Analysis of the Dominant Factor of Hypercholesterolemia at 45-59 Years Old Elderly in Working Area of Puskesmas Rangkapanjaya Kota Depok 2016

Background: Hypercholesterolemia is a condition characterized by very high levels of cholesterol in the body (>200 mg/dl). Hypercholesterolemia becomes the main priority health concern in the developed and developing countries. In the late 20 years, atherosclerosis as the cause of coronary heart shows a very significant epidemic, in Indonesia itself, this desease ranked in 7th (5.5%). This study is aimed at analyzing the dominant factor of hypercholesterolemia at 45-59 years old pre elderly in the working area of Puskesmas Rangkapanjaya Kota Depok. Method: This study also using cross sectional design. The sample in this study is taken from 160 elderlies aged 45-49 years old in Rangkapanjaya. The data collection uses Accutrend GC, BoneScan QUS, questionnaire, food recall, and FFQ. The data collecting techniques used in this study are chi-square and logistic regression. Result: The result of this research shows 66,25% of hypercholesterolemia proportion. The factor influencing hypercholesterolemia are vegetable intake frequency (P-value = 0,014), body mass index (P-value = 0,02), physical activity (P- value = 0,012) and bone mass density (P-value = 0,018). It shows that the dominant factor toward hypercholesterlemia is bone mass density with OR 3,033 means man and woman with low total bone mass density has 3,033 times risk of getting hypercholesterolemia.Conclusion: Women and men with low bone density are at greater risk of developing hypercholesterolemia

Status Gizi Balita Berdasarkan Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure

Upaya menurunkan prevalensi kurang gizi pemerintah membuat program Keluarga Sadar Gizi (Kadarzi). Cakupan Kadarzi Kota Depok tahun 2011 rendah (12,7%) dan prevalensi gizi kurang, pendek, kurus berturut-turut 7,89%, 7%, 4,75%. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui faktor dominan terhadap status gizi Balita 6 - 59 bulan berdasarkan Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF). Penelitian menggunakan data sekunder hasil survei Kadarzi 2011. Survei dilakukan di sebelas kecamatan Kota Depok menggunakan desain cross sectional. Sampel sebanyak 1.176 keluarga yang memiliki Balita termuda umur 6 _ 59 bulan. Variabel yang diteliti adalah status gizi Balita, perilaku Kadarzi, status Kadarzi, karakteristik Balita, dan karakteristik keluarga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi Balita gagal tumbuh 31%. Terdapat dua variabel yang memberikan pengaruh status gizi Balita secara bersama-sama yaitu penimbangan Balita (nilai p = 0,003) dan pendidikan ibu (nilai p = 0,034). Uji regresi logistik ganda menunjukkan penimbangan Balita sebagai faktor dominan terhadap status gizi Balita. Balita yang ditimbang tidak teratur berisiko 1,5 kali mengalami gagal tumbuh dibandingkan yang ditimbang teratur. Indeks CIAF berguna untuk mengetahui prevalensi gizi kurang secara keseluruhan dan penanggulangannya. Diperlukan penyuluhan dan promosi yang lebih aktif kepada masyarakat mengenai pentingnya pemantauan pertumbuhan Balita melalui posyandu dan melakukan pembinaan kader posyandu dalam pemantauan status pertumbuhan anak sebagai deteksi dini adanya gangguan pertumbuhan.Effort to reduce malnutrition governments make Keluarga Sadar Gizi (Kadarzi). Kadarzi in Depok 2011 still low (12,7%) and the prevalence of underweight, stunting, wasting are respectively 7,89%, 7%, 4,75%. This study aimed to determine the dominant factor for nutritional status of children based on Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF). Research using secondary data survey Kadarzi 2011. The survey was conducted using a cross sectional study in 11 districts. Samples of 1,176 families who have children youngest aged 6 - 59 months. The variables studied were the nutritional status, Kadarzi behaviors, Kadarzi status, children characteristics, and family characteristics. Results showed prevalence of growth faltering (31%). There are two variables that influence nutritional status, child\u27s weighing (p value = 0,003) and mother\u27s education (p value = 0,034). Multiple logistic regression analysis show child\u27s weighing as a dominant factor to the nutritional status of children. Children who are weighed not regularly are more risky 1,5 to get growth faltering then children who are weighed regularly. CIAF is useful to determine prevalence of undernutrition clearly and its solution. Counseling and promotion about child\u27s growth monitoring are required as early detection of growth faltering

