15 research outputs found
Environmental Resource - Economized Processes of Recycling Mineral Raw Materials of Complex Composition
The results of the studies on the justification of technological processes providing recycling of the warehoused ferruginous quartzites of complex composition and waste non-ferrous metals allowing to receive additional commodity products are given. The example of amphibole and biotite varieties of ferruginous quartzites of CMA and tailings of copper-zinc sulphide Ural ores determines the reasons of ineffective use of traditional technology solutions for recycling. The reasons of environmental hazards concerning varieties of technogenic mineral substances to the environment are identified. The presence in ferruginous quartzites complex composition of various silicates, carbonates and iron sulphides change their technological properties. So to get the iron concentrate from them suggests a new combination of technological operations performed in specially selected operating conditions. The specifics of the presence of mineral components in solid mineral wastes of nonferrous metal ores indicates the possibility of obtaining additional marketable products. With the use of laboratory multiscale modelling and physical methods of analysis regularities of variation of fractionation, separation and mineral concentration operations efficiency by varying its composition and the various influencing factors are identified. To improve the efficiency of the individual technological operations it is recommended to use different techniques, using physical and physico-chemical effects on the polymineral systems. The flow diagrams for the considered varieties of technogenic processing of mineral substances, allowing them to obtain standared quality products (metal-containing concentrates), and the results of their testing are submitted. The suggested technological solutions can reduce the amount of environmentally hazardous mineral substance, hosted in technogenic formations
ΠΠ«ΠΠΠ Π‘Π£ΠΠ¬Π€ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ¬ΠΠ«Π₯ Π‘ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ Π Π€ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ¦ΠΠ Π‘Π£ΠΠ¬Π€ΠΠΠΠ Π¦ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ«Π₯ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ Π£ΠΠΠ ΠΠ«Π₯ Π Π£Π Π¦ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ«Π₯ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠΠ
Methods of selection of selective collectors are analyzed. The procedure of calculation of characteristics of absolute rigidity, absolute electronegativity, and reaction ability of compounds is presented. The correspondence between the results of theoretical calculations of the reaction ability of sulfhydril collectors and experimental results of adsorption and flotation of monomineral fractions of chalcopyrite, galenite, and pyrite by sulfhydril collectors is revealed. The prediction of the collecting activity based on calculations is complicated by the features of the chemical composition of natural sulfides and defectiveness of the surface associated with the genesis of ore minerals in the deposit is revealed. Dithiophosphates and thionocarbamates are isolated as main components of selective compositions of collectors for flotation of pyrite ores of nonferrous metals based on theoretical and experimental investigations. It is shown by the complex of adsorption investigations in conditions of nonfrothing flotation and analysis of the IR frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR) spectra of concentrates of nonfrothing flotation that the nonoptimal ratio of components weakly active relative to pyrite leads to a considerable increase in pyrite floatability. Sorption of components of the sulfhydril collector and pyrite floatability increase with the fraction of a nonionogenic collector in the composition lower than 40β60%. The action mechanism, which determines the action selectivity of sulfhydril collectors during the flotation of sulfides, is determined.ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π°Π΄ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Ρ
Π°Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ°, Π³Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ· ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½Π΅Π½ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Ρ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ΄Ρ Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±Π°ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΄ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ². ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ Π°Π΄ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π°Π±ΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 40β60 % Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ°. Π‘ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²
ΠΠΠΠΠ’Π ΠΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ¦ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠ Π₯ΠΠΠ‘Π’Π Π£ΠΠ¬Π’Π ΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠΠ₯ Π‘Π£ΠΠ¬Π€ΠΠΠΠ Π Π€ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠΠ‘Π’Π¬ ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ
The paper shows the results obtained in experimental studies of zeta potential of ultrafine sulfides (chalcopyrite, tennantite, galena, sphalerite, pyrite, pyrrhotite); floatability of mono-mineral flotation grade sulfide fractions (β0,1 + 0,05 mm) in the mechanical flotation cell; floatability of sludges (β0,041 + 0,010 mm) in the Hallimond tube with adsorption under foamless flotation conditions. The method for preparation of ultrafine powders and sulfhydryl collectors for zeta potential measurement is provided. The paper studies zeta potential of mineral particle surface and insoluble forms of sulfhydryl collectors in the pH range from 2,0 to 12,5 (acidic medium was prepared using H2SO4, alkali medium was prepared using NaOH or Ca(OH)2). The obtained zeta potentials of sulfides were different for sodium hydroxide and lime media. In NaOH medium at pH> 9,5 zeta potential values of all sulfides were negative; in Ca(OH)2 medium at pH > 11 they had positive zeta potential values (1β18 mV); chalcopyrite zeta potential values are positive in the studied range pHCa(OH)2 = 9,0Γ·12,5. Isoelectric points were identified for chalcopyrite (pH = 6,5 and 8,8), tennantite (pH = 3,0), sphalerite (pH = 5,1 and 6,4), pyrite (pH = 3,1 and 8,9) and pyrrhotite (pH = 7,0) in sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide medium; for tennantite and sphalerite (pH = 12,0), galena (pH = 11,2), pyrite (pH = 9,5 and 11,2), pyrrhotite (pH = 9,5 and 12,1) in lime medium. Measurements of zeta potential values of ultrafine sulfide particles make it possible to define more exactly the mechanism of interactionΒ between sulfhydryl collectors and sulfides, associate non-selective extraction of sulfide sludges in high-alkali lime medium with the electrostatic component contribution during adhesion of ultrafine sulfide particles on bubbles and their mechanical removal to the froth.ΠΠ·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° (ΠΠΠ) ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² (Ρ
