Sub-ballistic behavior in quantum systems with L\'evy noise

We investigate the quantum walk and the quantum kicked rotor in resonance subjected to noise with a L\'evy waiting time distribution. We find that both systems have a sub-ballistic wave function spreading as shown by a power-law tail of the standard deviation.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Amelogenin an extracellular matrix protein in the treatment of venous leg ulcers and other hard to heal wounds. experimental and clinical evidence

Abstract: Amelogenins are extracellular matrix proteins that, under physiological conditions, self-assemble into globular aggregates up to micron-sizes. Studies with periodontal fibroblasts indicate that attachment to these structures increases the endogenous secretion of multiple growth factors and cell proliferation. Pre-clinical and clinical studies indicate that cutaneous wounds benefit from treatment with amelogenins. A randomized controlled trial (RCT) involving patients with hard-to-heal venous leg ulcers (VLUs) (ie, ulcers with a surface area ≥10 cm2 and duration of ≥6 months) showed that the application of amelogenin (Xelma®, Molnlycke Health Care, Gothenburg, Sweden) as an adjunct treatment to compression results in significant reduction in ulcer size, improvement in the state of ulcers, reduced pain, and a larger proportion of ulcers with low levels of exudate, compared with treatment with compression alone. Amelogenin therapy was also shown to be safe to use in that there were no significant differences in adverse events noted between patients treated with amelogenin plus compression and those treated with compression alone. Case study evaluations indicate that the benefits of amelogenin therapy demonstrated in the RCT are being repeated in “real life” situations and that amelogenin therapy may also have a role to play in the treatment of other wound types such as diabetic foot ulcers

Distribution of chirality in the quantum walk: Markov process and entanglement

The asymptotic behavior of the quantum walk on the line is investigated focusing on the probability distribution of chirality independently of position. The long-time limit of this distribution is shown to exist and to depend on the initial conditions, and it also determines the asymptotic value of the entanglement between the coin and the position. It is shown that for given asymptotic values of both the entanglement and the chirality distribution it is possible to find the corresponding initial conditions within a particular class of spatially extended Gaussian distributions. Moreover it is shown that the entanglement also measures the degree of Markovian randomness of the distribution of chirality.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, It was accepted in Physcial Review

Expression and localization of Phosphoinositide-specific Phospholipases C in cultured and differentiating human osteoblasts

Homeostasis in the bone tissue primarily depends on the balance of the activities of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, primarily involved in bone formation and turnover (Zaidi 2007; Khosla et al 2005). Osteoblasts maintain the bone mass, and intervene in bone injuries repair. The limited number of therapeutic agents able to promote osteogenesis ingenerated great interest addressed to manipulate the activity of osteoblasts. Insights in the events leading to the differentiation and proliferation of osteoblasts might allow uncover potential molecular therapy targets to control the complex mechanisms underlying the skeletal remodeling (Marie 2015; Kawai et al 2011). Oscillations of calcium act crucially during the remodeling of bone, affecting both the differentiation and proliferation of osteoblasts. Signal transduction pathways contribute to the differentiation and metabolic activities of osteoblasts, with special regard to calcium-related signaling (Kimple et al 2011, Keinan et al 2014), including the Phosphoinositide (PI) pathway and related Phospholipases C (PLCs). In order to evaluate the role of PLC enzymes’ family in human osteoblasts (HOBs), we analyzed the expression of PLC genes and the localization of PLC enzymes both in cultured HOBs and in in vitro differentiating HOBs after 3, 10, 17 and 23 days. Our results confirm the transcription of most PLC genes and the presence of a number of PLC enzymes in HOBs, differently localized in the nucleus, in the cytoplasm or both, as well as in cell protrusions. The presence of PLC enzymes within the HOBs suggests the activation of the PI nuclear cycle in HOBs. Along both the culture and differentiation culture periods, transcripts of splicing variants of selected PLC genes were detected and the localization of most PLC enzymes varied, with special regard to enzymes belonging to the PLC , and sub-families. The behavior of selected PLC enzymes will be discussed more in detail. The presented results overall suggest that PLC signaling might provide further insights into the complex signal transduction network in bone remodeling, also representing promising molecular targets

Atypical ulcers: Diagnosis and management

Atypical ulcers show atypical clinical features, histology, localization, and resistance to standard therapies. The persistence of a chronic ulcer despite treatment with standard therapies requires a more specific diagnostic investigation. Diagnosis involves obtaining the history and performing clinical examination and additional tests. A skin biopsy is frequently used to confirm unclear diagnosis. In difficult cases, microbiological and immunohistochem-ical examinations, laboratory blood tests, or instrumental tests should be evaluated. The treatment of atypical wounds is characterized by local systemic therapy and pain control. Our results highlight the need for early diagnosis, and standardized and targeted management by a multidisciplinary wound healing center

Surrounding skin management in venous leg ulcers: A systematic review

Objectives: Chronic venous insufficiency may lead to the development of venous leg ulcers, the most common form of chronic wounds in the lower extremity. Key to venous leg ulcer care is the maintenance of healthy skin surrounding the ulcer, as failure to maintain skin integrity may influence the healing outcome. We thus reviewed the scientific literature looking for assessment and management instruments regarding this common but often neglected issue. Method: The search included all studies published between 2000 and May 2019. Keywords used were: “peri-wound skin care”, “surrounding skin venous ulcers”, “surrounding skin management leg ulcers”, and “peri-lesional skin management”. Results: Management of moisture-balance with the selection of appropriate dressings is the most important target in surrounding-wound skin care. Moreover, contact dermatitis related to products and the dressings themselves is a neglected problem in patients with chronic leg ulcers which clinicians increasingly have to manage. The literature search revealed that there is an increasing interest in the use of noninvasive assessment tools in the field of wound care, and focusing on the surrounding-wound skin plays a role in assessing the potential of wound healing. Transepidermal water loss measurement (TEWL) and ultrasonography are two of the measurement techniques available. Conclusion: The integrity of the surrounding skin is necessary for wound healing, and appropriate management is needed to address this aspect which is part of an overall approach to treating wounds