Tax composition and growth in Turkey: An empirical analysis

The dominant view in the endogenous growth literature draws on the idea that direct taxation harms economic growth while indirect taxation does not. The object of this paper is to test the effect of direct-indirect tax composition on economic growth for the Turkish Economy for the period of 1968-2006 and to assess whether the choice between direct and indirect taxes is linked to the growth rate of the economy or not. The model in this analysis employs Feder model to investigate the relation between tax composition and growth in Turkey. In line with the predictions of the endogenous growth models, our findings suggest that the real output is positively related to indirect tax revenue but direct taxation has no significant effect. These results imply the positive effect of the transformation in the tax revenue composition on the economic growth during the involved period in Turkish Economy. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2010

Post-classification comparison of land cover using multitemporal Landsat and ASTER imagery: the case of Kahramanmara angstrom, Turkey

WOS: 000263832800031PubMed ID: 18398690This study assessed land cover (LC) changes in Kahramanmara angstrom (K.Mara angstrom) and its environs by using multitemporal Landsat and ASTER imagery, respectively belong to 1989, 2000 and 2004. A priori defined nine land cover classes in the classification scheme were urban and built-up, forest, sparsely vegetated areas, grassland, vegetated stream beds, unvegetated stream beds, bare areas, crop fields, and water bodies. Individual classifications were employed using the combination of both unsupervised and supervised classification methods. Iterative Self Organizing Data Analysis (ISODATA) was used to reduce spectral variation in the scenes arising from complex pattern of crop fields. Maximum Likelihood classifier was used in the LC classification of the individual images. Image pairs of consecutive dates were compared by overlaying the thematic LC maps and cross-tabulating the LC statistics. Urbanization and expansion of agriculture were the major reasons for the dramatic LC conversions. The amount of conversion from crop fields to water occurred as large as 927.67 ha, accounting for 73% of the total land-to-water conversion. Conversions to agriculture have mainly been occurred from grasslands and sparsely vegetated areas as large as 1,314.95 and 1,325.84 ha, respectively. Urban coverage doubled in this period as a result of 1,443.45 ha of increase. Urban area increased in the second period from 2,920 to 3,526 ha. Conversions to agriculture occurred at high amounts. A total of 1,075.79 ha area changed from sparsely vegetated areas to crop fields. A landscape-level environmental monitoring scheme based on satellite remote sensing was proposed for effective environmental resource management.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [TOVAG 104O161]The authors gratefully acknowledge the scientific research grant (TOVAG 104O161) of the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)