6 research outputs found
Le polymorphisme de coloration abdominale de Drosophila erecta est-il gouverné par un gène sélectivement neutre?
International audienc
Thoracic trident pigmentation in Drosophila melanogaster: Differentiation of geographical populations
A phenotypic classification of trident pigmentation allowed the characterization ol any natural population by a pigmentation score, ranging from 0 to 3. After some training, independent observers could produce very similar score values. Growth temperature influences pigmentation intensity and the response curves exhibit a U-shape, with a minimum at about 25 "C. For the description of natural populations, 2 different growth temperatures, 17 °C and 25 °C were chosen. Crosses between a dark French strain and a light Afrotropical strain produced intermediate offspring, but a clear maternal effect differentiated the reciprocal Fl’s. Numerous populations from various part of the world were investigated and results arranged according to the latitude. For temperate populations collected between 34 and 48 ° of latitude a steep cline was observed (pigmentation being much more darker in high latitude) suggesting an adaptive pressure on this phenotype: environmental factors which may explain this cline being temperature, insolation and desiccation. In tropical populations on the other hand a large variability was observed but without any relation to latitude
Stratégies d’accès aux écoles secondaires par des parents dans le marché scolaire montréalais : entre reproduction et mobilité sociale
Cet article examine les stratĂ©gies mobilisĂ©es lors du choix de l’école secondaire par des parents dans le marchĂ© scolaire montrĂ©alais. Mobilisant une sociologie comprĂ©hensive et un cadre d’analyse articulant les facteurs microsociologiques et macrosociologiques, il se penche sur l’orchestration des stratĂ©gies d’accès, telle que rĂ©alisĂ©e par des parents, et Ă partir de quels ancrages celle-ci est Ă©laborĂ©e. S’appuyant sur cinquante-sept entretiens semi-dirigĂ©s, l’article illustre la mobilisation de diffĂ©rentes ressources et stratĂ©gies afin d’attĂ©nuer les limites et contraintes Ă©tablies par le marchĂ© scolaire montrĂ©alais. Les parents dotĂ©s de capitaux culturels, Ă©conomiques et sociaux ont une certaine aisance Ă mobiliser les structures Ă leur avantage, Ă dĂ©jouer les contraintes, Ă comprendre le marchĂ© scolaire montrĂ©alais et Ă se l’approprier, soulevant un enjeu relatif Ă l’équitĂ© devant les options. Quelques parents moins dotĂ©s en capitaux Ă©tablissent aussi des stratĂ©gies d’accès, indiquant de possibles phĂ©nomènes de mobilitĂ© sociale ascendante Ă travers le choix.This article examines strategies mobilized by parents when choosing a high school for their children in Montreal’s school market. This text is rooted in interpretative sociology and uses a theoretical framework that combines micro- and macro-sociological factors to analyze how parents orchestrate strategies to gain access to the desired schools. Based on fifty-seven semi-structured interviews conducted with parents living in Montreal, the analysis illustrates how parents mobilize resources and strategize to reduce limits and constraints set by the city’s school market. Parents with cultural, economic and social resources can more readily understand and navigate Montreal’s school market, mobilizing structures to their advantage while evading constraints. This dynamic raises an equity issue when it comes to school options. Parents with less cultural, economic and/or social resources also establish access strategies, pointing to the possibility of their choices leading to upward social mobility.El presente artĂculo examina las estrategias utilizadas por los padres para elegir una escuela secundaria en el mercado escolar de Montreal. Basándose en una sociologĂa abarcadora y un marco analĂtico que articula factores micro y macrosociolĂłgicos, el artĂculo inspecciona cĂłmo los progenitores coordinan las estrategias de acceso y cuáles son los anclajes a partir de los cuales elaboran dichas estrategias. Apoyándose en cincuenta y siete entrevistas semidirigidas, el artĂculo ilustra la movilizaciĂłn de diferentes recursos y estrategias para mitigar los lĂmites y restricciones establecidos por el mercado escolar de Montreal. Los progenitores con capital cultural, econĂłmico y social tienen cierta facilidad para movilizar las estructuras a su favor, superar los lĂmites impuestos, comprender el mercado escolar de Montreal y apropiárselo, lo que plantea el desafĂo de la equidad en cuanto a opciones. Algunos progenitores con menos capital tambiĂ©n establecen estrategias de acceso, lo que indica un posible fenĂłmeno de movilidad social ascendente a travĂ©s de la elecciĂłn