81 research outputs found
Π‘ΡΠ±ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ (ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ )
Breast cancer (BC) is most prevalent female malignancy worldwide. Despite advances in BC diagnosis and progress in drug therapy, a series of challenges associated with emergent tumour resistance causing the disease escalation still remain. Immune evasion is among the driving forces of tumour resistance against modern treatments, which promotes world-active research into the mechanisms of tumourβimmune interaction.Tumour microenvironment is known to contribute greatly to the nature of this interaction. Immune cells are constitutive of tumour microenvironment as tumour-associated macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tumour-infi ltrating lymphocytes. Tumour-infi ltrating lymphocytes are represented by B-, T- and NK-cells, which localisation and subpopulation structure in tumour may possess a prognostic and clinical significance. Th e infi ltration density by certain effector cell types prior to chemotherapy is an important predictor of patient survival. Putting otherwise, the presence of effector lymphocyte subpopulations in tumour defi nes the strength of antitumour immunity and may establish the success of drug treatment.This study analysed the infiltration levels of CD3, CD4, CD20 and CD38 lymphocytes in several molecular BC subtypes. Tumour immunophenotyping was performed in cryosectioning and immunofl uorescence assays with a ZEISS AXIOSKOP microscope, Germany. We analysed 96 luminal BC (37 subtype A (38.5Β %), 52 B-Her2-negative subtype (54.2Β %), 7 B-Her2-positive subtype (7.3Β %)) and non-luminal BC samples (3 HER2+ subtype (14.3Β %), 18 triple-negative subtype (85.7Β %)). The infiltration and antigen expression patterns have been assessed. Analyses of tumour-infi ltrating subpopulations revealed lower infiltration in luminal BC vs. other subtypes, albeit at no significance.Π Π°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ (Π ΠΠ) ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΒ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ Π²Β ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π°Β Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ
ΠΈ Π²Β Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π ΠΠ ΠΈΒ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠ΅ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠ΄ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΒ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ·Β ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΒ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΒ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°. ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π½Π°Β ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΡΒ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°.ΠΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ Π²Β ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ. Π§Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°Π³Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Ρ-ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ, ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Ρ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π-, Π’-, NK-ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΈΒ ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ±ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² Π²Β ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΒ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΒ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΡ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
. ΠΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ±ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Π²Β ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΈΒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ.Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ CD3, CD4, CD20, Π‘D38Β Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ
Π ΠΠ. ΠΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°Β ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π°Ρ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ (ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏ Zeiss (Axioskop, ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ)). ΠΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ 96Β ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π ΠΠ (37 (38,5Β %)Β β ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΏ Π; 52 (54,2Β %)Β β Π-Her2-Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΏ; 7 (7,3Β %)Β β Π-Her2-ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΏ) ΠΈΒ Π½Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π ΠΠ (3 (14,3Β %)Β β HER2+ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΏ; 18 (85,7Β %)Β β ΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΏ). ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΒ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ². ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ±ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ», ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π ΠΠ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ
, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Π½Π΅Β ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ
A Case of Medullary Carcinoma of the Jejunum Combined with the Intestinal Lymphangiectasia Accompanied by the Malabsorption Syndrome
Aim: to present a clinical and morphological observation of an extremely rare combination of medullary carcinoma of the jejunum and intestinal lymphangiectasia in a 33-year-old patient with clinical features of malabsorption syndrome over the 10 years.Key points. An autopsy revealed a tumor formation spreading from the wall of the jejunum to the mesentery, with metastases to the mesenteric lymph nodes. The medullary carcinoma with positive expression of Π‘D117, DOG1, EMA, PanCK, PDL-1, vimentin, mosaic non-intense expression of CA19-9, calretinin, CD10, CDX2, CEA, MUC-5AC, SATB2, and negative reaction to ALK, CD3, CD8, CD20, CD30, CD31, CD34, CD45, CD56, chromogranin, CK7, CK20, desmin. The proliferative index was high: Ki-67 > 80 %. Moreover, during the histological examination of the intestinal wall, intestinal lymphangiectasia complicated by the malabsorption syndrome was revealed.Conclusion. The uniqueness of this clinical and morphological case is in the combination of medullary carcinoma of the jejunum metastasized to the mesenteric lymph nodes with the underlying intestinal lymphangiectasia accompanied by the development of malabsorption syndrome
The contribution of PA-X to the virulence of pandemic 2009 H1N1 and highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses
PA-X is a novel protein encoded by PA mRNA and is found to decrease the pathogenicity of pandemic 1918 H1N1 virus in mice. However, the importance of PA-X proteins in current epidemiologically important influenza A virus strains is not known. In this study, we report on the pathogenicity and pathological effects of PA-X deficient 2009 pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) and highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses. We found that loss of PA-X expression in pH1N1 and H5N1 viruses increased viral replication and apoptosis in A549 cells and increased virulence and host inflammatory response in mice. In addition, PA-X deficient pH1N1 and H5N1 viruses up-regulated PA mRNA and protein synthesis and increased viral polymerase activity. Loss of PA-X was also accompanied by accelerated nuclear accumulation of PA protein and reduced suppression of PA on non-viral protein expression. Our study highlights the effects of PA-X on the moderation of viral pathogenesis and pathogenicity
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