Projeto integrado como estratégia de desenho fundamentada nas exigencias de desempenho do edifício

From all the participants in the construction process, the design team is the weakest bond. When there is an anomaly inservice or even during the execution of the work, the first step is to find an error in the project. Today, design is almost arisky profession. As the project is not a single, but a summation of specifications, is always possible to find somecontradictory information between of any detail on any of them.As the project is now ultimately responsible for the performance of a building effectiveness, it is essential that thedefinition of the various elements that make up the collection of systems to be built together as an INTEGRATEDSYSTEM. If the search of the solution is sustained in by the various disciplines, it will thus be possible to substantiaterigorously every design decision. However, to manage this joint is necessary to find a common methodology, theINTEGRATED DESIGN. Each project will be part of a unique solution to build a single. Color, lighting, naturalventilation, spatial organization, can be parameterized to jointly define the CONSTRUCTION DESIG.In this article is presented an integrated strategy to articulate the information of the disciplines involved in theconstruction process

Projeto integrado como estratégia de desenho fundamentada nas exigencias de desempenho do edifício

From all the participants in the construction process, the design team is the weakest bond. When there is an anomaly inservice or even during the execution of the work, the first step is to find an error in the project. Today, design is almost arisky profession. As the project is not a single, but a summation of specifications, is always possible to find somecontradictory information between of any detail on any of them.As the project is now ultimately responsible for the performance of a building effectiveness, it is essential that thedefinition of the various elements that make up the collection of systems to be built together as an INTEGRATEDSYSTEM. If the search of the solution is sustained in by the various disciplines, it will thus be possible to substantiaterigorously every design decision. However, to manage this joint is necessary to find a common methodology, theINTEGRATED DESIGN. Each project will be part of a unique solution to build a single. Color, lighting, naturalventilation, spatial organization, can be parameterized to jointly define the CONSTRUCTION DESIG.In this article is presented an integrated strategy to articulate the information of the disciplines involved in theconstruction process

Estudo e ensaios experimentais destinados à caracterização do comportamento dinâmico de estruturas mecânicas de transformadores de potência quando sujeitos a curto-circuito

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia MecânicaDevido ao crescimento da competitividade do mercado global, ao aumento da capacidade da rede de distribuição elétrica e das normas mais restritas ao nível do ruído, os produtores de equipamentos como um transformador de potência, têm de otimizar constantemente os seus produtos. A empresa Efacec Energia S.A. não é exceção. Deste modo, o trabalho apresentado, vem precisamente efetuar uma tentativa de melhoramento estrutural do grande reforço utilizado pela empresa referida nos seus transformadores de alta potência do tipo-Shell. Neste trabalho, apresenta-se a seleção de um novo modelo de grande reforço, cuja geometria e/ou material de fabricação foram alterados para permitir uma redução de massa e um aumento da eficiência estrutural. São também apresentados ensaios mecânicos de materiais, para a validação e determinação dos valores reais das características mecânicas usadas na fabricação destes componentes. Adicionalmente, os dados gerados por estes ensaios, serão usados em simulações numéricas para otimização e determinação do comportamento desta estrutura. Finalmente, neste texto, apresenta-se a caracterização dinâmica do grande reforço, pela apresentação dos resultados decorrentes de análises modais experimentais e numéricas. Estes estabelecem que o componente em questão tem frequências naturais, em corpo livre, próximas das de excitação de um transformador.Due to the increase of competiveness in the global market, the constant increase of the capacity of power lines and the more restrictive noise policies, the manufacturers of equipment such as a Power Transformer, have to constantly update their products. The company Efacec Energia S.A. is no exception. Given this statement, the information presented in the thesis, shows an attempt to optimize the main frame, used the referred company in their Shell-type Power Transformers. In this dissertation, it is shown the selection of a new model of main frame, with a different internal geometry and/or manufacturing material, in order to reduce mass and increase structural efficiency. There are also presented tensile tests to materials used in the manufacturing of the referred structure, in order to determine and validate their real mechanical characteristics. Additionally, the generated data will be used in the optimization and the determination of the dynamic behavior of this structure, recurring it numerical simulations. There are also presents mechanical testing to materials that are being considered to substitute the current ones used in the manufacturing of this structure. Additionally, the generated data will be used to perform numerical simulations, to further optimize and determine the deformation behavior of the main frame. Finally, it will be shown the characterization of the dynamic behavior of the main frame, by the presentation of the information collected by the execution of experimental and numerical modal analysis. The results of these tests determine that, in free body conditions, the main frame has resonance frequencies in the proximity of the excitation frequencies of the power transformer

Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões: Acompanhamento dos trabalhos de Fundações e Estruturas de Suporte.

