Impact of changing life style on age of menarche

Background: Menarche marks the beginning of the reproductive phase in a woman’s life or the onset of puberty Menarche is said to be early when it begins before the age of 8 years in a girl’s life. Early menarche can turn up into many consequences. This can only be controlled by carefully exploring and analyzing the factors causing early menarche. This study aims to assess the impact of changing lifestyle on age of menarche.Methods: It is a prospective cross-sectional study, included 112 subjects in group I (girls had their menarche at the age of <11 years) and 88 subjects in group II (Girls had their menarche at the age between 12-14 years). A self-made questionnaire was used for collecting the data.Results: It is found that  80.32% girls from group I and 47.73% girls from group II consume junk food daily or 2-3 times per week. 66.07% girls from group I and 51.14% girls from group II play indoor games daily or 2-3 times per week. 52.86% girls from group I and 26.14% girls from group II go to hotel once a week and 57.14% girls from group I and 73.86% girls from group II go to hotel occasionally.Conclusions: Girls who are not much interested in playing outdoor games, more frequently go to hotel, eat more junk food and consume more amount of fats in the daily home-made food have a significant lowering in the age of menarche

Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding cervical and breast cancer: a comparative study in a tertiary care centre

Background: Cervical and breast cancer are commonest cancer among Indian females. Timely screening through simple methods can prevent advanced stage of disease, thereby preventing mortality. Updated knowledge about available standard preventive methods have a huge impact in improving the acceptance and thus increasing the percentage of screened, vaccinated and treated population. Objective were to evaluate and compare knowledge, attitude and practices about cervical and breast cancer among paramedics and hospital visitors at tertiary care teaching institute.Methods: 100 participants; 50 each of paramedics and hospital visitors of Swaroop Rani hospital Prayagraj were assessed for knowledge, attitude and practices regarding cervical and breast cancer using predesigned questionnaire.Results: The 100% of paramedics had heard about cervical and breast cancer while among hospital visitors only 66% had heard about cervical cancer and 78% about breast cancer. Regarding in depth knowledge of symptomatology paramedics had higher percentage for both cervical and breast cancer. The knowledge of cervical and breast cancer screening methods was significantly higher among paramedics as compared to hospital visitors. Positive attitude regarding cervical and breast cancer was 60% and 74% among paramedics while 26% and 16% among hospital visitors. Both groups showed poor practice (34%,42% among paramedics while 12% and 6% in hospital visitors).Conclusions: Despite various focused programs on cancer awareness and preventive strategies being run already significant differences were observed in knowledge, attitude and practice of paramedics and hospital visitors. Although the knowledge was good among paramedic’s gap was seen in attitude and practice that warrants the need of focusing on awareness generation through different platforms

History of Dengue Fever Prevalence and Management in a One Health Perspective in Hainan Island, China

Dengue fever (DF), a mosquito-borne viral infection common in warm, tropical climates, is an acute infectious disease caused by the Dengue virus (DENV). Geographically, Hainan Island falls in the southern belt of China holding an approximate area of 33,920 km2. Meteorologically, Hainan is characterized to have a tropical maritime monsoon climate, giving rise to favorable natural conditions for different mosquito species. However, the diversity of mosquitoes and their abundance has undoubtedly put the island at a higher risk of mosquito-borne viral disease outbreaks. In this chapter, we have discussed the prevalence, control, and management of DF in Hainan Island in China along with the different species of mosquitoes responsible for transmitting the virus. In addition, future prospective of some important DF management strategies, related research methods, and integrated control strategies for the effective control and management of DF with One Health perspective has been summarized

Rehabilitation and Integration of Social Work: Issues & Challenges on International Perspectives

The incidences of social problems in human society are geometrically increasing due to the multifaceted factors, we are all aware with high rate of crime, juvenile delinquency, drug abuse, prostitution, unemployment, poverty, disability, mental illness, natural and human disaster, poor social welfare services, programs and institutions as well as human rights violation. It is believed that the above-mentioned challenges would be tackled by professional social workers equipped with modern scientific knowledge and techniques of dealing with them. Therefore, the objective of this study is to identify roles of professional social workers and social work profession towards rehabilitative services in the community and Secondary data have been used to substantiate the facts

Sanidhya.pmd

ABSTRACT Sixteen 2-keto-3-(substituted aryl)-1-thiazolidin-4-ones synthesized by cyclocondensation of ketoazomethine products of five glyoxals with primary amines have been tested for toxicity ; nine products were tested for analgesic activity and eight for anticonvulsant activity. Four non-toxic new products exhibited higher analgesic activity than reference drug morphine whereas only two compounds with high LD 50 values found much better in anticonvulsant action than phenytoin used as reference

The prevalence of canine dirofilariasis in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background Dirofilariasis, the disease caused by Dirofilaria spp., and in particular by Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens in canines, occurs frequently in canids and felids, and occasionally in humans, in temperate, sub-tropical and tropical regions globally. Although highly effective, safe and convenient preventive medicines have been available for the treatment of dirofilariasis for the past three decades, the disease remains a major veterinary and public health concern in endemic areas. The insect vectors, host-parasite relationships and interactions of Dirofilaria spp. have received little attention in China, and there is very little information in English regarding the prevalence of dirofilariasis in animals and humans in the country. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the status of canine dirofilariasis in China based on the available literature in English and in Chinese. Methods We systematically searched five databases for epidemiologic studies on the prevalence of canine dirofilariasis in China and finally selected 42 studies eligible for inclusion in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The meta-analysis was performed using the random effects model in the meta package in R v4.2.1. Results The random effects model gave a pooled and weighted prevalence of Dirofilaria infection among dogs in China in the past 100 years of 13.8% (2896/51,313, 95% confidence interval 8.2–20.4%) with a high level of heterogeneity (I 2  =  99.5%). Conclusions Our analyses indicated that the prevalence of canine dirofilariasis in China has gradually declined, but that the range of Dirofilaria spp. has expanded. Older and outdoor dogs presented a higher rate of positive infection. The findings indicated that more attention should be paid to host factors for the effective control and management of this disease. Graphical Abstrac