Spintronic devices based on graphene nanoribbons with transition metal impurities. Towards space applications

Very recent publications draw the attention to a possible revolution that nanotechnology can cause in aviation. The effervescence in the peak field of nanomaterials is remarkable, as evidenced by the number of Nobel prizes recently awarded. A class of nanomaterials, the nanosensors, whose object of study is the present work, represents a special interest in space applications. More specifically, this article proposes the synthesis of a nanosensor based on active control and manipulation of spin degrees of freedom in the graphene nanoribbons (GNR), the strongest known substance. Thus, the physical model, a GNR, is electrically connected to two electrodes. Different variations of Mn (Manganese) impurities in graphene, with the spins having preset configurations, are considered. When a magnetic field is detected, their spin change causing changes in the total energy and hence the variation of transmission function. Therefore, the concept of active control, which originated in the flight control and structural vibration problems, is naturally extended herein to the nanosensors synthesis. The used physico-mathematical model to determine the spin transport and the transmission function is based on density functional theory, Kohn-Sham equations and the SIESTA package. The differences between distinct GNR excited states were determined and it was established that the energy range overlaps the mid-infrared wavelengths. Therefore, structures of this kind may serve in spatial applications which exploit the infrared atmospheric window

Predictive biomarkers of colorectal cancer

Introduction. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the type of cancer with the highest incidence rate at present. Despite the fact that CRC is histologically homogeneous, each tumor has a unique molecular profile, which is characterized by different genetic and epigenetic changes. Aim of study. Assessing the significance and informativeness of biomarkers in early detection of CRC in the current literature. Methods and materials. PubMed, PubMed Central, Medline, Google Scholar databases for assessing the role of predictive biomarkers of CRC, keywords used „biomarkers”, „colorectal cancer”, „screening”. Results. The analysis of the databases selected 82 articles: 25 – dedicated to chromosomal instability and its involvement in colorectal carcinogenesis, 17 – on microsatellite instability and frequency of genomic mutations, 13 – on molecular repair systems, 27 – on polymerase gene mutations. Thus, several molecular genomic biomarkers have been identified, which are currently used for the diagnosis, prognosis and establishment of CRC treatment. The informativeness of many genes that are characterized by high frequency of mutations has been demonstrated (KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, APC, TP53, SMAD2, SOX9), changes in DNA methylation (MLH1), affected expression at the level of mRNA or proteins and translocations (NAV2/TCF7L1), which contributes to the early confirmation of CRC and the early initiation of treatment for these neoplasms. Conclusion. This review highlights the effectiveness of biomarkers and the importance of individual approaches in the curative management of patients with this type of neoplasia, with a direct impact on morbidity and mortality

The future of EU Foreign, Security and Defence Policy:Assessing legal options for improvement

The EU's Common Foreign, Security and Defence Policy found its way into the Treaty 30 years ago, but it is still confronted with ‘specific rules and procedures’ that seem to stand in the way of its effectiveness. Against the background of the Conference on the Future of Europe, this contribution aims to identify ways to improve the CFSP's functionality, on the basis of both existing scholarly work and an empirical assessment of the last 10 years of the Union's foreign policy. By focusing on legal rather than political solutions, it aims to contribute to ongoing debates on the effectiveness of CFSP. Making use of the gradually accepted “normalisation” of CFSP, we have identified a number of legal tools that could be used to improve CFSP and to allow it to meet its Treaty brief to ‘cover all areas of foreign policy and all questions relating to the Union's security’

DEVELOPING VALUES FOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS THROUGH THE STUDY OF ART OBJECTS

The paper begins with some issues related to aesthetics, aesthetic education, art and axiological education. The empirical research has the general assumption that secondary school students and youth have difficulties in selecting values. The objective of the research was three fold: to design, to organize and to carry learning activities from which students shall acquire educational values through the study of art objects. The exploratory research was conducted on a sample of 50 students (25 in experimental group and 25 in control group). The content sample included fairy-tales and short stories (Beauty and the Beast; The money earned by Alexandru Mitru) and artistic topics on several well-known art objects (The Endless Column, Table of Silence, The Gate of Kiss, Peleş castle, Voroneţ monastery, and St. Michael’s Cathedral from Cluj-Napoca). The tested hypothesis stated that if secondary school students are involved in learning contexts where they perceive, analyze and explain artistic objects then they develop aesthetic and ethic values. The learning context students were exposed to represents the independent variable and the outputs – the educational values themselves – represent the dependent variable. In order to test for the hypothesis we planned a formative didactic experiment. In order to test the hypothesis the pre-test/post-test design was used