Infraestrutura com mais de um século de história, o Porto de Leixões encontra-se em fase de renovação com a criação de um emblemático Edifício de Terminal de Cruzeiros. Obra de arquitetura arrojada, o edifício é implantado em condições geológico-geotécnicas adversas e na convivência com o efeito da água do mar e das respetivas marés. O presente relatório é relativo a um Estágio realizado na obra numa fase de execução dos trabalhos de fundações e de contenções periféricas (ensecadeira). Apresentam-se as soluções sugeridas em projeto, as soluções apresentadas inicialmente pelo construtor e as alternativas a estas, propostas já durante a obra. Descrevem-se as diferentes soluções, identificando os equipamentos, recursos humanos e procedimentos envolvidos. Comparam-se os respetivos rendimentos e custos. Apresenta-se o Plano de Instrumentação e de Monitorização implementado em obra. Descreve-se em pormenor o trabalho realizado pelo estagiário, em obra, no decurso do estágio.Infrastructure with over a century of history, the Port of Leixões is undergoing renovation with the creation of an iconic Cruise Terminal. Work of bold architecture, the building is located in adverse geological and geotechnical conditions and living with the effects of seawater and the respective flows. The current report is related to a internship. in the construction above mentioned, in the implementation phase of foundations works and peripheral contentions (caisson). It presents the suggested solutions in project, the solutions presented initially by the manufacturer and alternatives to these proposals, developed during the construction. It describes the various approaches, identifying the equipment, manpower and procedures involved. It compares the respective yields and costs. It presents the Instrumentation and Monitoring Plan implemented in work. It describes in detail, the work performed by the trainee, in the construction, during the internship

Desenvolvimento socioeconômico e ICMS ecológico: uma análise da correlação entre o ICMS Ecológico e o IDHM dos municípios brasileiros

O objetivo deste texto é verificar o tipo de correlação entre os índices de desenvolvimento humano municipal e o volume financeiro do repasse per capita recebido pelos municípios dos estados brasileiros onde vigora o ICMS Ecológico (ICMS-E). Os resultados demonstraram que existe uma correlação inversa, estatisticamente significativa, entre o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDHM) e a dotação de ICMS-E per capita por município: os municípios (e estados) que receberam os maiores valores per capita do repasse ecológico também são aqueles menos desenvolvidos do ponto de vista socioeconômico. Isso significa que, além de estimular a proteção ambiental (objetivo primeiro), o ICMS Ecológico é socialmente progressivo, ou seja, também contribui positivamente para a melhoria da distribuição de renda no país

Desenvolvimento de modelos estatísticos para previsão de concentrações de Ozono

Tese de mestrado integrado. Engenharia Química. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 200

Vibration damping and acoustic behavior of PU-filled non-stochastic aluminum cellular solids

Aluminum-based cellular solids are promising lightweight structural materials considering their high specific strength and vibration damping, being potential candidates for future railway vehicles with enhanced riding comfort and low fuel consumption. The filling of these lattices with polymer-based (i.e., polyurethane) foams may further improve the overall vibration/noise-damping without significantly increasing their density. This study explores the dynamic (i.e., frequency response) and acoustic properties of unfilled and polyurethane-filled aluminum cellular solids to characterize their behavior and explore their benefits in terms of vibration and noise-damping. It is shown that polyurethane filling can increase the vibration damping and transmission loss, especially if the infiltration process uses flexible foams. Considering sound reflection, however, it is shown that polyurethane filled samples (0.27–0.30 at 300 Hz) tend to display lower values of sound absorption coefficient relatively to unfilled samples (0.75 at 600 Hz), is this attributed to a reduction in overall porosity, tortuosity and flow resistivity. Foam-filled samples (43–44 dB at 700–1200 Hz) were shown to be more suitable to reduce sound transmission rather than reflection than unfilled samples (21 dB at 700 Hz). It was shown that the morphology of these cellular solids might be optimized depending on the desired application: (i) unfilled aluminum cellular solids are appropriate to mitigate internal noises due to their high sound absorption coefficient; and (ii) PU filled cellular solids are appropriate to prevent exterior noises and vibration damping due to their high transmission loss in a wide range of frequencies and vibration damping.This work was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia FCT under the research Doctoral Grant PD/BD/114096/2015, project UIDP/04077/2020 and UIDB/04436/2020, and Stimulus of Scientific Employment Application CEECIND/03991/2017

Significance of cell number on the bulk elastic properties of auxetic reentrant lattices

Auxetics are characterized by a negative Poisson’s ratio, expanding/contracting in tension/compression. Given this behavior, they are expected topossess high shear, fracture and indentation resistance, and superior damping. The lack of natural isotropic auxetics promoted an effort to designstructures that mimic this behavior, e.g. reentrant model. This last is based on honeycombs with inverted protruding ribs. Commonly, this modelis employed in lattices and has been thoroughly studied in terms of mechanical properties and deformation behavior. Given that the amount ofcells has an influence in the overall internal structural behavior, there seems to be an absence of data that determines the minimum number of cellsfor such structure to present internal static bulk properties. Recurring to FEA, this study determines the minimum number of cells to obtain anoverall face constrained auxetic lattice with internal bulk elastic behavior, namely in terms of normalized Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio. Itis shown that adding reentrant cells increases the Poisson’s ratio on an exponential rise to maximum function, reducing the normalized Young’smodulus on an exponential decay function. Fundamentally, a minimum number of 13 cells per row to obtain an internal bulk behavior in latticeswith constrained faces.Supported by the project iRAIL Innovation in Railway Systems and Technologies Doctoral Programme funds and by national funds through FCT – Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology and was developed on the aim of the Doctoral grant PD/BD/114096/2015