About actual contradiction in geotechnical design and optimal way of it resolution

The paper describes serious and fundamental contradiction in geotechnical design, which manifested itself to the greatest extent when designing the foundations of high-rise buildings in the third quarter of the 20th century has begun to form from the late of the 19th century to the 20th years of the 20th century. Prime cause of this contradiction is in complex physical structure of soils, complex nature of their formation and, therefore, in complex form of their deformation. The article also notes the high technical and economic efficiency of using realistic physically nonlinear soil models in the design of geotechnical parts of buildings and structures. In this case such a designing is most effective when using the parameters of nonlinear models determined from data of in-situ tests. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Experience in designing the foundations of a multi-storey building on the eluvial soils of the Urals using a model of non-linear soil deformation

The article describes an example of the first design of the foundation of a high-rise building in the Middle Urals using a non-linear soil model that reflects the real deformation properties of the soil. The use of an effective model that reflects the real deformation properties of the soil has allowed to reduce the cost of the foundation by more than two times while increasing of its reliability. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Визуализация потока воздуха в вихревой трубе с использованием различных моделей турбулентности

Visualization of air flow in Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube performed by numerical simulations with standard k-ε and SAS-SST turbulence models is presented in the paper. SAS-SST turbulence model predicted the existence of secondary largescale vortex structures within the computational domain instead k-ε model showed axisymmetrical flow. Existence of large-scale secondary vortex structures is in agreement with experimental data.В статье представлены результаты визуализации потока воздуха в вихревой трубе Ранка-Хилша, выполненной с помощью численного моделирования. Были использованы k-ε и SAS-SST модели турбулентности. SAS-SST модель турбулентности показала наличие вторичных крупномасштабных вихревых структур в расчетном домене, в отличие от k-ε модели. Факт наличия крупномасштабных вторичных вихревых структур хорошо согласуется с экспериментальными данными

Transforming Yekaterinburg into a Safe, Resilient-Smart and Sustainable City

The initiative (since 2014) project described in this paper is a product of a joint innovative research and implementation effort of the Civil Engineering and Architecture Institute, Ural Federal University, the Science and Engineering Centre "Reliability and Safety of Large Systems and Machines", Ural Branch Russian Academy of Sciences (both Yekaterinburg), Start-up OptiCits, Barcelona, Spain and the Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA. The project is based on using the MAICS convergent technology [1] to create a versatile multi-purpose tool for optimizing the science and art of risk based governance of resilience-smart and sustainable city infrastructure and communities operating in usual and extreme conditions. The tool being developed is tailored to the needs of the City of Yekaterinburg-the capital of the Urals Region and allegedly the third most important and vibrant city of Russia. It is also being offered to the Yekaterinburg City Administration as an every-day decision-support work-tool and addendum to the Strategic Program "Yekaterinburg 2030 - a Safe City"[2] during preparation of the city for winning and conducting the World Expo-2025. Authors believe that the findings of this research would also be useful to the Sverdlovsk Oblast cities of every size and type of communities that inhabit them, including, first and foremost, Nizhny Tagil, Kamensk Uralsky, Serov, Pervouralsk, Revda, Verkhnyaya Pyshma, multiple mono-cities et al. The project also incorporates block-chain technology, smart contracts and digital currency as an effective tool for implementing the project. © 2018 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved

Prospects for the development of renewable energy for the energy supply of buildings in Russia

The article considers the significance of the problem of renewable energy and energy saving technology development. The potential of solar and geothermal energy in the Russian Federation, the feasibility of using stable and inexhaustible renewable energy sources for implementation in buildings and structures are discussed. Construction, operation of buildings and structures consume up to half of all generated energy in the world. The efficiency of enclosing structures significantly affects the energy saving of buildings and generates up to 30% of heat losses. Using renewable energy technology in construction is effective with enclosing structures with high thermal insulation characteristics. Territories of the Russian Federation with decentralized energy supply, characterized by low consumer power, lack of access to power grids, lack of fuel, harsh climatic conditions, and low population density, have a high potential for the implementation of renewable energy sources (RES) into the buildings. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.The work was supported by Act 211 Government of the Russian Federation, contract no. 02.A03.21.0006. Thank you to everyone who made useful comments on the text.Radionov A.A.Ulrikh D.V.Timofeyeva S.S.Alekhin V.N

Компьютерное моделирование ветровых нагрузок на высотные здания

The paper presents the results of numerical simulation of wind pressure on high rise buildings being under construction and planned in Yekaterinburg city (Russia). Simulation is performed in the program ANSYS. The simulated building is placed in a domain that is the numerical analogue of wind tunnel. Domain sizes are chosen in such a way that simulated buildings do not affect the flow of air on its boundaries. Shear stress transport (SST) turbulence model is used. In order to validate the numerical model the paper presents the results of experimental study and numerical simulation of external air flow around the cylindrical body with the diameter of 8 mm, placed on the way of free submerged jet of air. The cylinder which has simple geometry form was used due to the need to achieve the generality of the outcomes. A comparison of the results of calculation of wind pressure with the experimental data blasting building models in wind tunnels is done.В статье представлены результаты численного моделирования задачи определения ветровых давлений на строящиеся или проектируемые в г. Екатеринбурге (Россия) высотные здания. Задача решается в пакете ANSYS. Моделируемое здание и его окружение помещаются в домен, который является численным аналогом ветровой трубы. Размеры домена назначаются таким образом, чтобы объекты, входящие в домен, не влияли на движение воздуха у внешних границ домена. Для расчета используется модель SST. Для проверки правильности численной модели приводится сравнение результатов расчета с экспериментальными данными обдувки цилиндра диаметром 8 мм. Такая модель простой формы выбрана для удобства сравнения. Приведено сравнение численных результатов расчета давлений ветра на высотные здания с результатами обдувки в ветровых трубах

Оптимизация элементов стальной многоэтажной рамы с использованием генетического алгоритма

This study presents the development and implementation of the genetic algorithm model in optimization of members of steel multistory frame. The developed model shows superior results when compared to the classical model of genetic algorithm because of higher speed and stability of decision searching. The results of the frame members optimization are provided.Настоящее исследование направлено на разработку и применение модели генетического алгоритма для оптимизации стальной многоэтажной рамы. Разработанная модель показывает лучший результат по сравнению с классической моделью как по скорости, так и по устойчивости поиска решения. Приведен пример с результатами оптимизации элементов рамы