Self-control formation technology for primary school children with mild mental retardation in learning process

The purpose of the article is to present self-control development technology meeting up-to-date requirements in the special education for pupils with mild mental retardation; to reveal the self-control special features for children of the studied category found during the experiment; to show necessity of the task-oriented work. Methods. The methods involve theoretical analysis of relevant psychologicpedagogical and methodical literature; empiric methods (conversation, writing tasks, observation); pedagogic experiment; quantitative and qualitative analysis. Results. The article contains the data obtained during the experiment concerning study of the self-control special features for primary school children with mild mental retardation in learning process. The author describes and scientifically justifies the self-control development technology based on the step-bystep approach for children of the studied category. The revealed reasons of low self-control level for primary school children with intellectual disorder are proven by qualitative and quantitative analysis. The presented experimental results confirm the developed technology efficiency and can be applied while studying of all disciplines at primary school. Scientific novelty. For the first time the unified (may be used at all subjects) and comprehensive (for all self-control components) self-control development technology was developed and proven for primary school children with mild mental disorder in learning process; transient phase necessity is proved and justified for mastering all control kinds by primary school children with mild mental retardation. Practical significance. The developed technology allows qualitative enhancement of learning activities for primary school children with mild mental retardation. The research results may be used in both correctional and educational work at special (correctional) schools (type VIII) and at general-education schools. In addition the results may be useful in training of primary school teachers and students Цели статьи – представить технологию развития в учебном процессе самоконтроля у младших школьников с легкой умственной отсталостью; раскрыть особенности состояния самоконтроля у детей данной категории; показать необходимость дальнейшей целенаправленной работы в указанном направлении. Методика и методы. В работе использовались теоретический анализ психолого-педагогической и методической литературы по проблеме исследования; эмпирические методы: беседа, письменные задания, наблюдение; педагогический эксперимент; количественный и качественный анализ. Научная новизна и результаты. Выявлены причины низкого уровня самоконтроля младших школьников с нарушением интеллекта. С учетом современных изменений в области специального образования впервые разработана и научно обоснована универсальная технология развития самоконтроля в учебной деятельности у детей с легкой умственной отсталостью. Показана необходимость переходных этапов при освоении такими учащимися всех видов контроля; представлены результаты экспериментального исследования, подтверждающие эффективность предлагаемой технологии, которая носит комплексный характер и может применяться при изучении всех дисциплин в начальной школе. Практическая значимость. Материалы исследования предлагается использовать как в специальных (коррекционных) школах VIII вида, так и в общеобразовательных школах, а также в системе повышения квалификации учителей начальных классов и при подготовке студентов

Stable topological textures in a classical 2D Heisenberg model

We show that stable localized topological soliton textures (skyrmions) with $\pi_2$ topological charge $\nu \geq 1$ exist in a classical 2D Heisenberg model of a ferromagnet with uniaxial anisotropy. For this model the soliton exist only if the number of bound magnons exceeds some threshold value $N_{\rm cr}$ depending on $\nu$ and the effective anisotropy constant $K_{\rm eff}$. We define soliton phase diagram as the dependence of threshold energies and bound magnons number on anisotropy constant. The phase boundary lines are monotonous for both $\nu=1$ and $\nu >2$, while the solitons with $\nu=2$ reveal peculiar nonmonotonous behavior, determining the transition regime from low to high topological charges. In particular, the soliton energy per topological charge (topological energy density) achieves a minimum neither for $\nu=1$ nor high charges, but rather for intermediate values $\nu=2$ or $\nu=3$.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure

Technological Aspect of Terminological Training of Professional Workers

This paper deals with the content-process and the result components of terminological training of specialists. We specified the notion of terminological training of professional workers as a gradual formation of genetic and complementary result components: (1) terminological literacy, (2) terminological competence, and (3) terminological culture. We separated three directions of terminological training: (1) informational (learning terminology of the field of studies); (2) practical (learning the methods of applying terminology for solving various tasks); and (3) reflective (developing motivation for learning terminology during continuous self-learning). Moreover, the study demonstrates how digital technologies can be used for effective terminological training in education. We developed a technology of terminological training that includes three stages of scaffolding (demonstration, guided practice, and independent practice) that correspond to the constituents of the result component (informational, practical, and reflective). The scientific novelty of this study lies in the use of scaffolding in terminological training within education. As a result of these interactions, students should be able to master terminological literacy, terminological competence, and terminological culture