Tumoral mycosis fungoides Vidal-Brocq – a case report

Generalităţi. Micozisul fungoid este cel mai important limfom cutanat, care se întâlneşte mai frecvent la bărbaţi, în proporţie 2:1 vs femeile. Raportul T-limfoame, B-limfoame este de 65% la 20% din totalul limfoamelor maligne. Conform particularităţilor morfopatologice, 15% rămase nu pot fi clasifi cate nici la T, nici la B limfoame. O formă clinică mai rar întâlnită, cu apariţia unor formaţiuni tumorale pe pielea intactă, aparent sănătoasă, este micozisul fungoid tumoral (MFT). Uneori, după instalarea tumorilor, apar manifestări clinice clasice de micozis fungoides (micozis inversat). Prezentare de caz. Pacientul se prezintă la consultaţie în Spitalul Dermatologie şi Maladii Comunicabile cu leziuni multiple, localizate predominant pe abdomen şi partea laterală stângă a trunchiului, reprezentate de tumori solitare cu diametrul cuprins între 0,5 şi 2,0-3,0 cm, bine delimitate, cu bază largă de implantare, cu suprafaţă netedă, neregulată, roşie-violacee, dure la palpare şi, apărute mai recent, placarde eritematoase. Leziunile au debutat în urmă cu 15 ani, prin 2 tumori solitare în regiunea toracică, a căror excizie, a dus la diseminarea erupţiilor cutanate, din afi rmaţiile pacientului. Diagnosticul a fost stabilit în baza rezultatului histopatologic, după excizia tumorii din regiunea abdomenului. Tratament: excizie chirurgicală, dermacorticoizi topici și sistemici, chimioterapie cu citostatice (metotrexat, vincristină), PUVA terapie, tratament simptomatic (antihistaminic). Concluzie. Micozisul fungoid tumoral este o variantă clinică rară de limfom T cutanat, cu o posibilă diseminare cutanată după excizie sau radioterapie.Background. Mycosis fungoides, the most common cutaneous lymphoma, is more common in men in a ratio of approximately 2:1. From all the malignant lymphomas, T-lymphoma represents 65% and B-lymphoma 20%, while the remaining 15% can not be morphologically clasifi ed. Tumoral mycosis fungoides (TMF) is a rare clinical form which presents with tumoral lesions on normal skin. Sometimes, the clasical clinical manifestation with patches and plaques appears aft er the tumors (inversed mycosis). Case presentation. We present the case of a patient examined in the Republican Dermato-Venerologic Dispensary, Chișinău, for multiple lesions, localized mainly on the abdomen and lateral side of the trunk. Th ere were multiple isolated tumors, 0.5-2 cm or 3 cm in diameter, well delimited, with wide implantation base, red-violaceus, smooth and irregular surface, hard at palpation and more recent, erythematous plaques. Th e lesions started 15 years ago at the thorax with 2 solitary tumors. Surgical excision of these tumors was followed by the dissemination of the lesions, as the patient mentioned. Th e diagnosis was established aft er pathological examination of the excised abdominal tumor. Treatment: surgical excision, topical and systemic corticoids, chemotherapy (methotrexate, vincristin), PUVA therapy, symptomatic treatment (antihistamins etc). Conclusion. Tumoral mycosis fungoides is a rare presentation variant of T cell lymphoma, with possible hematogenic or lymphatic metastasis aft er excision or inadequate radiotherapy

Current status of the Mechanical Ventilation in ICU

Catedra Anesteziologie si Reanimatologie №1 USMF “Nicalae Testemiţanu”Actualy, as a result of development of technology and medicine, mechanical ventilation of the lungs (MV), even if it is prolonged, it is an everyday occurrence in ICU (Intensive Care Unit). Nevertheless, the MV is one of the most important and unsolved problems in critical care medicine [1]. In our article we have studied variety aspects of its use in intensive care practice: indications, protective lung ventilation strategy, patient-ventilator synchronization, application of tracheostomy, and description of our experience. La momentul actual datorită progresului tehnic şi medical, atât ventilaţia artificială pulmonară (VAP) cât şi VAP prelungit este un lucru obişnuit în secţia de terapie intensivă (TI). Totuşi VAP rămâne una din cele mai importante teme de dezbateri în TI [1]. În articolul nostru am studiat o multitudine de aspecte legate de VAP: indicaţii, strategia de ventilaţia mecanica protectiva, sincronizarea pacient-ventilator, traheostomia

