Computer numerical controlled (CNC) machining types and the control systems

In this study, point-to-point control, line control and curved path control which covers the computer numerical controlled (CNC) machine tools control system analysed. The principles of the open and closed loop control systems of the machine tools and the main circuit elements being used in the test have been introduced. (Turkish

Analysis of cutting forces in CNC turning operations: Experimental case study

In this study, the cutting forces in two directions in various cutting conditions have been measured using a BOXFORD 250 CNC Turning machine and sensors. A database is created to be used to part program optimisation

Drive systems in computer controlled machine tools.

In this study, the electromechanical drive systems in NC and CNC machines, mainly AC motors, hydraulic and pneumatic drive elements have been summarised with their working principles. (In Turkish

Theoretical investigation of desing parameters and performance of axial piston pumps

In this study, the positive displacement high pressure axial piston pumps being used in industrial hydraulic power generating and transmission systems have been theoretically analysed. Having examined the important parameters in the design of bent axis and swash plate pumps, characteristic parameters such as delivery, torque and power have been obtained in non-dimensional form and their variations with different geometrical parameters have been examined. (In Turkish

Ultrasonographic measurement of the dimensions of proximal and distal patellar fragments after Niebauer-King Procedure for the management of congenital dislocation of the knee

Objective: The aim of this study was to ultrasonographically measure the dimensions of the proximal and distalpatellar fragments to determine whether postoperative growth differences existbetween the fragments in children with congenital dislocation of the kneetreated by Niebauer Kings quadricepsplasty. Methods: This retrospective study included six congenitaldislocated knees of four children with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC)(3 girls; mean age = 40 months; age range = 9-44 months), presented with severe hyperextension knee contractures,which were treated by Niebauer-King's quadricepsplasty.The transverse, craniocaudal, and anteroposterior dimensions of the patellaewere measured ultrasonographically 20 (range = 6-42) months postoperatively by a singleradiologist. Results: The mean transverse, craniocaudal, and anteroposteriordimensions of proximal and distal halves of the patellae were: 11.46 (7.0-16.9)-10.5 (8.0-14.4); 17.4 (14.0-21.0) -16.68 (14.5-19.3); 6.76 (5.6-7.9) -7.76 (7.0-9.4) mm respectively. There was no significantdifference in craniocaudal and transverse dimensions, but the anteroposteriordimension (thickness) of the distal patellae articulating the knee joint had agreater thickness (P = 0,01). Conclusion: Evidence from this study has shown that a bettergrowth can be expected in the distal fragment of the patella compared with theproximal fragment following treatment with Niebauer-King's quadricepsplasty in children with congenital dislocation ofthe knee