Cotton Plant Diseases Detection Using Various Classification and Segmentation Techniques – A Survey

Cotton is a prominentcash crop that is cultivated throughout the world majorly for its fibrous fruit known as the boll. Botanically named as  Gossypium Hirsutum, cotton is a shrub that belongs to the family Malvaceae. It plays a phenomenal role in the textile industry over and above many other markets too. Like other plants, cotton plants are vulnerable to a variety of pathogenic attacks. This paper describes about the list of  diseases that affects the cotton plant and the various segmentation and classification techniques that are employed to detect those diseases along with the pros and cons, accuracy of each technique

Effectiveness of nursing care on children with urinary tract infection

Effectiveness of nursing care on children with urinary tract infection. OBJECTIVES:- 1) to assess the health status of the children with urinary tract infection 2) to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing care on children with urinary tract infection 3) to find out the association between selected demographic variables with the effectiveness of nursing care on children with urinary tract infection. OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS:- EFFECTIVENESS:- It refers to outcome in nursing care and promotes the health status of children with urinary tract infection which are assessed and evaluated by standardized tool. 10 NURSING CARE:- Nursing which includes vital parameters and providing care such as tepid sponging for fever, improving fluid intake, dietary management, personal hygiene, perineal care ,teaching toilet training, voiding habits, health teaching on urinary tract infection provided by investigator to the children with urinary tract infection from admission to till the time of discharge. CHILDREN:- The children refer to those who are diagnosed as urinary tract infection. URINARY TRACT INFECTION:- Urinary tract infection is defined as infection and inflammation of urinary tract due to micro organisms. It involves the urethra, bladder, ureters, renal pelvis and renal parenchyma. ASSUMPTIONS:- 1) Daily assessment of the children ensure to gain thorough knowledge about progress in children’s health condition and provide guideline for the nurse to implement a need based care, and reduces the severity of urinary tract infection. 2) Individualized nursing care will reduce the signs and symptoms of urinary tract infection. LIMITATIONS:- 1) The study period is limited to six weeks 2) The samples were limited to thirty. 3) Children who have diagnosed as urinary tract infection were selected

In vitro propagation of an epiphytic and rare orchid Eria bambusifolia Lindl.

Orchids seeds are minute, unique lacking storage tissues and they are marveled for their mystic shapes and colour for centuries. Asymbiotic seed germination opened up new avenues in rescuing of orchids from their wild population. In the present study, an epiphytic and rare orchid Eria bambusifolia seeds were germinated in two different Knudson (KC) and Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium. Higher germination percentage was noted in MS medium so it was selected for further studies. The MS medium was nourished with different phytohormones and NAA at 2 mg/l was found to enhance shoot and root length. The rooted seedlings were acclimatized successfully

Lightweight Self-Compacting Concrete Incorporating Industrial Rejects and Mineral Admixtures: Strength and Durability Assessment

By the recent global research developments, a lot of natural and artificial materials that are normally discarded and landfilled, are continually investigated for potential construction applications. In this study, the mechanical and durability properties of lightweight self-compacting concrete produced using pumice, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), rice husk ash (RHA) and precipitated silica, was investigated. A detailed experimental design was performed, which entailed reducing the water powder ratio, and use of viscosity modifying admixture, for enhancing the fresh SCC quality. The experimental process involved assessment of mechanical and durability properties of concrete mixtures. The results have shown that compressive and flexural strength of SCC made with lightweight aggregate are improved using mineral blended cement. Also, same mix, but with pumice as coarse aggregate gave higher split-tensile strength than other mixtures. This study deduced that pozzolanic reactivity and filler action of supplementary cementitious materials used, enhanced the resistance of the mixtures to deterioration when exposed to aggressive environment

Residual Neural Network for the Accurate Recognition of Human Action and Compared with Bayesian Regression

Aim: In this research article, the aim is to analyze and compare the performance of Residual Neural Network and Bayesian Regression for accurate recognition of human actions. Materials and Methods: The proposed machine learning classifier model uses 80% of the UCF101 dataset for training and the remaining 20% for testing. For the SPSS analysis, the results of two classifiers are grouped with 20 samples in each group. The sample size is determined using a pretest with G-power, with a sample size of 80%, a confidence interval of 95%, and a significance level of 0.014 (p<0.05). Result: The findings suggest that the novel residual neural network classifier and Bayesian regression classifier achieved accuracy rates of 95.63% and 93.97%, respectively, in identifying human activities accurately.The statistical significance value between residual neural networks and Bayesian regression has been calculated to be p=0.014 (independent sample t-test p<0.05), indicating a statistically significant difference between the two classifiers

Detecting Phishing Websites using recent Techniques: A Systematic Literature Review

The goal of this study Phishing attacks are constantly evolving, and to avoid being detected by conventional means, attackers use cutting-edge approaches. Novelty detection aims to identify previously unseen phishing attacks, including zero-day threats and sophisticated evasion tactics. Phishing attacks continue to pose significant threats to cybersecurity, exploiting human vulnerabilities and developing quickly to avoid being detected by conventional methods. In response to these challenges, this literature survey presents a comprehensive review of phishing website detection techniques, focusing on novel approaches and the latest advancements in the field. It explores dynamic analysis, real-time monitoring, and anomaly detection techniques to keep pace with the ever-changing phishing landscape. The survey addresses the persistent issue of imbalanced datasets by presenting effective strategies for handling data from significantly more legitimate websites than phishing sites. It advocates for data augmentation, cost-sensitive learning, and domain adaptation to improve the accuracy and generalization of detection models. By highlighting the latest advancements and addressing key challenges, the review contributes to building robust and resilient phishing detection frameworks that safeguard users and organizations in the constantly evolving cyber threat landscape

High frequency in vitro plantlet regeneration and antioxidant activity of Enicostema axillare(Lam.) Raynal ssp. littoralis (Blume) Raynal: An important medicinal plant

Objective: To develop a method for high frequency plantlets regeneration protocol for Enicostema axillare (Lam.) Raynal ssp. littoralis (Blume) Raynal (E. axillare) without intermediate callus phase and to determine the content and correlation of phenolic compounds and their antioxidant activity of both the plants derived from nature and nodal culture by DPPH assay. Methods: The nodal explants were cultured on MS basal medium fortified with different concentration of various growth regulators such as BAP, KIN, TDZ and 2iP (0.5–2 mg/L) individually and in combinations with or without GA3 for shoot bud induction and multiplication. Total phenol and flavonoid content was determined in both plants from nature and nodal culture and antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH assay. Results: The highest number of multiple shoot (108.00±3.55 shoots/explants) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with BAP (2 mg/L) in combination with KIN (0.5 mg/L) and GA3 (2 mg/L). Rooting was optimized on half-strength MS medium supplemented with IAA (0.5 mg/L). The rooted plantlets were transferred to paper cups containing vermiculite and hardening was successfully attained with 75% survival. Among the four extract of methanol and water extract from both the plantlet from nature and nodal culture, the concentration of flavonoid was found to be higher in methanol extract of the plants from nature (146.57±1.68 mg rutin/g extract) and phenol content was higher in the water extract of plant from nature (52.53±1.67 mg GAE/g extract). The radical scavenging activity of four extracts. Methanol extract of plant grown in nature showed the highest radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 87.10 μg/mL) was investigated by DPPH test. Conclusion: The present study not only enables reinforcement of wild plant populations using ex situ growth of individuals, but it also helps for high scale production of plantlets. A high correlation between antioxidant capacities and their total phenolic contents indicated that flavonoid compounds were a major contributor of antioxidant activity of both plants grown from nature and nodal culture