7% sodium chloride solution combined with 0,1% hyaluronic acid in therapy of adults with cystic fibrosis

A non-interventional prospective cohort study was conducted on adult patients with cystic fibrosis, who received mucolytic therapy with 7% NaCl solution combined with 0.1% hyaluronic acid (medical product Hyaneb) and 7% NaCl solution for 4 and 8 weeks. Materials and methods: A total of 24 CF patients over 18 years old were enrolled in the study. A comparative analysis of respiratory function, therapy satisfaction, efficacy and safety of treatment was conducted following 4 weeks of therapy in 7% NaCl Solution Group (n = 12) and MP Hyaneb Group (n = 12), and the dynamics of these parameters was assessed against the background of the use of MP Hyaneb for 8 weeks (n = 12). Results: At week 4 of treatment, a significantly smaller number of patients complained of nasal congestion, ears and or accumulation of mucus in the throat and chest, irritation of the throat and unpleasant taste in the MP Hyaneb Group. No significant differences in the onset and increase in the intensity of cough were achieved. No significant differences between the groups in terms of spirometry parameters were identified. Findings: MP Hyaneb showed the best tolerability compared to 7% NaCl solution in adult patients with cystic fibrosis. The use of MP Hyaneb reduces the frequency and severity of irritation of the pharyngeal mucosa, cough and nasal congestion following administration for one month

Effects of inhalation and intravenous administration of allogeneic mesenchymal bone marrow stromal cells in a bleomycin-induced model of pulmonary fibrosis in rabbits

Aim: to perform a comparative analysis of the effi cacy of the inhaled and intravenous delivery of equivalent doses of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) in rabbits according to the standard model of bleomycin pulmonary fi brosis.Materials and methods. After bronchoscopic instillation of bleomycin, 5 rabbits received intravenous transplantation of 2 × 106 allogeneic BMMSCs, other 5 rabbits – 2 × 107 MSCs inhaled via compressor nebulizer; control healthy and bleomycin group included 5 animals each.Results. Both groups treated with BMMSCs had a signifi cantly lower Ashcroft fi brosis index than the bleomycin control group. Expression of collagen in lung tissue in all groups with bleomycin injury was superior to healthy controls, but in animals underwent intravenous BMMSC transplantation collagen score was 0.74 points, and in inhaled treated group – 0.51 points, while in bleomycin controls – 2.1 point. Levels of TNF-α and TGF-β1 in BAL fl uids tended to decrease in treatment groups, but did not differ signifi cantly from control. A similar picture was observed in the cytological analysis of BAL.Conclusion. In general, both methods of delivering of BMMSCs to the lungs demonstrated similar therapeutic effects in inhibiting the development of experimental fi brosis, indicating that both intravenous and inhalational way of introduction can be used for subsequent clinical studies