Intraoperative embolism or type I hypersensitivity reaction to gelofusine®

Despite rare reports of Type I Hypersensitivity reactions (anaphylaxis) to colloid plasma expanders, they find wide application during resuscitation and major surgeries. We present the case of a possible Type I hypersensitivity reaction to Gelofusine® in a 42-year-old female patient during oncological surgery. The delayed manifestation caused some diagnostic confusion with an embolic event. The patient was symptomatically treated and the rest of the surgery was completed uneventfully. A high index of suspicion is vital for prompt identification and treatment of anaphylaxis

Effect of Micro-Pitting on Gear Vibrations and Dynamic Excitation Source

This paper quantitatively investigates the effect of micro-pitting on Transmission Error (TE) of a pair of spur gears and its correlation with vibrations. Micro-pitting is a gear surface failure phenomenon. It changes the gear profile form. The measured profile form variation can be used to calculate Transmission Error. This paper describes the micro-pitting test rig and profile form variation measurement. Calculation method of Transmission Error from profile form error data has also been presented

Hybrid Cloud for Educational Sector

AbstractCloud is an emergent field that relates virtual memory and storage to real time application. The organization and architecture of cloud varies on the basis of its set up and uses. It has profound applications in the field ranging from education sector to social networking and extended to international relations and business. To evolve and instrument a cloud architecture by modifying the platforms and implementing the concept of hybrid cloud along with cloud building techniques, using Big Data Analytics to formulate the statistical organization of the cloud service. In this paper we propose the hybrid cloud interface where the user from different educational sectors interact with the cloud environment and request the cloud provider to showcase the resource

Relationship between Maternal Vitamin D Deficiency and Low Birth Weight Neonates

INTRODUCTION: Despite discovery of vitamin D a hundred years ago, it has been recently emerged as one of the most controversial Nutrients and prohormones of 21st century. It is found to play a major role in calcium metabolism and bone health. Normal vitamin D level is also very much needed for prevention of type 2 diabetes, Gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, cancer, preterm birth and low birth weight. Vitamin D has recently been found to promote insulin action, immunomodulation and lung function. Thus it is found to play a very important role in development of foetus. Maternal hypocalcemia may lead to development of preeclampsia and neonatal hypocalcemia, which in turn is determined by maternal vitamin D levels. There are several studies to depict the association between vitamin D levels during pregnancy and its outcome. OBJECTIVES: 1. To find out the Relationship between Maternal Vitamin D Deficiency and Low Birth Weight Neonates. 2. To explore the role of Antenatal Vitamin D intake in prevention of Low Birth weight babies. Low birth weight (LBW) refers to term or preterm neonates with birth weight < 2500 gr. These neonates may be small for gestational age or have intrauterine growth restriction. Mortality rate in such neonates is 40 times more than those with normal weight. Some investigations highlighted the effect of micronutrients on birth weight. Vitamin D (vit D) has a key role in fetal growth by its interaction with parathyroid hormone and Ca2 + homeostasis. Studies confirmed that insufficient prenatal and postnatal levels of Vitamin D have great effects on poor bone mineralization which have significant association with small for gestation age (SGA). SGA births are reported more frequent in pregnancies occurring in the winter with Vitamin D deficiency. High prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency (about a billion) has been seen among people all over the world. In this study we are intended to compare the maternal vitamin D status between LBW and normal birth weight neonates. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study is an observational case control study involving 100 delivered women divided into two equal groups one with women with babies with weight less than 2500 gm and another group with women with babies with weight more than 2500 gm. SAMPLE COLLECTION: Maternal vitamin D level was measured immediately two hours after birth by collecting 5ml of blood and determined by 25 OH vitamin D enzyme immunoassay method. CONCLUSION: My study showed a significant correlation between maternal vitamin D deficiency and low birth weight baby. This study also showed the influence of other variable like age, parity, complexion, pre pregnancy BMI, BMI at time of delivery, previous h/o low birth weight baby, diet and haemoglobin. Thus vitamin D deficiency was found to be associated with increasing age, increasing parity, dark complexion, increasing BMI and vegetarian diet

Association of Cholelithiasis, Choledocholithiasis and Hypothyroidism

INTRODUCTION: Thyroid disorder is a prevalent condition among adult population; however, it is frequently over looked.. Hypothyroidism causes low bile flow and sphincter of Oddi dysfunction and hence promotes gall stone formation. This study was done to substantiate the need for evaluating the thyroid status in patients presenting with cholelithiasis/ choledocholithiasis. AIMS: To study the prevalence of hypothyroidism in patients presenting with CHOLELITHIASIS/ CHOLEDHOCOLITHIASIS.To assess if thyroid profile is indicated in patients with biliary lithiasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is an observational and prospective study. Method of sampling was non-random, purposive. 68 patients with USG evidence of cholelithiasis/ choledocholilithiasis, were evaluated with basic investigations and additionally thyroid function test was performed. The operation procedure and related per operative factors were observed directly and recorded. RESULTS: The operation procedure and related per operative factors were observed directly and recorded in the data collection sheet instantly. Age of these selected patients ranged from 20- 70 yrs, with mean age being 47.14 yrs. 32% were male patients and 68% were female patients. The male to female ratio is 1: 2. Females were the predominant group. Thyroid function test was performed in all 68 patients out of which, 18 patients (26.4%) were found to have hypothyroidism and the rest i.e. 50 patients were euthyroid. Of these 18 patients only 2 were known hypothyroid, rest 16 patients were newly diagnosed hypothyroid patients .Of these 18 patients, 16 patients were females rest were males. 50-70 yrs were the predominant group. More than 70% of the patients with hypothyroidism belong to this group. CONCLUSION: Evaluation of thyroid profile should be a part of general workup in patients with both cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis especially in females above the age of 40yrs and patient should be treated with appropriate thyroid medications

