100 research outputs found
A Comparative study of Insight in Schizophrenia and Mania.
Introduction:
Impaired awareness of illness has been known for hundreds of years. In
1604 in his play, "the honest whore", thomas dekker has a character say:
"that proves you mad because you know it not". Among neurologists,
Unawareness of illness is well known since it also occurs in some individuals
With stroke, brain tumors, alzheimer's disease and huntington's disease. The
Term âanosognosiaâ was first used by a french neurologist in 1914 (prigatono
And schacter, 1991).
The oxford english dictionary defines insight as "an inner sight, a
Discernment, a wisdom (or) glimpse of you beneath the surfaceâ. To put it
Simply, it means the capacity to understand the hidden truth. Insight, as a
Concept of a symptom, got introduced during the later part of the 19th century
By dagonet (1881).
In 1934, aubrey lewis provided a temporary definition of insight: âa
Correct attitude to morbid change in oneselfâ, but warned that the words
âcorrectâ, âattitudeâ, âmorbidâ and âchangeâ each called for discussion. He also
Said, âall questions of the judgment of reality, such asâŠ. The consideration of
Insight, go to the root of the psychopathology of different conditionsâ
The usage of the word by gestalt psychologists for an âahaâ experience
(harre and lamb, 1983; conrad, 1958) and the psychoanalytic classification
Into âemotionalâ and âintellectualâ is avoided here (zilborg, 1952; sandler et al.,
1973).
Our study is restricted to the usage of the word for recognizing oneâs
Own mental disorder, medication effects, social consequences, awareness and
Attribution of signs and symptoms.
Even in our clinical setting, some patients with schizophrenia do accept
That they have something wrong in them even though they decline to accept
That they have a psychiatric illness.
Probably their sociocultural and religious matrix colors their expression.
At times even if the patient denies mental disorder, he accepts distress
And accepts drugs without protesting. So, here is the question whether insight is
An all (or) none phenomenon.
Insight is a multidimensional and not an unitary phenomenon (amador,
Et al., 1993).
The component dimensions of insight are continuous rather than
Dichotomous phenomena. In other words one can have partial insight.
Insight into mental disorder may be modality specific i.e. The level of
Insight can vary across the many manifestations of illness. For example a
Patient may be aware of his flat affect, but he may be unaware of his asociality.
Insight comprises of the processes of awareness and attribution.
Awareness is the recognition of signs or symptoms of illness, while attribution
Refers to explanations about the cause or source of the signs or symptoms.
A patient may be aware of "alogia" but may not attribute the decrease in
Verbal abilities to a mental disorder.
A patient may deny that he is currently mentally ill, but may accept that
He was mentally ill in the past.
Again, a patient may deny having mental illness and still accept
Treatment and vice versa
Surface structure of Quark stars with magnetic fields
We investigate the impact of magnetic fields on the electron distribution in
the electrosphere of quark stars. For moderately strong magnetic fields G, quantization effects are generally weak due to the large number
density of electrons at surface, but can nevertheless affect the spectral
features of quark stars. We outline the main observational characteristics of
quark stars as determined by their surface emission, and briefly discuss their
formation in explosive events termed Quark-Novae, which may be connected to the
-process.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures. Contribution to the proceedings of the IXth
Workshop on High Energy Physics Phenomenology (WHEPP-9), Bhubaneswar, India,
3-14 Jan. 200
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene Polymorphism in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Several genetic investigations have been attempted to elucidate the association of gene polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in coronary artery disease. This study was conducted to investigate the role of gene polymorphism of ACE in patients with coronary artery disease. The study included fifty-six numbers of patients with atherosclerotic coronary artery disease where proven angiographically and fifty-six numbers of healthy individuals of sex matched as a control group. The patients and control group were subjected to routine investigations, assays like, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density Lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C). Genomic DNA was extracted and analyzed for angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). When we compared the genotypes of patients with coronary artery disease and controls, it was observed that all three genotypes were not statistically different also no significant difference of alleles in ACE gene genotypes was found. Inpatient serum cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL-C (P <0.001, P <0.001 and P <0.001: respectively) showed a significant increase than the control group. In patients, LDL-C level was not more significant than controls. In the evaluated population, we conclude that the gene I/D polymorphism for ACE are not risk associated and may not be a useful marker for coronary artery disease
Caprellids (Crustacea: Amphipoda) from India
The caprellid fauna of India is investigated. A
total of 538 samples (including algae, seagrasses, sponges,
hydroids, ascidians, bryozoans, encrusted dead corals, coral
rubble, fine and coarse sediments) were collected from 39
stations along the coast of India, covering a wide diversity
of habitats from intertidal to 12 m water depth. A new
species (Jigurru longimanus n.sp.) is described, and figures
of the 11 valid species reported so far from India are given
together with a key for their identification. No caprellids
were found in sediments from the northeast (16â208N)
coast of India while they were abundant in the southeast
and west coast. Decreases in salinity due to river discharges
associated with lower values of oxygen, higher water
temperatures and lower nutrient inputs along the east coast
could explain these differences in caprellid composition
between the two coastlines. Significantly, lower abundance
of caprellids in India, as in other tropical ecosystems, is
probably related to the lack of species belonging to the
genus Caprella, which reach very high abundances in
temperate waters.Ministerio de EducaciĂłn y Ciencia de España y fondos FEDER de la UniĂłn Europea. CGL2007-60044/ BOSConsejerĂa de InnovaciĂłn, Ciencia y Empresa, Junta de AndalucĂa, España. P07-RNM-02524Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) de India. DOD/10-MLR/1/2002/DT 19.12.200
Neutrino emission in neutron matter from magnetic moment interactions
Neutrino emission drives neutron star cooling for the first several hundreds
of years after its birth. Given the low energy ( keV) nature of this
process, one expects very few nonstandard particle physics contributions which
could affect this rate. Requiring that any new physics contributions involve
light degrees of freedom, one of the likely candidates which can affect the
cooling process would be a nonzero magnetic moment for the neutrino. To
illustrate, we compute the emission rate for neutrino pair bremsstrahlung in
neutron-neutron scattering through photon-neutrino magnetic moment coupling. We
also present analogous differential rates for neutrino scattering off nucleons
and electrons that determine neutrino opacities in supernovae. Employing
current upper bounds from collider experiments on the tau magnetic moment, we
find that the neutrino emission rate can exceed the rate through neutral
current electroweak interaction by a factor two, signalling the importance of
new particle physics input to a standard calculation of relevance to neutron
star cooling. However, astrophysical bounds on the neutrino magnetic moment
imply smaller effects.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figur
Influences of nano zero valent ion of kaolin and Fe2+ supported kaolin nanoparticles for metal ion separation thorough ultrafiltration
In this work, clay based nanocomposite material was synthesized by wet chemical route and nano zero valent ion of kaolin (nZVI:Kaolin) were prepared using sodium borohydride reduction method. The nZVI:Kaolin and Fe:Kaolin nanoparticles were characterized using XRD, FTIR and SEM and antimicrobial activity. The nZVI:Kaolin and Fe:Kaolin were incorporated into polyethersulfone (PES) membranes for metal ion separation through ultrafiltration. The influences of nZVI:Kaolin and Fe supported clay nanoparticles on PES membranes were characterized their modification in functional properties, hydrophilicity and morphological structure. The clean water flux was enhanced to PES membrane by addition of nZVI:Kaolin and Fe:Kaolin nanoparticles. The Cu (ii), Ni (ii) and Cd (ii) metal ions flux was increased for 0.15 wt% of nZVI and Fe:Kaolin nanoparticles in PES which is due to increase in hydrophilicity and change in morphological structure
