Fruit based synthesis of silver nanoparticles-an effect of temperature on the size of particles

The cost effective and eco-friendly technique for synthesis of silver nanoparticles from the extract of seed of P.granatum. The reduction process was simple and convient to handle and was monitored by UV-vis spectroscopy. So the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from 1mM AgNO3 solution was prepared through the extract of P. granatum seed which act as a capping and reducing agent. The morphology and uniformity of silver nanoparticles were invastigated by TEM and EDX. The functional group of protein molecule was using identified by FTIR. Increase in temperature leads increase  in size of silver nanoparticles

Ethyl 3-oxo-2-[(4-sulfamoylphen­yl)hydra­zono]butyrate

In the title compound, C12H15N3O5S, an intra­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond between the hydrazine unit and one of the carbonyl groups may influence the mol­ecular conformation. In the crystal structure, inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, including one which is bifurcated, link the mol­ecules into a two-dimensional network

RIFAXIMIN INDUCED HYPONATREMIA: A CASE REPORT

ABSTRACTRifaximin is one of the common drugs used in clinical practice in the management of traveler's diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and hepaticencephalopathy. Hyponatremia is one of the rare side effects of this drug. We hereby present the case of a middle-aged woman who was a known caseof IBS: Diarrhea predominant who developed symptoms of hyponatremia after a short duration of rifaximin treatment, no other cause of hyponatremiawas found on evaluation, so we suspect this as a rare side effect of rifaximin therapy.Keywords: Rifaximin, Hyponatremia, Irritable bowel syndrome

Proton pump inhibitor: a risk factor for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in Indian cirrhotics decompensated with ascites

Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is common complication of cirrhosis caused by bacterial translocation. Bacterial colonization and overgrowth may occur in GI tract on suppression of gastric acid secretion. Beta-blockers have been postulated to reduce intestinal permeability. There is no significant Indian study to evaluate association of PPI with SBP in cirrhotic ascites. We aimed to assess the effect of PPI in cirrhotic patients decompensated with ascites.Methods: A retrospective case control study (January 2016 to April 2018), evaluated subjects with cirrhosis and ascites. Two study groups of cirrhotic subjects with and without SBP were formed. In each of the two study groups, 143 subjects, were enrolled by matching for age, year of admission, Child-Pugh-Turcotte (CTP) class after considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. PPI use and various other correlates were compared in both study groups. SPSS ver 24.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results: About 69.23% subjects were using PPI prior to admission in SBP group, which was significant compared to only 31.47% in cirrhotics without SBP (p 0.003). On multivariate analysis PPI use was an independent risk factor for SBP (OR 2.24, 95% CI: 1.01-4.24; p value 0.033) and beta blocker use was protective (OR 0.58; 95% CI: 0.4-0.8; p 0.001).Conclusions: PPI use doubles the risk of development of SBP in cirrhotics decompensated with ascites. In contrast, Beta blockers use significantly lowers the risk of SBP

4-[2-(1-Acetyl-2-oxopropyl­idene)­hydrazino]-N-(pyrimidin-2-yl)benzene­sulfonamide

In the title compound, C15H15N5O4S, the dihedral angle between the pyrimidine and benzene rings is 84.56 (2)°. Intra­molecular hydrazine–carbonyl N—H⋯O and inter­molecular sulfonamide–pyridimine N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds stabilize the mol­ecular and crystal structures, respectively

