1,753 research outputs found
Entangled photons from a strongly coupled quantum dot-cavity system
A quantum dot strongly coupled to a photonic crystal has been recently
proposed as a source of entangled photon pairs [R. Johne et al., Phys. Rev.
Lett. 100, 240404 (2008)]. The biexction decay via intermediate polariton
states can be used to overcome the natural splitting between the exciton states
coupled to the horizontally and vertically polarized light modes, so that high
degrees of entanglement can be expected. We investigate theoretically the
features of realistic dot-cavity systems, including the effect of the different
oscillator strength of excitons resonances coupled to the different
polarizations of light. We show that in this case, an independent adjustment of
the cavity resonances is needed in order to keep a high entanglement degree. We
also consider the case when the biexciton-exciton transition is also strongly
coupled to a cavity mode. We show that a very fast emission rate can be
achieved allowing the repetition rates in the THz range. Such fast emission
should however be paid for by a very complex tuning of the many strongly
coupled resonances involved and by a loss of quantum efficiency. Altogether a
strongly coupled dot-cavity system seems to be very promising as a source of
entangled photon pairs.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure
Geometry of the 3-Qubit State, Entanglement and Division Algebras
We present a generalization to 3-qubits of the standard Bloch sphere
representation for a single qubit and of the 7-dimensional sphere
representation for 2 qubits presented in Mosseri {\it et
al.}\cite{Mosseri2001}. The Hilbert space of the 3-qubit system is the
15-dimensional sphere , which allows for a natural (last) Hopf
fibration with as base and as fiber. A striking feature is, as in
the case of 1 and 2 qubits, that the map is entanglement sensitive, and the two
distinct ways of un-entangling 3 qubits are naturally related to the Hopf map.
We define a quantity that measures the degree of entanglement of the 3-qubit
state. Conjectures on the possibility to generalize the construction for higher
qubit states are also discussed.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures, final versio
Using of small-scale quantum computers in cryptography with many-qubit entangled states
We propose a new cryptographic protocol. It is suggested to encode
information in ordinary binary form into many-qubit entangled states with the
help of a quantum computer. A state of qubits (realized, e.g., with photons) is
transmitted through a quantum channel to the addressee, who applies a quantum
computer tuned to realize the inverse unitary transformation decoding of the
message. Different ways of eavesdropping are considered, and an estimate of the
time needed for determining the secret unitary transformation is given. It is
shown that using even small quantum computers can serve as a basis for very
efficient cryptographic protocols. For a suggested cryptographic protocol, the
time scale on which communication can be considered secure is exponential in
the number of qubits in the entangled states and in the number of gates used to
construct the quantum network
Multiphoton localization and propagating quantum gap solitons in a frequency gap medium
The many-particle spectrum of an isotropic frequency gap medium doped with
impurity resonance atoms is studied using the Bethe ansatz technique. The
spectrum is shown to contain pairs of quantum correlated ``gap excitations''
and their heavy bound complexes (``gap solitons''), enabling the propagation of
quantum information within the classically forbidden gap. In addition,
multiparticle localization of the radiation and the medium polarization occurs
when such a gap soliton is pinned to the impurity atom.Comment: 8 pages, RevTEX, to appear in Phys. Rev. Let
Quantum Cryptography Based on the Time--Energy Uncertainty Relation
A new cryptosystem based on the fundamental time--energy uncertainty relation
is proposed. Such a cryptosystem can be implemented with both correlated photon
pairs and single photon states.Comment: 5 pages, LaTex, no figure
Remarks on the Central Limit Theorem for Non-Convex Bodies
In this note, we study possible extensions of the Central Limit Theorem for
non-convex bodies. First, we prove a Berry-Esseen type theorem for a certain
class of unconditional bodies that are not necessarily convex. Then, we
consider a widely-known class of non-convex bodies, the so-called p-convex
bodies, and construct a counter-example for this class
Separable approximation for mixed states of composite quantum systems
We describe a purely algebraic method for finding the best separable
approximation to a mixed state of a composite 2x2 quantum system, consisting of
a decomposition of the state into a linear combination of a mixed separable
part and a pure entangled one. We prove that, in a generic case, the weight of
the pure part in the decomposition equals the concurrence of the state.Comment: 13 pages, no figures; minor changes; accepted for publication in PR
Neutrinos in a spherical box
In the present paper we study some neutrino properties as they may appear in
the low energy neutrinos emitted in triton decay with maximum neutrino energy
of 18.6 keV. The technical challenges to this end can be achieved by building a
very large TPC capable of detecting low energy recoils, down to a a few tenths
of a keV, within the required low background constraints. More specifically We
propose the development of a spherical gaseous TPC of about 10-m in radius and
a 200 Mcurie triton source in the center of curvature. One can list a number of
exciting studies, concerning fundamental physics issues, that could be made
using a large volume TPC and low energy antineutrinos: 1) The oscillation
length involving the small angle of the neutrino mixing matrix, directly
measured in this disappearance experiment, is fully contained inside the
detector. Measuring the counting rate of neutrino-electron elastic scattering
as a function of the distance of the source will give a precise and unambiguous
measurement of the oscillation parameters free of systematic errors. In fact
first estimates show that even with a year's data taking a sensitivity of a few
percent for the measurement of the above angle will be achieved. 2) The low
energy detection threshold offers a unique sensitivity for the neutrino
magnetic moment which is about two orders of magnitude beyond the current
experimental limit. 3) Scattering at such low neutrino energies has never been
studied and any departure from the expected behavior may be an indication of
new physics beyond the standard model. In this work we mainly focus on the
various theoretical issues involved including a precise determination of the
Weinberg angle at very low momentum transfer.Comment: 16 Pages, LaTex, 7 figures, talk given at NANP 2003, Dubna, Russia,
June 23, 200
All-Versus-Nothing Proof of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering is a form of quantum nonlocality
intermediate between entanglement and Bell nonlocality. Although Schr\"odinger
already mooted the idea in 1935, steering still defies a complete
understanding. In analogy to "all-versus-nothing" proofs of Bell nonlocality,
here we present a proof of steering without inequalities rendering the
detection of correlations leading to a violation of steering inequalities
unnecessary. We show that, given any two-qubit entangled state, the existence
of certain projective measurement by Alice so that Bob's normalized conditional
states can be regarded as two different pure states provides a criterion for
Alice-to-Bob steerability. A steering inequality equivalent to the
all-versus-nothing proof is also obtained. Our result clearly demonstrates that
there exist many quantum states which do not violate any previously known
steering inequality but are indeed steerable. Our method offers advantages over
the existing methods for experimentally testing steerability, and sheds new
light on the asymmetric steering problem.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures. Accepted in Sci. Re
Modified gravity with negative and positive powers of the curvature: unification of the inflation and of the cosmic acceleration
The modified gravity, which eliminates the need for dark energy and which
seems to be stable, is considered. The terms with positive powers of the
curvature support the inflationary epoch while the terms with negative powers
of the curvature serve as effective dark energy, supporting current cosmic
acceleration. The equivalent scalar-tensor gravity may be compatible with the
simplest solar system experiments.Comment: 23 pages, 3 figures, discussion is extended, references added,
version to appear in PR
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