The distance calculation between pile anchors on the condition of pipeline stability for emersion

Проаналізовано відомі способи баластування трубопроводів від спливання на обводнених територіях. Для закріплення трубопроводів розроблено клиноподібні палі з анкерними виступами, зверненими уширеною стороною до поверхні. Запропоновано інженерну методику розрахунку відстані між пальовими анкерами з розширеннями по довжині стовбура для забезпечення стійкості нафто- і газопроводів при дії виштовхуючої сили води на обводнених ділянках. Для закріплення трубопроводів розроблено клиноподібні палі з анкерними виступами. Перевагою таких анкерів є кращий контакт із ущільненим ґрунтом. Досліджено взаємодію пальового анкера з основою у натурних умовах. Статичні випробування довели, що внаслідок наявності конструктивних розширень уздовж стовбура анкера зростає його опір висмикуюючому зусиллю в 1,7 раза, а питомий опір (з розрахунку на 1 м3 бетону) – у 1,4 раза порівняно з анкерами без розширень.The known methods of pipelines ballasting means of emersion on the flooded areas are analised. To consolidate the conduits, anchor performances wedge-shaped piles with turning of their extended side to the surface are developed. The principle of these anchors is to attract a larger volume of compacted soil that provides the growth of the pile capacity for pulling loads. Interaction of pile anchor with the foundation is researched in natural conditions. Static tests showed that due to the length of the barrel extension anchor increases its carrying capacity for pulling load in 1,7 times, and specific resistance (per 1 m3 of concrete) in 1,4 times compared with the anchors without extensions, which is explained by the significant increase in prism soil. The stress- strain state of the soil around the pile anchors is estimated using the modeling. Finite element method and stepper-iterative procedures were used in the software sector. Axisymmetric solutions of physically and geometrically nonlinear formulation were implemented in this software. An engineering method of the distance calculating between pile anchors with expansion of the barrel length to ensure the oil and gas pipelines stability under the action of water force on the flooded areas is proposed. The value of the estimated pulling force is defined as the load bearing capacity of single pile anchor, working on pulling the load, which primarily depends on the design of the anchor. Calculation of the wedge-shaped anchor piles with variable cross section along the length of the barrel with performances has the following features. The total resistance of a single pile anchor the device upright pulling load depends not only on the number of performances and of their size, but also on the physical and mechanical properties of the natural structure of the soil to a depth of immersion of the pile

Study of the process e+e−→ppˉe^+e^-\to p\bar{p} in the c.m. energy range from threshold to 2 GeV with the CMD-3 detector

Using a data sample of 6.8 pb$^{-1}$ collected with the CMD-3 detector at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider we select about 2700 events of the $e^+e^- \to p\bar{p}$ process and measure its cross section at 12 energy ponts with about 6\% systematic uncertainty. From the angular distribution of produced nucleons we obtain the ratio $|G_{E}/G_{M}| = 1.49 \pm 0.23 \pm 0.30$

Measurement of the Pion Form Factor in the Energy Range 1.04-1.38 GeV with the CMD-2 Detector

The cross section for the process $e^+e^-\to\pi^+\pi^-$ is measured in the c.m. energy range 1.04-1.38 GeV from 995 000 selected collinear events including 860000 $e^+e^-$ events, 82000 $\mu^+\mu^-$ events, and 33000 $\pi^+\pi^-$ events. The systematic and statistical errors of measuring the pion form factor are equal to 1.2-4.2 and 5-13%, respectively.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure

Sensitive Search for a Permanent Muon Electric Dipole Moment

We are proposing a new method to carry out a dedicated search for a permanent electric dipole moment (EDM) of the muon with a sensitivity at a level of 10^{-24} e cm. The experimental design exploits the strong motional electric field sensed by relativistic particles in a magnetic storage ring. As a key feature, a novel technique has been invented in which the g-2 precession is compensated with radial electric field. This technique will benefit greatly when the intense muon sources advocated by the developers of the muon storage rings and the muon colliders become available.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figures. Submitted for publication in Proceedings of the International Workshop on High Intensity Muon Sources (HIMUS99), KEK, Japan, December 1-4 199

The Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment and the Standard Model

The muon anomalous magnetic moment measurement, when compared with theory, can be used to test many extensions to the standard model. The most recent measurement made by the Brookhaven E821 Collaboration reduces the uncertainty on the world average of a_mu to 0.7 ppm, comparable in precision to theory. This paper describes the experiment and the current theoretical efforts to establish a correct standard model reference value for the muon anomaly.Comment: Plenary Talk; PANIC'02 XVI Particles and Nuclear International Conference, Osaka, Japan; Sept. 30 - Oct. 4, 2002; Report describes the published 0.7 ppm result and updates the theory statu

Final Report of the Muon E821 Anomalous Magnetic Moment Measurement at BNL

We present the final report from a series of precision measurements of the muon anomalous magnetic moment, a_mu = (g-2)/2. The details of the experimental method, apparatus, data taking, and analysis are summarized. Data obtained at Brookhaven National Laboratory, using nearly equal samples of positive and negative muons, were used to deduce a_mu(Expt) = 11 659 208.0(5.4)(3.3) x 10^-10, where the statistical and systematic uncertainties are given, respectively. The combined uncertainty of 0.54 ppm represents a 14-fold improvement compared to previous measurements at CERN. The standard model value for a_mu includes contributions from virtual QED, weak, and hadronic processes. While the QED processes account for most of the anomaly, the largest theoretical uncertainty, ~0.55 ppm, is associated with first-order hadronic vacuum polarization. Present standard model evaluations, based on e+e- hadronic cross sections, lie 2.2 - 2.7 standard deviations below the experimental result.Comment: Summary paper of E821 Collaboration measurements of the muon anomalous magnetic moment, each reported earlier in Letters or Brief Reports; 96 pages, 41 figures, 16 tables. Revised version submitted to PR

Search for Lorentz and CPT Violation Effects in Muon Spin Precession

The spin precession frequency of muons stored in the $(g-2)$ storage ring has been analyzed for evidence of Lorentz and CPT violation. Two Lorentz and CPT violation signatures were searched for: a nonzero $\Delta\omega_{a}$ (=$\omega_{a}^{\mu^{+}}-\omega_{a}^{\mu^{-}}$); and a sidereal variation of $\omega_{a}^{\mu^{\pm}}$. No significant effect is found, and the following limits on the standard-model extension parameters are obtained: $b_{Z} =-(1.0 \pm 1.1)\times 10^{-23}$ GeV; $(m_{\mu}d_{Z0}+H_{XY}) = (1.8 \pm 6.0 \times 10^{-23})$ GeV; and the 95% confidence level limits $\check{b}_{\perp}^{\mu^{+}}< 1.4 \times 10^{-24}$ GeV and $\check{b}_{\perp}^{\mu^{-}} < 2.6 \times 10^{-24}$ GeV.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letters, Modified to answer the referees suggestion