Thermal Photons in Strong Interactions
A brief survey is given on the current status of evaluating thermal
production of photons from a strongly interacting medium. Emphasis is put on
recent progress in assessing equilibrium emission rates in both hadronic and
quark-gluon matter. We also give an update on the status of comparing
theoretical calculations with experimental data from heavy-ion collisions at
the SPS, as well as prospects for RHIC. Finally, applications of photon rate
calculations to colorsuperconducting quark matter are discussed.Comment: Brief Review for Mod. Phys. Lett A, 15 pages latex incl. 12 ps/eps
figs and style file ws-mpla.cl
Photon emission from bare quark stars
We investigate the photon emission from the electrosphere of a quark star. It
is shown that at temperatures T\sim 0.1-1 MeV the dominating mechanism is the
bremsstrahlung due to bending of electron trajectories in the mean Coulomb
field of the electrosphere. The radiated energy for this mechanism is much
larger than that for the Bethe-Heitler bremsstrahlung. The energy flux from the
mean field bremsstrahlung exceeds the one from the tunnel e^{+}e^{-} pair
creation as well. We demonstrate that the LPM suppression of the photon
emission is negligible.Comment: 35 pages, 5 figure
Sigma Terms of Light-Quark Hadrons
A calculation of the current-quark mass dependence of hadron masses can help
in using observational data to place constraints on the variation of nature's
fundamental parameters. A hadron's sigma-term is a measure of this dependence.
The connection between a hadron's sigma-term and the Feynman-Hellmann theorem
is illustrated with an explicit calculation for the pion using a rainbow-ladder
truncation of the Dyson-Schwinger equations: in the vicinity of the chiral
limit sigma_pi = m_pi/2. This truncation also provides a decent estimate of
sigma_rho because the two dominant self-energy corrections to the rho-meson's
mass largely cancel in their contribution to sigma_rho. The truncation is less
accurate for the omega, however, because there is little to compete with an
omega->rho+pi self-energy contribution that magnifies the value of sigma_omega
by ~25%. A Poincare' covariant Faddeev equation, which describes baryons as
composites of confined-quarks and -nonpointlike-diquarks, is solved to obtain
the current-quark mass dependence of the masses of the nucleon and Delta, and
thereby sigma_N and sigma_Delta. This "quark-core" piece is augmented by the
"pion cloud" contribution, which is positive. The analysis yields sigma_N~60MeV
and sigma_Delta~50MeV.Comment: 22 pages, reference list expande
Probing mSUGRA via the Extreme Universe Space Observatory
An analysis is carried out within mSUGRA of the estimated number of events
originating from upward moving ultra-high energy neutralinos that could be
detected by the Extreme Universe Space Observatory (EUSO). The analysis
exploits a recently proposed technique that differentiates ultra-high energy
neutralinos from ultra-high energy neutrinos using their different absorption
lengths in the Earth's crust. It is shown that for a significant part of the
parameter space, where the neutralino is mostly a Bino and with squark mass
TeV, EUSO could see ultra-high energy neutralino events with
essentially no background. In the energy range 10^9 GeV < E < 10^11 GeV, the
unprecedented aperture of EUSO makes the telescope sensitive to neutralino
fluxes as low as 1.1 \times 10^{-6} (E/GeV)^{-1.3} GeV^{-1} cm^{-2} yr^{-1}
sr^{-1}, at the 95% CL. Such a hard spectrum is characteristic of supermassive
particles' -body hadronic decay. The case in which the flux of ultra-high
energy neutralinos is produced via decay of metastable heavy particles with
uniform distribution throughout the universe is analyzed in detail. The
normalization of the ratio of the relics' density to their lifetime has been
fixed so that the baryon flux produced in the supermassive particle decays
contributes to about 1/3 of the events reported by the AGASA Collaboration
below 10^{11} GeV, and hence the associated GeV gamma-ray flux is in complete
agreement with EGRET data. For this particular case, EUSO will collect between
4 and 5 neutralino events (with 0.3 of background) in ~ 3 yr of running. NASA's
planned mission, the Orbiting Wide-angle Light-collectors (OWL), is also
briefly discussed in this context.Comment: Some discussion added, final version to be published in Physical
Review
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