Applicability of bone landmarks in marking submandibular and subangulomandibular incision lines toward conservation of the mandibular marginal nerve

Rezumat. Datorită localizării sale, nervul marginal mandibular poate fi traumat în timpul diferitor intervenţii chirurgicale din sfera OMF. Rata de afectare a acestuia variază de la 1.7% la 50%, în dependenţă de mai mulţi factori. Au fost studiaţi 25 de pacienţi cu plăgi submandibulare și subangulomandibulare aflaţi la tratament staţionar în secţia Chirurgie oromaxilo-facială, Institutul de Medicină Urgentă. S-a examinat lungimea inciziei și poziţionarea acesteia în relaţie cu reperele anatomice osoase ca unghiul mandibulei și marginea inferioară a mandibulei. Integritatea nervului marginal mandibular a fost apreciată prin verificarea funcţiilor mușchilor buzei inferioare. Din 25 de pacienţi analizaţi în studiu, la 13 dintre ei a fost înregistrată afectarea nervului marginal mandibular. Rata de eșec obţinută la demarcarea liniei de incizie cu 2 cm inferior de marginea inferioară a mandibulei este de 72% la unghiul mandibular și 44% la marginea anterioară a mușchiului maseter. În concluzie, marcarea liniei de incizie submandibulară sau subangulomandibulară nu poate fi efectuată predictibil utilizând reperele anatomice osoase.Summary. Due to its location, the mandibular marginal nerve can be traumatized during various surgeries in the OMF sphere. Its damage rate varies from 1.7% to 50%, depending on several factors. We studied 25 patients with submandibular and subangulomandibular wounds undergoing inpatient treatment in the department of Oro–maxillo–facial Surgery, Institute of Emergency Medicine. The length of the incision and its positioning in relation to the anatomical bone landmarks such as the angle of the mandible and the lower margin of the mandible were examined. The integrity of the mandibular marginal nerve was assessed by checking the functions of the lower lip muscles. Of the 25 patients analyzed in the study, 13 were diagnosed with mandibular marginal nerve damage. The failure rate obtained when demarcating the incision line 2 cm inferior to the lower margin of the mandible is 72% at the mandibular angle and 44% at the anterior margin of the masseter muscle. In conclusion, marking of the submandibular or subangulomandibular incision line cannot be performed predictably using bone anatomical landmarks

Unele particularităţi economice de activitate a agenţiei teritoriale de asigurări medicale Soroca

În această lucrare se descrie particularităţile economice din activitatea agenţiei teritoriale de asigurări medicale Soroca. Acest articol include principiile de bază ale contractării asistenţei medicale şi aspectul economic al Instituţiilor Medico Sanitare Publice din această zonă

Tratamentul complex al cancerului mucoasei cavităţii bucale

Morbiditatea prin cancer al mucaosei cavităţii bucale în Republica Moldova constituie cca 2,5 – 2,8%°°°, anual fi ind diagnosticate 85-90 de cazuri primare de îmbolnăvire. Necătând la aceste cifre modeste, ponderea bolnavilor depistaţi în stadii avansate constituie 80-90%, iar mortalitatea atinge indicii de 2,0 – 2,3%°°°. Scopul studiului etse majorarea supravieţuirii bolnavilor cu cancer al mucoasei cavităţii bucale. Pentru realizarea lui se preconizează perfecţionarea metodei chirurgicale de tratament pentru a fi aplicată ca primă etapă în cadrul tratamentului combinat. La fel se planifi că perfecţionarea metodei criochirurgicale şi a chimioterapiei regionale intraarteriale, care de rând cu radioterapia şi chimioterapia sistemică vor constitui lementele de bază a tratamentului complex. O atenţie deosebită se va acorda reabilitării chirurgicale (funcţională şi estetică), prin utilizarea diverselor tipuri de plastie şi protezării bolnavilor cu defecte a rebordului alveolar, palatului dur, planşeului bucal etc