Research notes: Distant hybrids of soybean

In the process of soybean selection a number of hybrids were obtained through crossing of wild (Glycine ussuriensis R. et Maack) and semicultured (Glycine gracilis Skvortz) soybean with a number of distinct and prospective varieties. The results showed that cultured varieties have good crossing with wild and semicultured soybean and the ovary percentage of hybrid soybean is rather high (Table 1). The hybrids obtained have a number of advantages

Оказание экстренной помощи больным с заболеваниями органов дыхания: 5-летний опыт скорой медицинской помощи Екатеринбурга

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Функциональная и рентгенологическая оценка респираторной системы у пациентов с нарушениями диффузионной способности легких в постковидном периоде

The objective: to evaluate functional and radiological data of the respiratory system assessment in patients with impaired lung diffusion capacity in the post-COVID period.Subjects and Methods. Clinical, functional and radiological data were analyzed and compared in the patients divided into two groups according to the degree of lung diffusion capacity (LDC) impairment measured by carbon monoxide (Dlco) after 180 (135–196) days from the onset of acute symptoms of COVID-19: Group 1 included patients with Dlco of 80–60%, and Group 2 included patients with Dlco less than 60%. The lung functions were assessed by spirometry, body plethysmography and the Dlco level measurement. The data of CT scans of patients performed in the acute period of COVID-19, after 93 (89–103) days and 180 (135–196) days from the onset of acute symptoms were analyzed.Results. The patients of Group 2 developed a severe form of COVID-19 statistically significantly more often, they required high-flow oxygen therapy (HFO) and stayed in the intensive care unit (ICU): 13/20 (65%), 11/20 (55%), 10/20 (50%) versus 8/24(33,3%), 2/24 (8,3%) and 3/24 (13,5%) in the patients of Group 2, respectively. The level of Dlco (%) after 93 (89–103) days and 180 (135–196) days in Groups 1 and 2 made 66 (64–71) and 71 (67–73) versus 45 (41–53) and 51(47–58), respectively (p<0,05). Honeycombing changes in the lungs were detected by chest CT only in the patients of Group 2 – 16.7% on 93 (89–103) and 180 (135–196) days of observation, respectively.Conclusion. A severe form of COVID-19, stay in the ICU and additional oxygen support are the factors indicating an unfavorable functional state of the respiratory system and presence of irreversible changes in the lung tissue in the post-COVID period.Цель исследования: оценить функциональные и рентгенологические данные респираторной системы у пациентов с нарушениями ДСЛ в постковидном периоде.Материалы и методы. Проведен сравнительный анализ клинических, функциональных и рентгенологических данных у пациентов, разделенных на две группы по уровню снижения диффузионной способности легких (ДСЛ), измеренной по моно-оксиду углерода (Dlco) через 180 (135–196) дней от появления острых симптомов COVID-19: 1-я группа – пациенты с уровнем Dlco 80–60%, 2-я группа – Dlco менее 60%. Исследование функции легких выполняли методами спирометрии, бодиплетизмографии и исследованием уровня Dlco. Проанализированы данные КТ пациентов, выполненные в остром периоде COVID-19 через 93 (89–103) дня и 180 (135–196) дней от появления острых симптомов.Результаты. Пациенты 2-й группы статистически значимо чаще переносили тяжелую форму COVID-19, нуждались в проведении высокопоточной кислородотерапии (ВПО) и пребывали в отделении реанимации и интенсивной терапии (ОРИТ): 13/20 (65%), 11/20 (55%), 10/20 (50%), против 8/24 (33,3%), 2/24 (8,3%) и 3/24 (13,5%) у пациентов 1-й группы соответственно. Уровень Dlco (%) через 93 (89–103) дня и 180 (135–196) дней в 1-й и 2-й группе составил 66 (64–71) и 71 (67–73) против 45 (41–53) и 51 (47–58) соответственно (p<0,05). Сотовая перестройка легких при КТ ОГК выявлена только у пациентов 2-й группы – по 16,7% на 93 (89–103) и 180 (135–196) дни наблюдения соответственно.Заключение. Тяжелая форма перенесенной COVID-19, пребывание в ОРИТ и дополнительная кислородная поддержка – факторы, указывающие на неблагоприятное функциональное состояние респираторной системы и наличие необратимых изменений в легочной ткани в постковидном периоде

БЫЧОК-ПЕСОЧНИК NEOGOBIUS FLUVIATILIS – ПОНТО-КАСПИЙСКИЙ ЧУЖЕРОДНЫЙ ВИД РЫБ В БАССЕЙНЕ р. НЕМАН

Naturalization of a monkey goby Neogobius fluviatilis (Pallas, 1814) for the basin of the Neman River has been shown. The new way of invasion of the Ponto-Caspian fishes to the basin of the Baltic Sea has been revealed. It has been established that the alien species N. fluviatilis is a dominant fish species in littoral zone of Vileysky reservoir.Показана натурализация бычка-песочника Neogobius fluviatilis (Pallas, 1814) в бассейне р. Неман и выявлен новый путь инвазии понто-каспийских рыб в бассейн Балтийского моря. Установлено доминирующее место чужеродного вида в структуре рыбного населения мелководной прибрежной зоны Вилейского вдхр

