Influence of concentrated liquid softeners on textile hand

200-203<span style="font-size: 16.0pt;font-family:Fd839219-Identity-H;mso-bidi-font-family:Fd839219-Identity-H">The influence of four concentrated liquid softeners, viz. Lenor, Silan, Soupline and Dosia, on the properties of different knitted fabrics has been studied on the basis of textile hand parameters using KTU-Griff Tester. The results show that the rinsing of textile materials with liquid softeners changes the properties of fabrics more significantly as compared to the changes in case of rinsing with pure water. The five parameters, namely pulling force, tangent of the slope angle of curve, pulling work, difference of fabric thickness measured at two different pressure levels and fabric deformation, and a complex parameter determined as the area of pentagonal chart, the axles of which are these five separate parameters, have been used for the evaluation of changes in fabric mechanical properties. Silan is found to be the most efficient softener followed by Lenor, Dosia and Soupline. </span

Woven fabric behaviour during pulling disc-shaped specimen through a central hole

138-142The behaviour of suiting during pulling a disc-shaped specimen through a central hole of replaceable stand was investigated. The tests were performed using KTU-Griff Tester. Fabric behaviour was evaluated on the basis of the parameters of the typical pulling curve H-P (punch height - pulling Force): maximum pulling Force (Pmax), tangent of the slope angle (tgα) of initial part of curve H-P, pulling work (A), and changes in fabric thickness (δ) and maximum specimen deformation (Hmax ). The analysis of the changes in the specimen geometric parameters has shown that the parameters a and d of epicycloids and the number of waves (wrinkles) N depend on the level of deformation H and on properties of the tested fabric. The used method of pulling a disc-shaped specimen through a central hole of stand can be applicable for the investigation of mechanical properties of different textile fabrics, such as anisotropy of textile hand and drape

Bistatic sonobuoy deployment strategies for detecting stationary and mobile underwater targets

The article of record as published may be found at https://doi.org/10.1002/nav.21807The problem of determining effective allocation schemes of underwater sensors for surveillance, search, detection, and tracking purposes is a fundamental research area in military operations research. Among the various sensor types, multistatic sonobuoy systems are a promising development in submerged target detection systems. These systems consist of sources (active sensors) and receivers (passive sensors), which need not be collocated. A multistatic sonobuoy system consisting of a single source and receiver is called a bistatic system. The sensing zone of this fundamental system is defined by Cassini ovals. The unique properties and unusual geometrical profile of these ovals distinguish the bistatic sensor allocation problem from conventional sonar placement problems. This study is aimed at supporting deci- sion makers in making the best use of bistatic sonobuoys to detect stationary and mobile targets transiting through an area of interest. We use integral geometry and geometric probability concepts to derive analytic expressions for the optimal source and receiver separation distances to maximize the detection probability of a submerged target. We corroborate our analytic results using Monte Carlo simulation. Our approach constitutes a valuable “back of the envelope” method for the important and difficult problem of analyzing bistatic sonar performance.Office of Naval ResearchTrkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Aratirma Kurum