Multiple-relaxation-time Finsler-Lagrange dynamics in a compressed Langmuir monolayer

In this paper an information geometric approach has been proposed to describe the two-dimensional (2d) phase transition of the first order in a monomolecular layer (monolayer) of amphiphilic molecules deposited on air/water interface. The structurization of the monolayer was simulated as an entropy evolution of a statistical set of microscopic states with a large number of relaxation times. The electrocapillary forces are considered as information constraints on the statistical manifold. The solution curves of Euler-Lagrange equations and the Jacobi field equations point out contracting pencils of geodesic trajectories on the statistical manifold, which may change into spreading ones, and converse. It was shown that the information geometrodynamics of the first-order phase transition in the Langmuir monolayer finds an appropriate realization within the Finsler-Lagrange framework

The electrolysis of water: An actuation principle for MEMS with a big opportunity

In this paper the theory of water electrolysis in a closed electrochemical cell, that contains two electrodes, an electrolyte and a pressure sensor is described. From the leakage and electrochemical experiments done with this macrocell it is possible to obtain information about the applicability of the electrochemical principle in a closed cavity, the choice of the electrodes and electrolyte, and different types of leakage. To control the pressure of the electrochemical actuator automatically, an electronic feedback system was connected to the cell. A value of the pressure is set and the regulator will actuate the electrochemical cell in such a way to get the desired pressure

Principal component analysis of some parameters used for lycopene extraction from tomatoes

The present research is on the study of lycopene extraction from different raw and processed tomatoes, using traditional extraction methods with several solvents. The influences of the temperature and the light exposure were taken into consideration. The best extraction lycopene levels were obtained when chloroform:methanol mixture was used as solvent, followed by the hexane:acetone mixture and ethanol 95%. The lycopene is better extracted at room temperature compared with refrigeration and freezing temperatures. Lyophilized tomatoes contained the highest amount of lycopene (14.11 mg/100 g), followed by dried tomatoes with 6.01 mg/100 g, tomato juice with 11.38 mg/100 g, and the fresh tomatoes with 4.13 mg/100 g

Co-electrolysis of H2O and CO2 on exsolved Ni nanoparticles for efficient syngas generation at controllable H2/CO ratios

Syngas (CO+H2) is a key-intermediate for the production of liquid fuels via the Fischer-Tropsch process. An emerging technology for generating syngas is the co-electrolysis of H2O/CO2 in solid oxide cells powered by renewable electricity. An application of this technology, however, is still challenging because the Ni-based cermet fuel electrodes are susceptible to degradation under redox and coking conditions, requiring protective hydrogen atmosphere to maintain stable operation. Perovskite oxides are the most promising alternatives due to their redox stability, extensive range of functionalities and the exsolution concept. The latter allows perovskites to be decorated with uniformly dispersed Ni nanoparticles with unique functionalities that can dramatically enhance the performance. Herein, we demonstrate the advantage of employing a nanoparticle-decorated La0.43Ca0.37Ni0.06Ti0.94O3 (LCT-Ni) perovskite to efficiently generate syngas at adjustable H2/CO ratios and simultaneously avoid the need of a reducing agent, hence decreasing the total cost and complexity of the process