Π°Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡ, Π³Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΡΠ°Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½); ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ (β0,1 + 0,05 ΠΌΠΌ) Π² ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅; ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΎΠ² (β0,041 + 0,010 ΠΌΠΌ) Π² ΡΡΡΠ±ΠΊΠ΅ Π₯Π°Π»Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ½Π΄Π° Ρ Π°Π΄ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΠΠ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ ΠΎΡ 2,0 Π΄ΠΎ 12,5 (ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π° ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ H2SO4, ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡΠ½Π°Ρ β NaOH ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ca(OH)2) β Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΠΠ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π° Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ. Π ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ NaOH ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ > 9,5 Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅; Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ Ca(OH)2 ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ > 11 ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΠΠ (1β18 ΠΌΠ); Ρ Ρ
Π°Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΠΠ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Ρ Π² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ pHCa(OH)2 = = 9,0Γ·12,5. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π½ΡΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ΄Π°: Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π° Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ β Π΄Π»Ρ Ρ
Π°Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ° (ΡΠ = 6,5 ΠΈ 8,8), ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ° (ΡΠ = 3,0), ΡΡΠ°Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ° (ΡΠ = 5,1 ΠΈ 6,4), ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ° (ΡΠ = 3,1 ΠΈ 8,9) ΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π° (ΡΠ = 7,0); Π² ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ β Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π»Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ° (ΡΠ = 12,0), Π³Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ° (ΡΠ = 11,2), ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ° (ΡΠ = 9,5 ΠΈ 11,2), ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π° (ΡΠ = 9,5 ΠΈ 12,1). ΠΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Ρ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π² Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ Ρ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π°Π΄Π³Π΅Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ·ΡΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π²ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡ
Π€Π»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°
The paper provides the results of theoretical reactivity calculations for gold, molybdenum, stibnite, galena, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite and pyrite in comparison with such experimental data as the floatability of monomineral fractions with butyl xanthate, wetting angle values, changes in the kinetics of the mineral electrode potential. The following calculation series in terms of reactivity and oxidizing ability were established by calculation: Au < Sb2S3 < MoS2 < PbS < CuFeS2 < FeAsS < FeS2. During the Hallimond tube flotation, natural gold grains demonstrated the highest recovery (70 %) in the ΡΠ = 5Γ·7 range compared to all the studied sulfides. Molybdenite and stibnite are floated at the level of 50 % under the same conditions. As pH increases towards the alkaline region, a decrease in the floatability of all sulfides except for chalcopyrite is observed. It was established that the highest recovery is achieved when the required time of conditioning with the collector is the inverse of their reactivity. The measured wetting angle of a drop of water on an untreated surface has the highest value (78Β°) for a gold plate, and the lowest one (67Β°) for pyrite, but the latter features the greatest increase in the wetting angle (by 15Β°) after treatment with butyl xanthate at a concentration of 10β4 mol/l and pH = 6. For molybdenite, treatment with butyl xanthate has practically no effect on the measured wetting angle. The Sb2S3 < PbS < CuFeS2 < FeAsS < FeS2 series is determined according to the electrode potential in the ΡΠ = 2.0Γ·5.6 range. Theoretical calculations and experimental data obtained when studying monofractions of sulfides and gold showed that experimental conditions (pH, conditioning time, collector concentration) significantly affect the floatability. The calculated reactivity of chemical sulfide compounds and gold in comparison with experimental results proved the importance of maintaining certain flotation conditions to create contrast in the floatability of minerals.ΠΠ·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°, ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ±Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ°, ΡΡΠΈΠ±Π½ΠΈΡΠ°, Π³Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ°, Ρ