POLARIMETRY AND DYNAMIC LIGHT SCATTERING IN QUALITY CONTROL OF CARDIOTONIC AND HYPOTENSIVE TINCTURES

Objective: To substantiate the possibility of using polarimetry to control the quality of tinctures as an additional pharmacopoeial method. Methods: The polarimetric method (POL-1/2, Atago, Japan, the measurement accuracy of±0.002 °) was used to measure the optical activity (α °) of motherwort, valerian and hawthorn tinctures. The dynamic light scattering method (DLS; Zetasizer Nano ZS, Malvern, UK) was used to assess the stability of alcoholic and aqueous dilutions of tinctures according to the intensity of dynamic light scattering dependent on the size (d, nm) of the dispersed phase particles and the values of the electrokinetic potential (ξ, mV). Results: For the first time in this investigation, the polarimetry approach was proposed to evaluate the cardiotonic and hypotensive tinctures' quality and for their identification. Valerian tincture, dilution 1:40,-0.10°<α°<-0.89°; motherwort, tincture-dilution 1:10,-0.10°<α°<-2.21°; hawthorn, tincture without dilution,-0.76°<α°<-1.55°-these are the acceptable ranges of optical activity (α°) of their alcohol dilutions. Beyond these intervals, the use of the polarimetric approach is impossible. Values of optical activity below 0.1 correspond to too low a content of optically active components. Tinctures with optical activity above the upper value of the interval were unstable dispersed systems with low values of the electrokinetic potential (|ξ|≪25mV) and micron particle sizes. Reference tinctures were made from raw materials (Leonurus cardiaca L.) to verify the results. The quality parameters: optical activity (α°), spectra of dynamic light scattering by intensity, volume, and number ("I-d"; "V-d"; "N-d"), electrokinetic potential (ξ) values, and photon pulse count per second (Count Rate, kcps) corresponded to the results obtained for pharmaceutical dosage forms. Conclusion: The permissible intervals of optical activity (α°) of their ethanol dilutions, as well as their relationships with the particle size of the dispersed phase and the values of the electrokinetic potential, were established for the first time to evaluate the quality of tinctures. The obtained results show that polarimetry can be recommended as an additional pharmacopoeial quality control method for tinctures

Spin-Hall nanooscillator based on an antiferromagnetic domain wall

We propose here a high-frequency spin-Hall nano-oscillator based on a simple magnetic texture, such as a domain wall, located in an antiferromagnet with easy-axis anisotropy type. We show that the spin current, polarized along the anisotropy axis, excites a conical precession of the N\'eel vector in such a domain wall, which allows obtaining a robust ac output signal, -- contrary to the planar precession in an uniform uniaxial antiferromagnet, where ac output is hard to achieve. The frequency of the auto-oscillations is easily tunable by the applied current up to the THz range, and the threshold current vanishes for pure uniaxial antiferromagnet. By micro-magnetic simulations, we demonstrate that the pinning of the domain wall is crucial for the oscillator design, which can be achieved in nano-constriction layout of the free layer.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures. Brief explanation of the dynamics near the threshold is added at P.

Properties of coatings based on carbon and nitrogen-doped carbon obtained using a pulsed vacuum arc method

Diamond-like carbon coatings on hard-alloy substrates, including coatings doped with nitrogen about 1.0 μm thick have been obtained using a pulse vacuum-arc method. Three types of coatings have been investigated: a carbon diamond-like coating (C), a carbon coating doped with nitrogen (C : N), and a composite coating based on (C : N + C) layer

Magnetic vortex as a ground state for micron-scale antiferromagnetic samples

Here we consider micron-sized samples with any axisymmetric body shape and made with a canted antiferromagnet, like hematite or iron borate. We find that its ground state can be a magnetic vortex with a topologically non-trivial distribution of the sublattice magnetization $\vec{l}$ and planar coreless vortex-like structure for the net magnetization $\vec{M}$. For antiferromagnetic samples in the vortex state, in addition to low-frequency modes, we find high-frequency modes with frequencies over the range of hundreds of gigahertz, including a mode localized in a region of radius $\sim$ 30--40 nm near the vortex core.Comment: 20 pages, 1 figur

Tyrosol induces multiple drug resistance in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

In yeast, multiple (pleiotropic) drug resistance (MDR) transporters efflux xenobiotics from the cytoplasm to the environment. Additionally, upon the accumulation of xenobiotics in the cells, MDR genes are induced. At the same time, fungal cells can produce secondary metabolites with physico-chemical properties similar to MDR transporter substrates. Nitrogen limitation in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae leads to the accumulation of phenylethanol, tryptophol, and tyrosol, which are products of aromatic amino acid catabolism. In this study, we investigated whether these compounds could induce or inhibit MDR in yeast. Double deletion of PDR1 and PDR3 genes, which are transcription factors that upregulate the expression of PDR genes, reduced yeast resistance to high concentrations of tyrosol (4–6 g/L) but not to the other two tested aromatic alcohols. PDR5 gene, but not other tested MDR transporter genes (SNQ2, YOR1, PDR10, PDR15) contributed to yeast resistance to tyrosol. Tyrosol inhibited the efflux of rhodamine 6G (R6G), a substrate for MDR transporters. However, preincubating yeast cells with tyrosol induced MDR, as evidenced by increased Pdr5-GFP levels and reduced yeast ability to accumulate Nile red, another fluorescent MDR-transporter substrate. Moreover, tyrosol inhibited the cytostatic effect of clotrimazole, the azole antifungal. Our results demonstrate that a natural secondary metabolite can modulate yeast MDR. We speculate that intermediates of aromatic amino acid metabolites coordinate cell metabolism and defense mechanisms against xenobiotics

Large temperature dependence of the Casimir force at the metal-insulator transition

The dependence of the Casimir force on material properties is important for both future applications and to gain further insight on its fundamental aspects. Here we derive a general theory of the Casimir force for low-conducting compounds, or poor metals. For distances in the micrometer range, a large variety of such materials is described by universal equations containing a few parameters: the effective plasma frequency, dissipation rate of the free carriers, and electric permittivity in the infrared range. This theory can also describe inhomogeneous composite materials containing small regions with different conductivity. The Casimir force for mechanical systems involving samples made with compounds that have a metal-insulator transition shows an abrupt large temperature dependence of the Casimir force within the transition region, where metallic and dielectric phases coexist.Comment: 23 pages, 9 figure