Emergency treatment of broncial obstruction diseases in outpatient practice

The most widespread bronchial obstruction diseases are bronchial asthma (BA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Exacerbations of asthma and COPD are typically accompanied by acute bronchial obstruction syndrome (BOS). It is common knowledge that first-line drugs in the emergency care of patients with acute BOS are short-acting bronchodilators and glucocorticoids. Short-acting bronchodilators are used in the treatment of exacerbations, to prevent risk of exacerbation or as a symptomatic treatment of BA and COPD, in accordance with clinical and functional symptoms and the course of the disease (controlled, partly controlled, uncontrolled BA) [1]

COMMUNITY AQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN ADULTS: POSSIBILITIES OF TREATMENT IN OUTPATIENT CONDITIONS

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common and poorly diagnosed disease in the outpatient setting. The decision on hospitalization of the patient or treating him at home is the most important clinical conclusion made by the doctor in the course of the disease. Patients with non-severe course of CAP with the medical point of view are treated on an outpatient basis. Assessment of the severity of the patient CAP is based on the predictive Confusion-Respiratory rate – Blood pressure (CRB)-65 and criteria of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SVR). CAP patients with a scale CRB 65 score 1 or more and/or syndrome SVR are hospitalized on an emergency basis. In accordance with the national guidelines for VAP amoxicillin is used to treat uncomplicated CAP as monotherapy (Group 1 included CAP patients). Amoxicillin is stable in an acidic environment and food intake doesn’t affect the drug absorption. Amoxicillin binds to plasma proteins by about 20% and easily permeates through histohematic barriers. The drug is active against aerobic gram-positive respiratory Staphylococcus spp. (except those strains producing penicillinase), Streptococcus pneumoniae and aerobic gram-negative respiratory organisms (Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, some strains of Klebsiella)

Acute bronchitis: challenges of diagnosis and treatment

Internal medicine specialists often have difficulty in making diagnosis and defining the type of treatment for patients with first time long-lasting cough or newly developed bronchial obstruction syndrome. Acute bronchitis (AB) is one of reasons of cough in patient who survived acute respiratory infection (ARI). The article aims to answer the question of what AB really is and what methods of diagnosis and treatment exist

Macrolides and their role in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia of various etiology

The success of antibiotic therapy depends on the correct choice of antibiotic, timely administration, conditions of the host (patient) and microorganism (bacterial pathogen resistance to a drug), bioavailability and bioequivalence. The latter refers to generic drugs which are very well represented in the domestic pharmacological market

Infusion therapy for chronic liver diseases

Aim of review. To present modern options of comprehensive infusion therapy at various liver diseases, indications and contraindications for application of basic blood substitute groups, and pathogenically justified approaches for their use. Summary. Chronic and acute liver diseases are associated to end the genius intoxication, electrolyte disorders, shift of acid-base state, tissue and cellular hypoxia. Infusion therapy with application of modern plasma substitute solutions provide increase in treatment efficacy for this group of patients. Application of basic group infusion solutions along with complex anti-hypoxia agents helps to correct water and electrolyte imbalance as well as disorders of acid-base state, carry out body detoxication, normalize blood pressure, treat edema and ascites syndrome, protein-energy malnutrition, prevent renal value and other complications in liver cirrhosis patients. Comprehensive treatment of liver diseases includes application of modern infusion agents (anti-hypoxia/anti-oxidation) containing pharmacologically active metabolic substances that include succinate-containing drugs developed on the basis of succinic acid and its salts. Succinic acid is presumed to act as the paracrine agent produced by damage hepatocytes (e.g. at ischemia), affecting pericytes (Ito's cell) in the liver through SUCNR1receptors. It results activation of pericytes providing synthesis of extracellular matrix components that are involved in metabolism and regeneration of liver parenchyma cells. Conclusion. Addition of succinic acid-based medications to infusion therapy program for chronic liver diseases provides alleviation of basic clinical syndromes (intoxication, asthenic and autonomous nervous disorders, dyspeptic, cholestatic), and at patients with hepatocellular failure improvement of protein-synthetic liver function

Infusion therapy for chronic liver diseases

Aim of review. To present modern options of comprehensive infusion therapy at various liver diseases, indications and contraindications for application of basic blood substitute groups, and pathogenically justified approaches for their use. Summary. Chronic and acute liver diseases are associated to end the genius intoxication, electrolyte disorders, shift of acid-base state, tissue and cellular hypoxia. Infusion therapy with application of modern plasma substitute solutions provide increase in treatment efficacy for this group of patients. Application of basic group infusion solutions along with complex anti-hypoxia agents helps to correct water and electrolyte imbalance as well as disorders of acid-base state, carry out body detoxication, normalize blood pressure, treat edema and ascites syndrome, protein-energy malnutrition, prevent renal value and other complications in liver cirrhosis patients. Comprehensive treatment of liver diseases includes application of modern infusion agents (anti-hypoxia/anti-oxidation) containing pharmacologically active metabolic substances that include succinate-containing drugs developed on the basis of succinic acid and its salts. Succinic acid is presumed to act as the paracrine agent produced by damage hepatocytes (e.g. at ischemia), affecting pericytes (Ito's cell) in the liver through SUCNR1receptors. It results activation of pericytes providing synthesis of extracellular matrix components that are involved in metabolism and regeneration of liver parenchyma cells. Conclusion. Addition of succinic acid-based medications to infusion therapy program for chronic liver diseases provides alleviation of basic clinical syndromes (intoxication, asthenic and autonomous nervous disorders, dyspeptic, cholestatic), and at patients with hepatocellular failure improvement of protein-synthetic liver function