A SCIENTIFIC REVIEW OF MOOLAM (ANO RECTAL DISEASES)-YUGIS VERSION

Worldwide, the overall prevalence of an ano rectal disease in the general population is estimated to be 4.4%. The faulty dietary pattern and life style , hereditary factors are important etiological factors of this disease. As per saint Yugi  Moolam is classified as 21 types based on clinical symptoms and size, shape, colour of the pile mass which includes some of the ano-rectal diseases. The diet and deeds which influences the vital humors Vatham  (Intestinal peristaltic movement ) and Pitham (metabolism and absorption) of food stuffs are said to be major causative factors of this disease. As per Yugis version the following ano rectal diseases under Moola noi have been categorized as, Neer moolam (Inflammatory bowel disease), Aazhi moolam (strangulated haemorrhoids), Sittru moolam (adenomatous colorectal polyps), Varal moolam (colorectal non- neoplastic polyps), Seezh moolam (kaposis sarcoma), Silaethuma moolam (anal warts condyloma), Thondha moolam (rectal cancer), Vinai moolam (irritable bowel syndrome), Powthira moolam (anal fistula), Kutha moolam (rectal prolapse), Ratha moolam (internal haemorrhoids 1st degree -bleeding piles), Mega moolam (gonococcal proctitis), Vaatha moolam (interno-external hemorrhoids), Pitha moolam (prolapsed haemorrhoids), Surukku moolam (anal stenosis), Mulai moolam (sentinel pile), Savvu moolam (perianal tuberclosis). This paper focuses the scientific basis of etiology and classification of Moolam by saint Yugi

ESTIMATION OF SERUM COPPER AND ZINC IN ANAEMIC PATIENTS

Objective: Estimation of serum zinc and copper levels in anemic patients.Methods: The study design included 30 subjects presenting to clinical laboratory, global hospitals. The subjects were divided into 2 groups. TheGroup 1 consists of 15 healthy individuals and Group 2 consists of 15 anemic patients.Results: The serum copper and zinc levels were evaluated in anemic patients. The serum copper and zinc were found to be significantly lower in  anemic patients when compared with normal individuals.Conclusion: Thus, the study concludes that the serum zinc and copper in anemic patients is significantly less when compared to the control individuals.Hence, it is important to add adequate amount of zinc and copper rich food in their diet to control the prevalence of anemia.Keywords: Anemia, Zinc, Copper, Hemoglobin

Obesity in pregnancy: maternal and perinatal outcome

Background: The objective of this study was to find out the spectrum of complications during pregnancy due to maternal obesity with incidence and to assess the neonatal outcome.Methods: Retrospective study of antenatal patients was done in Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (SVPIMSR), Ahmedabad from June 2019 to December 2019. Antenatal patients were categorized into 3 classes based on body mass index (BMI): class I=30-34.9 kg/m2, class II=35-39.9 kg/m2, and class III ≥40 kg/m2. The maternal and perinatal outcome of the patients was evaluated in relation to BMI.Results: A total of 61 women were included in the study, with 44 belonging to class I, 15 women to class II and 2 women to class III. In class I, 27% women had pre-eclampsia and its incidence increased with class II (69.2%) and class III (100%). The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases with increase in BMI (class I=5.4%, class II=7.6% and class III=50%). Incidence of fetal growth restriction (FGR) (7.6% and 2.7%) and post term pregnancy (38% and 16.2%) more in class II compared to class I respectively. Lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) rates are seen to be highest in class III (100%) as compared to class II (53%) and class I (50%). Class III (50%) women were more likely to have macrosomic babies than class II (40%) and class I (34.1%).Conclusions: Interventions directed towards weight loss and prevention of excessive weight gain must begin in the preconceptional period. Obese mothers must be counselled regarding risk and complications of obesity and importance of weight loss

IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF CARDIOSPERMUM HALICACABUM L. AGAINST EAC CELL LINE

Objective: To investigate the in vitro antioxidant and anticancer activity of chloroform and ethanol extracts of Cardiospermum halicacabum L. leaves. Methods: Phytochemicals were analysed by using standard methods. In vitro antioxidant studies were carried out for the chloroform and ethanol extracts of the Cardiospermum halicacabum using various free radical models such a DPPH, Reducing power assay, nitric oxide scavenging, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging, super oxide scavenging activity and ABTS. In vitro cytotoxic assay such as trypan blue dye exclusion and MTT assays were carried out against EAC cell line. Results: Preliminary phytochemical analysis of the Cardiospermum halicacabum L. was carried out and it revealed the presence of alkaloids, coumarine, flavones, saponins, steroids, sugar, tannins and terpenoids. The results revealed that the chloroform extract has significant antioxidant potential than ethanol extract. The result revealed that the chloroform extracts of Cardiospermum halicacabum L. showed pronounced anticancer activity against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) cell line than ethanol extract. Conclusion: The result of the present study concluded that the chloroform extract of Cardiospermum halicacabum L have significant antioxidant and anticancer activity then the ethanolic extract. The potential antioxidant and anticancer activity of Cardiospermum halicacabum L might be due to the presence of phytochemicals