17,119 research outputs found
The effect of parallel static and microwave electric fields on excited hydrogen atoms
Motivated by recent experiments we analyse the classical dynamics of a
hydrogen atom in parallel static and microwave electric fields. Using an
appropriate representation and averaging approximations we show that resonant
ionisation is controlled by a separatrix, and provide necessary conditions for
a dynamical resonance to affect the ionisation probability.
The position of the dynamical resonance is computed using a high-order
perturbation series, and estimate its radius of convergence. We show that the
position of the dynamical resonance does not coincide precisely with the
ionisation maxima, and that the field switch-on time can dramatically affect
the ionisation signal which, for long switch times, reflects the shape of an
incipient homoclinic. Similarly, the resonance ionisation time can reflect the
time-scale of the separatrix motion, which is therefore longer than
conventional static field Stark ionisation. We explain why these effects should
be observed in the quantum dynamics.
PACs: 32.80.Rm, 33.40.+f, 34.10.+x, 05.45.Ac, 05.45.MtComment: 47 pages, 20 figure
Model Analysis of the Electroproduction Reaction on the Proton
Recent CLAS data on the electroproduction off protons at
1.3W1.57 GeV and 0.250.6 GeV have been analyzed using
a meson-baryon phenomenological model. By fitting nine 1-fold differential
cross section data for each and bin, the charged double pion
electroproduction mechanisms are identified from their manifestations in the
observables. We have extracted the cross sections from amplitudes of each of
the considered isobar channels as well as from their coherent sum. We also
obtained non-resonant partial wave amplitudes of all contributing isobar
channels which could be useful for advancing a complete coupled-channel
analysis of all meson electroproduction data.Comment: Experiment Numbers: E93-006, E94-005 Group: Hall
Calculation of the nucleon axial charge in lattice QCD
Protons and neutrons have a rich structure in terms of their constituents,
the quarks and gluons. Understanding this structure requires solving Quantum
Chromodynamics (QCD). However QCD is extremely complicated, so we must
numerically solve the equations of QCD using a method known as lattice QCD.
Here we describe a typical lattice QCD calculation by examining our recent
computation of the nucleon axial charge.Comment: Prepared for Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC
2006), Denver, Colorado, June 25-29 200
Nucleon structure in the chiral regime with domain wall fermions on an improved staggered sea
Moments of unpolarized, helicity, and transversity distributions,
electromagnetic form factors, and generalized form factors of the nucleon are
presented from a preliminary analysis of lattice results using pion masses down
to 359 MeV. The twist two matrix elements are calculated using a mixed action
of domain wall valence quarks and asqtad staggered sea quarks and are
renormalized perturbatively. Several observables are extrapolated to the
physical limit using chiral perturbation theory. Results are compared with
experimental moments of quark distributions and electromagnetic form factors
and phenomenologically determined generalized form factors, and the
implications on the transverse structure and spin content of the nucleon are
discussed.Comment: Talks of J.W. Negele and D.B. Renner at Lattice 200
Methanol masers reveal the magnetic field of the high-mass protostar IRAS 18089-1732
Context. The importance of the magnetic field in high-mass-star formation is
not yet fully clear and there are still many open questions concerning its role
in the accretion processes and generation of jets and outflows. In the past few
years, masers have been successfully used to probe the magnetic field
morphology and strength at scales of a few au around massive protostars, by
measuring linear polarisation angles and Zeeman splitting. The massive
protostar IRAS 18089-1732 is a well studied high-mass-star forming region,
showing a hot core chemistry and a disc-outflow system. Previous SMA
observations of polarised dust revealed an ordered magnetic field oriented
around the disc of IRAS 18089-1732. Aims. We want to determine the magnetic
field in the dense region probed by 6.7 GHz methanol maser observations and
compare it with observations in dust continuum polarisation, to investigate how
the magnetic field in the compact maser region relates to the large-scale field
around massive protostars. Methods. We reduced MERLIN observations at 6.7 GHz
of IRAS 18089-1732 and we analysed the polarised emission by methanol masers.
Results. Our MERLIN observations show that the magnetic field in the 6.7 GHz
methanol maser region is consistent with the magnetic field constrained by the
SMA dust polarisation observations. A tentative detection of circularly
polarised line emission is also presented. Conclusions. We found that the
magnetic field in the maser region has the same orientation as in the disk.
Thus the large-scale field component, even at the au scale of the masers,
dominates over any small-scale field fluctuations. We obtained, from the
circular polarisation tentative detection, a field strength along the line of
sight of 5.5 mG which appeared to be consistent with the previous estimates.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in A&
The Parsec-scale Structure, Kinematics, and Polarization of Radio-Loud Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies
Several narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s) have now been detected in
gamma rays, providing firm evidence that at least some of this class of active
galactic nuclei (AGN) produce relativistic jets. The presence of jets in NLS1s
is surprising, as these sources are typified by comparatively small black hole
masses and near- or super-Eddington accretion rates. This challenges the
current understanding of the conditions necessary for jet production. Comparing
the properties of the jets in NLS1s with those in more familiar jetted systems
is thus essential to improve jet production models. We present early results
from our campaign to monitor the kinematics and polarization of the
parsec-scale jets in a sample of 15 NLS1s through multifrequency observations
with the Very Long Baseline Array. These observations are complemented by
fast-cadence 15 GHz monitoring with the Owens Valley Radio Observatory 40m
telescope and optical spectroscopic monitoring with with the 2m class telescope
at the Guillermo Haro Astrophysics Observatory in Cananea, Mexico.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure. To appear in the Proceedings of the IAU Symposium
No. 313: "Extragalactic jets from every angle," Galapagos, Ecuador, 15-19
September 2014, F. Massaro, C. C. Cheung, E. Lopez, and A. Siemiginowska
(Eds.), Cambridge University Pres
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Maximising transparency in a doctoral thesis: The complexities of writing about the use of QSR*NVIVO within a grounded theory study
This paper discusses the challenges of how to provide a transparent account of the use of the software programme QSR*NVIVO (QSR 2000) within a Grounded Theory framework (Glaser and Strauss 1967; Strauss and Corbin 1998). Psychology students are increasingly pursuing qualitative research projects such to the extent that the UK Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) advise that students should have skill in the use of computer assisted qualitative data analysis software (CAQDAS) (Economic and Social Research Council 2001). Unlike quantitative studies, rigid formulae do not exist for writing-up qualitative projects for doctoral theses. Most authors, however, agree that transparency is essential when communicating the findings of qualitative research. Sparkes (2001) recommends that evaluative criteria for qualitative research should be commensurable with the aims, objectives, and epistemological assumptions of the research project. Likewise, the use of CAQDAS should vary according to the research methodology followed, and thus researchers should include a discussion of how CAQDAS was used. This paper describes how the evolving process of coding data, writing memos, categorising, and theorising were integrated into the written thesis. The structure of the written document is described including considerations about restructuring and the difficulties of writing about an iterative process within a linear document
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