23 research outputs found
'These are issues that should not be raised in black and white': the culture of progress reporting and the doctorate
This paper reports findings from Australian research into student, academic and administrative staff understandings of the role and efficacy of periodic progress reports designed to monitor the progress of higher-degree-by-research candidates. Major findings are that confusion of the purpose and ultimate audience of these reports is linked to less than effective reporting by all parties; countersigning and report dependency requirements inhibit the frank reporting of progress and 'social learning' impacts on the way candidates and sometimes supervisors approach reporting obligations, running counter to institutional imperatives. We conclude that no ready or transparent nexus between the progress report and progress may be assumed. Fundamentally, this calls into question the usefulness of this process as currently implemented. Arising from this is the recommendation that progress reporting be linked to substantive reviews of progress and embedded in the pedagogy and curriculum of higher-degree-by-research programmes
Bridging the Transatlantic Divide: Legal Aspects of a Link Between Regional Carbon Markets in Europe and the United States
The Regulation of Tidal Energy Development Off Nova Scotia: Navigating Foggy Waters
The vast potential for tidal power development in the Bay of Fundy region of the Atlantic coast has been recognized for decades. At the same time, finding an effective way to harness this power in a cost effective, sustainable and environmentally responsible manner has been an ongoing challenge. In the 1980s, barrage based tidal power technology was piloted in Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia. It was found to be unsuitable from both environmental and cost perspectives.
More recently, pilot projects underway around the world are using new, open turbine technology that is expected to significantly reduce cost and environmental impact. This technology operates on principles similar to a wind turbine, except it is anchored on the seabed in tidal waters. These turbines are able to take advantage of flows of water in both directions, and offer power in predictable intervals during most of the tidal cycle. While this technology is still in the early stages of commercialization, there are pilot projects underway around the world. As a result, the question of how to make decisions on whether, where and under what conditions to permit tidal power development in regions such as the Bay of Fundy have arisen again.
The Bay of Fundy finds itself in a region of Canada that has seen the introduction of a number of major new industries over the past few decades. Included in this list are pulp and paper, aquaculture, and, most recently, offshore oil and gas facilities. Decisions on how to regulate these industries were generally reactive and sometimes short-sighted. Since the arrival of these industries, there has been considerable change in the understanding of how governments can make responsible decisions in the best long term interest of their citizens. The pending arrival of tidal power development in Nova Scotia provides an opportunity to implement the lessons learned, to apply appropriate governance models to see through the fog, and to maximize long term benefits to the region.
The following article seeks to make the case for principled governance of resource based industries such as tidal power. The primary aim is to offer an overview of the international, constitutional and legislative context and to briefly illustrate the benefits of a principled, proactive approach. A detailed design of the proposed governance regime, strategic assessment and integrated planning processes are left for follow-up research. The purpose here is to lay the foundation for such further work.