Potensi Asam Amino pada Tempe untuk Memperbaiki Profil Lipid dan Diabetes Mellitus

Degenerative diseases prevalence had been arining over years. One of the causes is the life style changes including eating pattern. Tempeh, an Indonesian soybean traditionally fermented food, was known and consumed by almost all Indonesian people. However, only a few know the health benefit of tempeh. Tempeh was also welknown and cheap protein source food affordable for the poor. Hence, there is a need to explore the nutritious content of tempeh and health benefit of it deeper such as in preventing degenerative diseases. Fermentation process of soybean to becometempeh had improved nutrient and non-nutrient contents that make tempeh better than soybean. Tempeh protein is more digestible than soybean and the arginine content increases twice, that could improve lipid profile and diabetes mellitus. Tempeh could be considered as functional food having health benefit

Pengaruh Pengolahan Kedelai Menjadi Tempe Dan Pemasakan Tempe Terhadap Kadar Isoflavon (Effects of Soybean Processing Becoming Tempeh and the Cooking of Tempeh on Isoflavones Level)

Background: Research over the past two decades has provided significant clinical trial and epidemiological evidence for health benefits of the consumption of soybean-based foods. A health claim indicating that high soybean consumption is associated with a lower risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Compositions of nutrient and non-nutrient in soybean have been examination and give the contribution on lower risk of CHD especially on improve of lipid profile. Isoflavones is a non-nutrient that abundant in soybean. Tempeh is fermented soybean that popular as Indonesian traditional food and content of isoflavones is greater than soybean. Objective: to study effect of soybean processing becoming tempeh and the cooking of tempeh on isoflavones level. Methods: The samples of this study is raw tempeh and steamed tempeh. The analysis of isoflavones has used high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: During soybean processing becoming tempeh, twice boiling of soybean produce result isoflavones 47.4 percent greater than once boiling. Steaming tempeh result minimized isoflavones reduction (13.3%). Although there is no dietary recommendation for individual isoflavones, may be great benefit in increased consumption of tempeh. [Penel Gizi Makan 2010, 33(2): 148-153

Inadequate Intake of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids during Pregnancy and Lactation, and Its Association with Infant Cognitive Development

Background: Cognitive development in early childhood is an important predictor of intelectual capacity in later life. Individuals who are markedly late in achieving developmental milestones are at high risk for a subsequent diagnosis of learning disability/mental retardation. There is considerable interest in the role of certain long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), in visual and cognitive development throughout childhood. Omega-3 long chain poly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA) are important constituents of the maturing brain and therefore considered crucial for brain development in utero and in early infancy. The n-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and the n-6 fatty acid arachidonic acid (AA) are the major LCPUFA in the brain. This study aimed to examine the inadequate intake of PUFA during pregnancy and lactation, and its association with infant cognitive development. Subjects and Method: This was a cohort study conducted in Pandeglang, Banten. A total of 102 third trimester pregnant mothers were selected for this study and followed until 4 months after child birth. The dependent variable was infant cognitive development. The independent variables were emotional and verbal environmental stimuli, maternal nutrition omega 3 intake. Data on maternal nutrition intake during pregnancy were measured by 24 hour recall and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The other data were collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by a multiple logistic regression. Results:Good infant cognitive development increased with adequate emotional and verbal environmental stimuli (OR= 7.52; 95% CI= 1.80 to 31.35; p=0.006) and adequate maternal nutrition omega 3 intake (OR= 5.65; 95% CI= 1.45 to 21.99; p=0.013). Conclusion:Good infant cognitive development is determined by not only adequate maternal nutrition omega 3 intake, but also good emotional and verbal environmental stimuli. Keywords: cognitive development, maternal nutrition intake, polyunsaturated fatty acids, omega 3, infant