Π°Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ°, Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ° Π² ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Π±ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠΌ, Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΊΡΠ°Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ³Π»Π° ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ². Π Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ: Au < Sb2S3 < MoS2 < PbS < CuFeS2 < FeAsS < FeS2. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΡΡΠ±ΠΊΠ΅ Π₯Π°Π»Π»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ½Π΄Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ (70 %) Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ = 5Γ·7 ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ±Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΠ±Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ 50 %. Π‘ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠ = 12 Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², Π·Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ
Π°Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ°. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π° Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ°Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ» ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ (78Β°) Π΄Π»Ρ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ, Π° Π½Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ (67Β°) Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ°, Π½ΠΎ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ°Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ³Π»Π° ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ (Π½Π° 15Β°) ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π±ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ 10β4 ΠΌΠΎΠ»Ρ/Π» ΠΈ ΡΠ = 6. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ±Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° Π±ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΊΡΠ°Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ³Π»Π° ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ = 2,0Γ·5,6 ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ΄: Sb2S3 < PbS < CuFeS2 < FeAsS < FeS2. Π’Π΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π² Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ (Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΡΠ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ) Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ° Π² ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ²
ΠΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±Π΅Π΄Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΄
The paper describes the results of studying ways to improve the contrast of calcite and scheelite technological properties using water glass combined with aluminum, zinc, iron, magnesium sulphate salts, a mixture of water glass and calcium chloride, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), combinations of sodium oleate with low-polar compounds (neonol, fatty isoalcohols), liquid phase and oleate ultrasound treatment. The monomineralic fraction of calcite floated by mechanical cell demonstrated that the minimum recovery of calcite is achieved by combining the Fe(II) salt and water glass (3(4) : 1). When f loating lean sheelite ore with a high carbonate modulus on domestic water, the combined use of water glass and CaCl2 reduces the floatability of calcium. Calcium chloride added to water glass on recycling water leads to a certain increase in the rough concentrate yield (13.8 to 14.1 %) with a significant decrease of WO3 recovery to the finished selection concentrate (72.7 to 53.3 %) and a deterioration in the concentrate quality. Replacement of water glass with CMC did not show satisfactory results. Ultrasonic treatment of pulp, liquid phase, collector leads to a certain increase in the calcite floatability, possibly due to the higher liquid phase temperature and increased proportion of the oleate ionic form. The use of neonols in the reagent scheme of flotation of scheelite-containing ore with a high carbonate modulus found no evidence of a decrease in the flotatability of calcite obtained when studying monomineralic calcite fractions unlike fatty isoalcohols that provided better concentrates in the selection cycle in comparison with a single oleate.ΠΠ·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ° Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Π° Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ°, ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π°, ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Π° ΠΈ Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ΅Π»Π»ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ·Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ (ΠΠΠ¦), ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π°ΡΠ° Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ (Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ», ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΡ), Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Π·Π²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Ρ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π°ΡΠ°. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ° Π² ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π° (II) ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Π° (3(4) : 1). ΠΡΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΄Ρ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Π° ΠΈ CaCl2 ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠ° Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ° (Ρ 13,8 Π΄ΠΎ 14,1 %) ΠΏΡΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ WO3 Π² Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ (Ρ 72,7 Π΄ΠΎ 53,3 %) ΠΈ ΡΡ
ΡΠ΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°. ΠΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Π° Π½Π° ΠΠΠ¦ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ². Π£Π-ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠΏΡ, ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Ρ, ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ° β Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Ρ, ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π°ΡΠ°. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ΅Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ΄Ρ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°, Π² ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π² ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π°ΡΠΎΠΌ