The article therefore considers issues related to the governance of this new development opportunity by first identifying, in Parts One and Two, the international and constitutional context within which any governance regime for the Bay of Fundy would exist. Parts Three and Four then briefly describe key existing legislative and regulatory systems in place in Nova Scotia that would apply to tidal power development projects. Experiences in other jurisdictions are assessed in Part Five, both with respect to tidal power and for other comparable offshore developments, such as wind. Within this overall context, Part 6 of the article then offers some preliminary thoughts on the essential elements of a suitable governance regime
Bridging the Transatlantic Divide: Legal Aspects of a Link Between Regional Carbon Markets in Europe and the United States
๋ฐ์ด์ค ๊ธฐ์ ์ ์ง๊ฒฐ์ ์์ธ์ ๊ดํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ: ์๋๊ถ ๋ฏธ๋์ ๋ต์ ์ค์ฌ์ผ๋ก
ํ์๋
ผ๋ฌธ(์์ฌ) -- ์์ธ๋ํ๊ต๋ํ์ : ๊ณต๊ณผ๋ํ ๊ฑด์คํ๊ฒฝ๊ณตํ๋ถ, 2021.8. ์ ์ฐฝ๋ฌด.๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ๋ฐ์ด์ค ๊ธฐ์
๋ค์ ์
์ง ์์ธ์ ์ข
ํฉ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ถ์ํ๊ณ , ํฅํ ๊ธ์ฆํ ๋ฐ์ด์ค ๊ธฐ์
๋ค์ด ์
์ง๋ฅผ ์ ์ ํ๋ ๋ฐ์ ์์ด ๊ณ ์ฐฐํด์ผ ํ ์ ์ ๋ชฉ์ ์ผ๋ก ํ์๋ค. ๋ฐ์ด์ค ๊ธฐ์
์ ์
์ง์ ๊ด๋ จ๋ ์ ํ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ค์ ์ดํด๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ณ ๊ธ์ธ๋ ฅ์์, ์ฐํ์ฐ ์ฐ๊ณ ๋ฑ์ด ์ค์ํ๋ค๋ ๊ฒ์ ํ์ธํ ์ ์๋ค. ํ์ง๋ง ํต๊ณ์ฒญ์ 2019๋
๋ฐ์ด์ค์ฐ์
์คํ์กฐ์ฌ ๋ณด๊ณ ์๋ฅผ ์ดํด๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ฐ์ด์ค์ฐ์
์ ํ ์ฐ์
๋๋น ์์ฌ๋น์จ์ด ๋์ ๊ฒ์ ํ์ธํ ์ ์๋ค. ์ ํ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ค์ ์ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์ฌ, AHP ๊ฐ์ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ๋ก ์ ํตํด ์ฆ๋ช
ํ์์ผ๋ฉฐ, ์์ฌ์ธ๋ ฅ์ ์ค์์ฑ์ ์ ์ํ์ง ์์๋ค. ์ด์ ๋ณธ ๋
ผ๋ฌธ์ ๋ฐ์ด์ค ๊ธฐ์
์ ์
์ง๋ฅผ ์ ๋์ ์ผ๋ก ์ฐ๊ตฌํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ๊ณต๊ฐ๊ณ๋๋ชจํ์ ํ์ฉํ์ฌ ๋ถ์ํ์์ผ๋ฉฐ, ์์ฌ์ธ๋ ฅ์์์ ๋ถํฌ๋๊ฐ ๋ฐ์ด์ค ๊ธฐ์
์
์ง์ ์ด๋ ํ ์ํฅ์ ๋ฏธ์น๋์ง ์ดํด๋ณด๊ณ ์ ํ์๋ค.
๋ณธ ๋
ผ๋ฌธ์ ๋ค์๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ ์ฌํญ์ ์ฆ๋ช
ํ์ฌ ์ ํ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ์ฐจ๋ณ์ฑ์ด ์กด์ฌํ๋ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๋ฐ์ด์ค์ฐ์
์ ์๊ท๋ชจ ๋คํ์ข
์์ฐ ํํ๋ฅผ ๋๊ณ ์์ด ์ถฉ๋ถํ ์๋ จ๋ ๋
ธ๋์ธ๋ ฅ์ด์ ๊ณผํ ์๊ธ์ด ์๊ตฌ๋์ง ์๋ ์์ฌ์ธ๋ ฅ์์์ ์ ํธํ๋ค. ๋์งธ, ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํตํด ๋ฐ์ด์ค ๊ธฐ์
์ ํด๋น ์๊ตฐ๊ตฌ ์์ฌ์์์ ๋ฐ์ด์ค ๊ธฐ์
์
์ง๋ฐ๋์ ์ ์๋ฏธํ ์ํฅ์ ๋ฏธ์น๋ค. ๋ง์ง๋ง์ผ๋ก ๊ธฐ์
์ ์ํฅ๊ถ ๋ด ๋๊ธฐ์
์ด ์กด์ฌํ๋ฉด ์
์ง๋ฐ๋๊ฐ ์ฆ๊ฐํ๋ค๋ ๊ฒ์ ๊ณ๋์ ์ผ๋ก ์ฆ๋ช
ํ์๋ค๋ ์ ์์ ์์๊ฐ ์กด์ฌํ๋ค.
๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ์ด์ฉ๋ ์๊ตฐ๊ตฌ ๋ณ ํ์ฌ, ์์ฌ, ๋ฐ์ฌ์์์ ๋ฐ์ด์ค๋ฅผ ์ ๊ณตํ ์ธ๋ ฅ์ ๊ตฌํ ์ ์์ด ๋ฐ์ด์ค ๊ด๋ จ ์ ๊ณต์๊ฐ ์๋ ์ ์ฒด ์ ๊ณต์ ๋ฐ์ดํฐ๋ฅผ ์ฌ์ฉํ๋ค๋ ์ ์์ ๋ณธ ๋
ผ๋ฌธ์ ํ๊ณ๊ฐ ์กด์ฌํ๋ค. ๋ฐ์ดํฐ์ ๋ถ์ฌ๋ก ์ธํด ์จ์ ํ ๋ฐ์ด์ค ์ธ๋ ฅ์์ ์ํฅ๋ ฅ์ ์ค๋ช
ํ๊ธฐ์๋ ์ด๋ ค์ฐ๋ ์ ์ฒด ์๊ตฐ๊ตฌ๋ณ ํ์ฌ, ์์ฌ, ๋ฐ์ฌ์์ ๋น์จ์ ์ ๊ตญ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ฐ์ด์ค ๋
ธ๋์ธ๋ ฅ ๋๋น ํ์ฌ, ์์ฌ, ๋ฐ์ฌ ๋น์จ๊ณผ ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ ์์ ๊ฒ์ด๋ผ ๊ฐ์ฃผํ์ฌ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์งํํ์๋ค.
์ ์ธ๊ณ๋ฅผ ๊ณตํฉ์ ๋น ๋จ๋ฆฐ ์ฝ๋ก๋ 19 ์ฌํ๋ฅผ ํด๊ฒฐํ ์ด์ ๋ก ์ฃผ๋ชฉ๋๋ ๋ฐ์ด์ค์ฐ์
์ ์ฐ์
๊ฐ์น ๋ฐ ์ผ์๋ฆฌ ์ฐฝ์ถํจ๊ณผ๊ฐ ํฌ๋ฉฐ, ๊ตญ๊ฐ์ 3๋ ์ค์ ์ฐ์
์ผ๋ก์ ์ ์ ๋์๋ค. ๋ฐ์ด์ค์ฐ์
์ ์ค์์ฑ์ ์ ์ ์ปค์ง๊ณ ์์ผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฏธ๋์ ์ ์ผ๋ณ์ ๋์ํ๊ธฐ ์ํ ๋ฐ์ด์ค์ฐ์
์ ์
์ง๋ถ์์ ํ์์ ์ด๋ค. ๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ๊ตญ๊ฐ์ ๋ฐ์ด์ค์ฐ์
์ก์ฑ ์์ง ๋ฐ ๋ฐ์ด์ค ๊ธฐ์
๋ค์ ์ฆ์ค๊ณํ์ผ๋ก ์ธํด ์์ผ๋ก ๋์ฑ ๋์ด๋ ๊ธฐ์
์๋ฅผ ๋๋นํ์ฌ ๊ตญ๊ฐ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์
๋ค์๊ฒ ์
์ง ์ ์ ์ ๊ณ ๋ คํด์ผ ํ๋ ์์ธ๋ค๊ณผ ์๋๊ถ ๋ฐ์ด์ค ํด๋ฌ์คํฐ ๋ฐ์ ๋ฐฉํฅ์ ์ ์ํ๋ ๋ฐ ์์๊ฐ ์๋ค. ์ฃผ๋ณ ์์ฌ์์๊ณผ ๋๊ธฐ์
๋ฐ ๋ํ ์ ๋ฌด๋ ๋ฐ์ด์ค ์ ์ค ๊ธฐ์
์์ ์ ์ ๊ด๊ณ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ง๋ฉฐ, ์ํํธ ๊ธฐ์ค์๊ฐ, ์๋์์ค์ ๋ถ์ ๊ด๊ณ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ง๋ค. ๋๋ถ๋ถ์ ์ ์ค ๋ฐ์ด์ค ๊ธฐ์
๋ค์ ์ ์ฑ
์ ์ง์์ ๋ฐ์ ์ฐฝ์
ํ์์ผ๋ฉฐ, ์๋์ ์ผ๋ก ์ง๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋ฎ์ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ ๋จ๋ถ์ง์ญ์ ์
์งํ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ํ๋จ๋๋ค. ๊ธฐ์
์ ์ํฅ๊ถ ๋ด ๋๊ธฐ์
์ ์ ๋ฌด๊ฐ ๋ฐ์ด์ค ๊ธฐ์
์
์ง ๋ฐ๋์ ์ํฅ์ ๋ฏธ์น๋ ๊ฒ์ ๋๋ต ์ดํด๋ณผ ์ ์์์ผ๋, ํฅํ ๋ฐ์ด์ค์ฐ์
์ ํน์ฑ์ ๋ณด๋ค ์ ๋ฐํ๊ฒ ๋ถ์ํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ๋๊ธฐ์
์์ค๋ณ์๋ฅผ ๋ฐ์ํ๋ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ ํ์ํ๋ค๊ณ ํ๋จ๋๋ค.This dissertation aims to reveal the locational determinants of biotechnology firms in Seoul Metropolitan area, in order to present urban planning strategies responding to the development of the biotechnology industry. The biotechnology industry has experienced remarkable growth since 1970s and is drawing attention as the key to overcome COVID-19 pandemic. Koran government has strongly expressed its willingness to foster the biotechnology industry in November 2020 and announced biotechnology industry as the โBig Threeโ industries that will propel economic development along with automobiles and semi-conductors.
