Comparison of consensus promoter with other σ bacterial consensus promoters Black boxes correspond to nucleotides that appear in 51% of promoter consensus sequences analyzed

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "The σ (SigA) factor recognizes a lax consensus promoter"</p><p>Nucleic Acids Research 2006;34(5):1470-1480.</p><p>Published online 9 Mar 2006</p><p>PMCID:PMC1401509.</p><p>© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved</p> S (C or G), W (A or T), N (any nucleotide)

Gene order comparison of the legume plastome, with as a reference, is principally produced by MAUVE

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Rapid evolutionary change of common bean (L) plastome, and the genomic diversification of legume chloroplasts"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/8/228</p><p>BMC Genomics 2007;8():228-228.</p><p>Published online 10 Jul 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1940014.</p><p></p> The boxes above the line represent the gene complex sequences in clockwise direction and the boxes below the line represent those sequences in the opposite direction. The gene names at the bottom indicate the genes that are located at the boundaries of the gene complex of the plastome

Incidental hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation: Prevalence, histopathological features and prognostic impact

<div><p>Background</p><p>Incidental hepatocellular carcinoma (iHCC) is a histological finding after liver transplantation (LT) which relevance has been scarcely studied.</p><p>Aims</p><p>to describe the histopathological features of iHCC and to determine its prognostic impact in terms of tumor recurrence and overall survival.</p><p>Methods</p><p>Observational study including 451 consecutive adult LT patients (2000–2013). Patients aged<18, retransplanted or with early postoperative death were excluded. Median follow-up after LT was 58 months. Multiple Cox’s regression was used to assess the prognostic impact of iHCC on tumor recurrence and mortality while controlling for potential confounders.</p><p>Results</p><p>141 patients had known HCC before LT (31.3%). Among the remaining 310 patients, the prevalence of iHCC was 8.7% (n = 27). In the explanted liver, 36.2% of patients with known HCC and 25.9% of patients with iHCC trespassed Milan criteria (<i>p</i> = 0.30). Patients with known and iHCC had similar rates of multinodular disease (50.4% vs 55.6%; <i>p</i> = 0.62), macrovascular invasion (6.5% vs 3.7%; <i>p</i> = 0.58), microvascular invasion (12.9% vs 14.8%; <i>p</i> = 0.76) and moderate-poor tumor differentiation (53.9% vs 70.4%; <i>p</i> = 0.09). In the multivariate analysis, iHCC and known HCC had identical recurrence-free survival after controlling for histological features (RR = 1.06, 95%CI 0.36–3.14; <i>p</i> = 0.90). Cumulative 5-year overall survival rates were similar between patients with known and iHCC (65% vs 52.8% respectively; log rank <i>p</i> = 0.44), but significantly inferior as compared with patients without HCC (77.8%) (<i>p</i> = 0.002 and <i>p</i> = 0.007 respectively). Indeed, in the overall cohort, iHCC was an independent predictor of mortality (RR = 3.02; 95%CI 1.62–5.65; <i>p</i> = 0.001).</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>The risk of tumor recurrence after LT is similar in patients with iHCC and known HCC. A close imaging surveillance is strongly recommended for patients awaiting LT in order to detect HCC prior to LT, thus allowing for an adequate selection of candidates, prioritization and indication of bridging therapies.</p></div

Multivariate Cox’s regression showing independent predictors of recurrence-free survival after liver transplantation.

<p>Multivariate Cox’s regression showing independent predictors of recurrence-free survival after liver transplantation.</p

Survival curves showing overall survival of patients with incidental hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 27), as compared with patients with previously known hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 141), and patients without hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 283).

<p>Survival curves showing overall survival of patients with incidental hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 27), as compared with patients with previously known hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 141), and patients without hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 283).</p

Clinical characteristics of 451 consecutive patients who received a liver transplantation between January 2000 to April 2013.

<p>Patients were stratified into previously known hepatocellular carcinoma (kHCC, n = 141), incidental hepatocellular carcinoma (iHCC, n = 27), and patients without hepatocellular carcinoma (nHCC, n = 283). Continuous variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation (median and interquartile range for asymmetric distributions). Categorical variables are displayed as n (%). Statistically significant findings are highlighted in bold.</p

Histological features of hepatocellullar carcinoma in the explanted liver.

<p>Patients were stratified into previously known hepatocellular carcinoma (kHCC, n = 141) and incidental hepatocellular carcinoma (iHCC, n = 27). Descriptive values are displayed as median (interquartile range) or N (%). Statistically significant findings are highlighted in bold.</p

Multivariate Cox’s regression showing independent predictors of overall survival after liver transplantation.

<p>Multivariate Cox’s regression showing independent predictors of overall survival after liver transplantation.</p