Perbedaan Rata-rata Lingkar Perut, Konsumsi Karbohidrat, dan Natrium Lansia Hipertensi Primer Stage 1 dengan Stage 2 Puskesmas Arjuno Kota Malang

The risk factors for hypertension are abdominal obesity, carbohydrate and sodium intake. The purpose of this study to determine the average difference in abdominal circumference, carbohydrate, and sodium consumption in elderly patients with stage 1 primary hypertension and stage 2 in the Arjuno Public Health, Malang City. The research method used a cross sectional design, during November 2016. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, the inclusion criteria were aged >55 years and suffering from primary hypertension. Abdominal circumference was measured using metlin, carbohydrate and sodium consumption obtained from a 1x24 hour recall interview. Data analysis used independent t test and Mann Whitney. The results showed that there was a difference in the average sodium consumption of the elderly with stage 1 primary hypertension and stage 2 from a significant p-value (p=0,032).  Meanwhile, abdominal circumference and carbohydrate intake did not show an average difference between the elderly with primary hypertension stage 1 and stage 2 (p=0,580; p=0,332).The results showed that there was no difference in the average abdominal circumference and carbohydrate consumption with the hypertension stage, but there was an average difference between sodium consumption in the elderly with primary hypertension stage 1 and stage 2. It is recommended to provide education to the elderly in the work area of ​​the Arjuno Health Center Malang City about a balanced nutritional diet, low in carbohydrates, and low in sodium to keep his blood pressure more stable. Further research to widen the age range towards a younger and increase the number of samples

Analysis of Status KEK Pregnant Mother Towards Weight Low Body Event (LBW) in Manggari Puskesmas Kuningan District, 2019

Babies born at LBW (Low Body Event) are at risk of disrupting the growth and development of the baby, as well as the occurrence of hypertension, heart disease and diabetes in old age. One of the factors causing LBW is the condition of CED (Chronic Energy Deficiency) experienced by mothers during pregnancy. The highest prevalence of LBW in Kuningan Regency in 2018 is in the working area of the Manggari Community Health Center, which is 11.8% with the prevalence of pregnant women CED 10.1%. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of maternal CED status during pregnancy with LBW events. The study design uses case control from cohort registers of pregnant women. The total sample of the study were 114 infants, consisting of 38 cases and 76 controls who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of the statistical analysis of the Chi-Square test, obtained p value = 0.002 and OR = 4.317 (95% CI: 1.776-10.495) which means that there is a significant relationship between the status of CED during pregnancy with LBW events, where pregnant women CED risk 4.317 times higher for LBW delivery compared to pregnant women who are not CED. The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between the status of CED of mothers during pregnancy with the incidence of LBW

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hypertension among Adolescents Aged 18 to 21 Years in Indonesia

Background: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and other complications. There are several factors predisposing to hypertension. These fac­tors vary from country to country and there is difference between urban and rural re­gion. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among adolescents aged 18 to 21 years in Indonesia. Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study using IFLS 5 data year 2014. A total of 2,531 adolescents aged 18 to 21 years were selected for this study. The depen­dent variable was hypertension. The independent variables were age, sex, body mass in­dex (BMI), psychological condition, healthy food, physical activity, smoking habit, and residential area. The data were obtained from Indonesian Family Life Survey 5 (IFLS 5) year 2014. The data were analyzed by a multiple logistic regression. Results: As many as 39.8% adolescents aged 18 to 21 years had pre-hypertension and 6.2 % had hypertension. The risk of hypertension increased with male (aOR= 2.40; 95% CI = 1.98 to 2.96; p=0.001), high BMI ≥25 kgBW/m2BH (aOR= 3.85; 95% CI= 1.82 to 8.12; p=0.001), poor psychological condition (aOR= 1.47; 95% CI =1.47 t­o ­2.11; p=0.030), and unhealthy food (aOR=1.34; 95% CI= 1.18 to 2.33; p=­0.0­04­­). Conclusion: The risk of hypertension increases with male, BMI ≥ 25 kgBW/m2BH, po­or psychological condition, and unhealthy food. Keywords: hypertension, BMI, psychological condition, healthy food, adolescents