Student Representative Council - University of Natal to James Meredith (Undated)

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Impact of HIV / AIDS on poverty, inequality and economic growth

IDRC GGP working paper seriesThis working paper includes a literature review prepared by Marisa Casale and a study of research gaps and priorities by Marisa Casale and Alan Whiteside, prepared to inform an IDRC consultation on HIV/AIDS, Economic Growth and Poverty held in October 2005 in Ottawa. Although there is now more available evidence than ever on the social and economic impact of the AIDS pandemic, many unexplored or under-explored areas still remain. This is highlighted in the 2004 UNAIDS Report on the Global AIDS Pandemic, which points out that more than 40% of countries with a generalized epidemic have yet to evaluate its impact. This paper, first reviews the literature on the socio-economic consequences of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, looking specifically at the interaction of HIV/AIDS with poverty and inequality at a household or micro level, and with economic growth at a macro level, highlighting findings from the most important studies, as well as recent original research. Its second part identifies important gaps in existing research and suggests how future research agendas may be developed. It argues that future work should be focused on areas where research is most lacking and most urgently needed to inform policy, with an emphasis on building on existing work and using multidisciplinary and innovative tools.In particular, the need for broader and deeper micro and sectoral level work, and the interlinkages between micro and macro impacts as well as the specific impacts on government expenditures is highlighted

Why the increase in under five mortality in Uganda from 1995 to 2000? A retrospective analysis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>From 1995-2000 the under five mortality rate in Uganda increased from 147.3 to 151.5 deaths per 1000 live births and reasons for the increase were not clear. This study was undertaken to understand factors influencing the increase in under five mortality rate during 1995-2000 in Uganda with a view of suggesting remedial actions.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We performed a comparative retrospective analysis of data derived from the 1995 and the 2000 Uganda demographic and health surveys. We correlated the change of under five mortality rate in Uganda desegregated by region (central, eastern, north and western) with change in major known determinants of under five mortality such social economic circumstances, maternal factors, access to health services, and level of nutrition.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The increase in under five mortality rate only happened in western Uganda with the other 3 regions of Uganda (eastern, northern and central) showing a decrease. The changes in U5MR could not be explained by changes in poverty, maternal conditions, level of nutrition, or in access to health and other social services and in the prevalence of HIV among women attending for ante-natal care. All these factors did not reach statistical significance (P > 0.05) using Pearson's correlation coefficient.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In order to explain these findings, there is need to find something that happened in western Uganda (but not other parts of the country) during the period 1995-2000 and has the potential to change the under five mortality by a big margin. We hypothesize that the increase in under five mortality could be explained by the severe malaria epidemic that occurred in western Uganda (but not other regions) in 1997/98.</p

Kwazulu-Natal Income Dynamics Study 2004, Wave 3

The Kwazulu-Natal Income Dynamics Study was an integrated household survey similar in design to a World Bank Living Standards Measurement Survey. The main component was a comprehensive household questionnaire that collected a broad array of information on the socio-economic condition of households. For the third wave of the study, conducted in 2004, households previously covered in the 1993 and 1998 studies were re-interviewed