The Effect of Melatonin on Nasal Septal Wound Healing in an Experimental Animal Model

The purpose of our study was to examine the effect of melatonin (MLT) on wound healing in the nasal septum. Twenty-two Sprague-Dawley rats of the male sex were included in this experimental study. Nasal septal perforation (NSP), about 2mm in diameter, was formed in each rat. MLT was applied topically to the subjects in the study group and saline was applied topically to the subjects in the control group once a day for 14 days. On day 14, the rats were sacrificed and the nasal septums of the subjects were resected for pathological evaluation. In the NSP area, degeneration and regeneration of nasal septal epithelium; degeneration and regeneration of the septal cartilage; number of cells involved in wound healing such as acute inflammatory cells (leukocytes), fibroblast, eosinophil, and giant cell; capillary vessel intensity; granulation tissue formation; and collagen intensity parameters were evaluated histopathologically. The macroscopic size and histopathologic examination results of NSPs were statistically analyzed. In the MLT group, the epithelium regeneration, cartilage regeneration, fibroblast number, collagen density, vascularity, and granulation formation were significantly higher, and the epithelial degeneration and acute inflammatory cells density were significantly lower, in the NSP area ( p <0.05). In addition, macroscopic healing was significantly higher in the MLT group ( p =0.044 and <0.05). Local application of MLT accelerates nasal septal wound healing. With this feature, the usage of MLT can be promising to prevent the formation of NSP

The Relationship Between Balance Disorders and Lung Involvement in COVID-19 Patients

Introduction: To better understand COVID-19 and prevent the spread of the disease, symptoms associated with COVID-19 should be known. The list of symptoms of COVID-19 is expanding. This study aimed to examine the relation between balance disorders and radiologically detected lung involvement seen in COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Cerrahpasa School of Medicine Hospital and Cerrahpasa Medicine Faculty between July 2021 to June 2022. The study included 174 COVID-19 patients with pulmonary involvement (Group 1) and 174 COVID-19 patients without pulmonary involvement (Group 2). Balance disorders of the patients within one month after the diagnosis of COVID-19 were questioned with a self-reported questionnaire made over the phone. The incidence of balance disorders, type of balance disorder, onset time, duration, and severity were questioned. Results: Balance disorders were detected in 67 (19.3%) of the patients. Dizziness was detected in 60 (89.55%) of these patients, and vertigo was detected in seven (10.45%) of them. The number of patients with balance disorders was 49 (28.2%) in Group 1 and 18 (10.3%) in Group 2. The frequency of balance disorders was significantly higher in Group 1 (p= 0.001). Vertigo was detected in in (3.4%) and dizziness in 43 patients (24.7%) in Group 1, and vertigo was detected in one patient (0.6%) and dizziness in 17 patients (9.8%) in Group 2. The frequency of dizziness was significantly higher in Group 1 (p= 0.001). Balance disorders were significantly longer and more severe in Group 1 (p= 0.048, p= 0.029, respectively). Conclusion: Balance disorders can be a symptom of COVID-19, and they may be more frequent, more serious, and longer lasting in patients with pulmonary involvement

The effect of locally administered phenytoin on wound healing in an experimental nasal septal perforation animal model

Purpose In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of phenytoin (PHT) on wound healing in an experimental nasal septal perforation (NSP) model created in rats. Methods Twenty-two Sprague Dawley male rats were randomized into two groups. NSP, approximately 2 mm in diameter, was created in each subject. The 1% PHT cream (Study group) and saline (Control group) were applied topically once a day for 14 days. The subjects were sacrificed at the end of 14th day and the nasal septum of each animal was excised for histopathological examination. The epithelial regeneration and degeneration of the nasal mucosa, acute inflammatory cells number, fibroblast number, collagen density, vascularization, eosinophil number, granulation tissue formation, giant cell number, degeneration and regeneration of the nasal cartilage were examined. The macroscopic closure rate of NPSs and histopathological parameters were analyzed statistically. Results In this study, the epithelial regeneration, the fibroblast count, the collagen density, the vascularization and the amount of granulation tissue and the macroscopic clouse rate of NSPs were significantly higher in the PHT group than in the saline group (p .05). Conclusion The locally administered phenytoin may accelerate wound healing of nasal septum in an experimental NSP model. Consequently, phenytoin might be used as an effective substance to prevent the formation of NSP

Comparison of Treatment Modalities in Adult Idiopathic Sudden Hearing Loss: A 5-year Outcome from a Tertiary Referral Center

Aim: Although there are many treatment options for the treatment sudden idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL), the most effective treatment method is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal treatment option for SSHL by examining the 5-years patient data of our clinic

The effect of Ramadan fasting on nasal mucociliary activity and peak nasal inspiratory flow

Purpose In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of Ramadan fasting (RF) on nasal mucociliary clearance (MCC) and peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF). Methods Sixty-two (41 male and 21 female) healthy subjects who stated that they would fast continuously during the month of Ramadan were included in this prospective study. Day 0 (baseline), 1st day (after one day of RF), and 29th (after 29 days of RF) nasal mucociliary clearance time (MCT) with saccharine test and PNIF values were determined. Subject weights (SW) were measured on Day 0 and Day 29. The obtained data were analyzed statistically. Results The mean of SW on day 0 was 78.53 +/- 10.95 kg, and the mean of SW on Day 29 was 78.69 +/- 10.87 kg. There was no significant difference in terms of SW (p = 0.251, p > 0.05). A significant difference was found between the MCT and PNIF values measured on different study days (p 0.05). The PNIF values for Day 29 were significantly higher than the values for other days (p < 0.05). The PNIF values on the first day were significantly higher than the baseline (p = 0.008, p < 0.05). Conclusion The present study showed that RF leads to MCT prolongation and PNIF increase. Ramadan fasting causes deterioration in nasal airway defense and improvement in nasal respiration

Multisystemic Long-Term Sequelae of Covid-19: A Review Based on the Current Literature Over a Year of Pandemic Experience

On January 7, 2020, it was announced that the Chinese Government isolated a new variant of Coronavirus (SARS CoV-2). Officials reported that populations were not equally affected in terms of the number of cases, severe illness, and death. As of 28 December 2020, 81,000,000 cases have been confirmed globally, and approximately 1,770,000 total deaths have been reported for COVID-19. Besides difficulties of COVID-19 management in the acute stage, long-term consequences of the infection could cause widespread public health problems across the World. This review article aims to examine current literature regarding COVID-19, identify post-illness sequelae, detect patients at risk for sequelae, and provide guidance to management strategies. In the report, long-term pulmonary sequels and systemic problems including cardiovascular, neurological, psychiatric, endocrinologic, nephrological, hematologic, gastrointestinal, dermatologic, etc. of COVID-19 are discussed in accordance with recent scientific publications