Association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with metabolic syndrome. NAFLD is considered a disease of no consequence. Data on the effect of NAFLD on renal dysfunction in T2DM is sparse. Author aimed to study the association of NAFLD with CKD in Indian T2DM subjects.Methods: In an observational cross-sectional study at Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India from February 2017 to March 2018. 197 out of 268 randomly selected type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects were selected for the study after considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. CKD was defined as estimated GFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 and/or albumin to creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g. NAFLD was diagnosed using ultrasonography. The association between NAFLD and CKD was analyzed using SPSS (version 24.0).Results: On ultrasonography 133 (67.5%) T2DM subjects had NAFLD. Diabetic with NAFLD (133, 67.51%) had significantly more history of hypertension (p 0.006), higher systolic (p 0.03) and diastolic BP (p 0.009), higher BMI (p <0.001), waist circumference (p <0.001), fasting glucose (p 0.03), triglyceride (p<0.001) and higher urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (p <0.001). Diabetics with CKD (61, 30.96%), were older (p 0.03), hypertensive (p <0.001) and had higher fasting glucose (p 0.003). Subjects with CKD had a higher prevalence of underlying NAFLD (78.69% vs 62.5%, p 0.03) as compared with diabetics with no CKD. T2DM subjects with NAFLD had more than two times (OR 2.88 (1.1-6.78), p 0.03) the risk of developing CKD after multivariate analysis as compared to subjects without NAFLD.Conclusions: NAFLD is a risk factor for development of CKD in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Screening and early preventive measures may go long way in reducing morbidity

Multiple shoots regeneration of (anti-cancer plant) Catharanthus roseus -An important medicinal plant

ABSTRACT An efficient and cost effective micropropagation protocol using MS medium developed for Catharanthus roseus, a commercially important medicinal plant. Shootlets were regenerated from nodal explants of stem through axillary shoot proliferation. The induction of multiple shoots from nodal segments were premier in MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l BAP ± 1mg/l NAA. For rooting, different concentration of IBA were used and maximum rooting was recorded on MS medium with 5 mg/l IBA. The rooted plantlets were hardened initially in culture room conditions and then transferred to misthouse

Subcellular Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Absolute Quantitative Analysis across Organelles

Mass spectrometry imaging is a field that promises to become a mainstream bioanalysis technology by allowing the combination of single-cell imaging and subcellular quantitative analysis. The frontier of single-cell imaging has advanced to the point where it is now possible to compare the chemical contents of individual organelles in terms of raw or normalized ion signal. However, to realize the full potential of this technology, it is necessary to move beyond this concept of relative quantification. Here we present a nanoSIMS imaging method that directly measures the absolute concentration of an organelle-associated, isotopically labeled, pro-drug directly from a mass spectrometry image. This is validated with a recently developed nanoelectrochemistry method for single organelles. We establish a limit of detection based on the number of isotopic labels used and the volume of the organelle of interest, also offering this calculation as a web application. This approach allows subcellular quantification of drugs and metabolites, an overarching and previously unmet goal in cell science and pharmaceutical development

Effect of non-ionic micellar aggregates on the kinetics of oxidation of aminoalcohols by N-bromosuccinimide in alkaline medium

35-42 The kinetics of oxidation of aminoalcohols (AA) viz ethanolamine (EA), diethanolamine (DEA) and triethanolamine (TEA) by N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) in alkaline medium have been investigated in absence and in presence of polyoxyethylene (23) lauryl ether (Brij-35), a non-ionic surfactant. The kinetics showed a first order dependence of rate in NBS while the order in each AA and alkali was found to decrease from unity to zero at higher [AA] and [OH-], respectively. The presence of small amount of surfactant strongly enhanced the rate of oxidation and the observed rate constants attained a constancy at higher surfactant concentration. The premicellar kinetics have been rationalised in the light of Piszkiewicz’s positive cooperativity model. The binding constants between the reactants and the surfactant have also been evaluated using Raghvan and Srinivasan model, which is applicable for a bimolecular micellar catalysed reaction. The binding constants obtained by both the models are in good agreement. </smarttagtype

Anionic micellar catalysis in the redox reaction of aminoalcohols with N-bromosuccinimide in alkaline medium: A kinetic study

1822-1826The kinetics of oxidation of aminoalcohols, viz., ethanolamine, diethanolamine and tri ethanolamine by N-bromosuccinimide has been investigated in presence of anionic surfactant, viz., sodium lauryl sulphate in alkaline medium. A first order dependence of rate with respect to [oxidant] has been observed. The order in both the substrate and alkali is found to decrease from unity to zero at higher [substrate] or [OH-]. The catalytic influence of anionic micelle on rate of the reaction has been studied at different temperatures