Asymmetric synthesis of 2-substituted oxetan-3-ones via metalated SAMP/RAMP hydrazones

2-Substituted oxetan-3-ones can be prepared in good yields and enantioselectivities (up to 84% ee) by the metalation of the SAMP/RAMP hydrazones of oxetan-3-one, followed by reaction with a range of electrophiles that include alkyl, allyl, and benzyl halides. Additionally, both chiral 2,2- and 2,4-disubstituted oxetan-3-ones can be made in high ee (86–90%) by repetition of this lithiation/alkylation sequence under appropriately controlled conditions. Hydrolysis of the resultant hydrazones with aqueous oxalic acid provides the 2-substituted oxetan-3-ones without detectable racemization

The F-Landscape: Dynamically Determining the Multiverse

We evolve our Multiverse Blueprints to characterize our local neighborhood of the String Landscape and the Multiverse of plausible string, M- and F-theory vacua. Building upon the tripodal foundations of i) the Flipped SU(5) Grand Unified Theory (GUT), ii) extra TeV-Scale vector-like multiplets derived out of F-theory, and iii) the dynamics of No-Scale Supergravity, together dubbed No-Scale F-SU(5), we demonstrate the existence of a continuous family of solutions which might adeptly describe the dynamics of distinctive universes. This Multiverse landscape of F-SU(5) solutions, which we shall refer to as the F-Landscape, accommodates a subset of universes compatible with the presently known experimental uncertainties of our own universe. We show that by secondarily minimizing the minimum of the scalar Higgs potential of each solution within the F-Landscape, a continuous hypervolume of distinct minimum minimorum can be engineered which comprise a regional dominion of universes, with our own universe cast as the bellwether. We conjecture that an experimental signal at the LHC of the No-Scale F-SU(5) framework's applicability to our own universe might sensibly be extrapolated as corroborating evidence for the role of string, M- and F-theory as a master theory of the Multiverse, with No-Scale supergravity as a crucial and pervasive reinforcing structure.Comment: 15 Pages, 7 Figures, 1 Tabl

Gauge Threshold Corrections for Local String Models

We study gauge threshold corrections for local brane models embedded in a large compact space. A large bulk volume gives important contributions to the Konishi and super-Weyl anomalies and the effective field theory analysis implies the unification scale should be enhanced in a model-independent way from M_s to R M_s. For local D3/D3 models this result is supported by the explicit string computations. In this case the scale R M_s comes from the necessity of global cancellation of RR tadpoles sourced by the local model. We also study D3/D7 models and discuss discrepancies with the effective field theory analysis. We comment on phenomenological implications for gauge coupling unification and for the GUT scale.Comment: 30 pages; v2: references added, minor typos correcte

Just Say \u27No\u27

The article discusses the prevention of financial fraud within corporations and businesses in the United States. The types of individuals named in the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) files are examined. Different fraud techniques are looked at, including sham sales, the recording of conditional sales, and unauthorized shipments. The author discusses the status of firms after fraud disclosure and the implications it has for finance professionals

Fast Proton Decay

We consider proton decay in the testable flipped SU(5) X U(1)_X models with TeV-scale vector-like particles which can be realized in free fermionic string constructions and F-theory model building. We significantly improve upon the determination of light threshold effects from prior studies, and perform a fresh calculation of the second loop for the process p \to e^+ \pi^0 from the heavy gauge boson exchange. The cumulative result is comparatively fast proton decay, with a majority of the most plausible parameter space within reach of the future Hyper-Kamiokande and DUSEL experiments. Because the TeV-scale vector-like particles can be produced at the LHC, we predict a strong correlation between the most exciting particle physics experiments of the coming decade.Comment: RevTex4, 5 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, comments added, version to appear in PL

Top 10 Audit Deficiencies

The article focuses on financial statement fraud based on cases wherein the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission sanctioned auditors for their association with fraudulent financial statements. All of the cases involved public companies, most of which engaged ill fraudulent financial reporting. Only a few engaged in misappropriation of assets or defalcation. The most common problem, alleged in 90% of the cases, was the auditor\u27s failure to gather sufficient evidence. In some instances, this failure was pervasive throughout the engagement while in other instances the allegations were more specific. For example, many of the cases involved inadequate evidence in the areas of asset valuation, asset ownership and management representations. Some cases involved the auditor\u27s failure to examine relevant supporting documents or failure to perform steps listed in the audit program. Overall, this failure contributed to management\u27s success in overstating assets, the most common fraud technique

Electronic properties of buried hetero-interfaces of LaAlO3 on SrTiO3

We have made very thin films of LaAlO3 on TiO2 terminated SrTiO3 and have measured the properties of the resulting interface in various ways. Transport measurements show a maximum sheet carrier density of 1016 cm-2 and a mobility around 104 cm2 V-1 s-1. In situ ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) indicates that for these samples a finite density of states exists at the Fermi level. From the oxygen pressure dependence measured in both transport as well as the UPS, we detail, as reported previously by us, that oxygen vacancies play an important role in the creation of the charge carriers and that these vacancies are introduced by the pulsed laser deposition process used to make the heterointerfaces. Under the conditions studied the effect of LaAlO3 on the carrier density is found to be minimal.Comment: 19 pages, 6 figure

Super No-Scale F-SU(5): A Dynamic Determination of M_{1/2} and tan beta

We study the Higgs potential in No-Scale F-SU(5), a model built on the tripodal foundations of the Flipped SU(5) x U(1)_X Grand Unified Theory, extra F-theory derived TeV scale vector-like particle multiplets, and the high scale boundary conditions of No-Scale Supergravity. V_min, the minimum of the potential following radiative electroweak symmetry breaking, is a function at fixed Z-Boson mass of the universal gaugino boundary mass M_{1/2} and tan{\beta}, the ratio of Higgs vacuum expectation values. The No-Scale nullification of the bilinear Higgs soft term B_mu at the boundary reduces V_min(M_{1/2}) to a one dimensional dependency, which may be secondarily minimized. This "Super No-Scale" condition dynamically fixes tan beta and M_{1/2} at the local minimum minimorum of V_min. Fantastically, the walls of this theoretically established secondary potential coalesce in descent to a striking concurrency with the previously phenomenologically favored "golden point" and "golden strip".Comment: V2, As accepted to Physics Letters B; 8 Pages, 2 Plots, 1 Tabl