The biotechnology firms, capable of multi-breed production in small sizes, prefer employing masterโs degree holders who are generally employed at relatively lower wages compared Doctorate personnel. Thus, the availability of masterโs human resources of the cities and counties will have a significant influence on the location decision of biotechnology firms. Furthermore, the biotechnology industry has a high cooperative relationship ratio compared to other industries thus has a large agglomeration effect, Therefore, the location of biotechnology companies will be affected by the existence of large conglomerates within the firmโs sphere of influence than the accessibility of the location.
Spatial panel regression model was used to identify the locational determinants of the biotechnology firms. The result showed that the number of Masterโs degree holders and the existence of large conglomerates within the firmโs sphere of influence have positive influence to the number of biotechnology firms in that corresponding cities and counties.
Although the result of spatial panel regression model analysis has shown that Master's degree holders of cities and counties have a significant influence on the number of biotechnology firms at a significance level of 0.05, a Granger Causality analysis was conducted to investigate causality between two variables in a time series. The result shows that the increase in the number of Master's degree holders affects the number of biotechnology firms after two years, but not the otherwise.
Based on the analysis result, this study suggests the urban properties for new biotechnology firms to consider when entering the market. It also proposes guidelines for future urban planning strategies responding to the development of biotechnology industry.Chapter I. Introduction ๏ผ
1.1. Study Background ๏ผ
1.2. Purpose of Research ๏ผ
Chapter II. Literature Review ๏ผ
2.1. Locational Determinants of Biotechnology firms ๏ผ
2.2. Corporate Sphere of Influence 16
2.3. Spatial Econometrics Model and Spatial Panel Model 17
Chapter III. Research Problem and Hypothesis 20
3.1. Research Problem 20
3.2. Research Hypothesis 22
Chapter IV. Methodology and Data 23
4.1. Research Flow and Methodology 23
4.2. Data and Variables 33
Chapter V. Results 36
5.1. Spatial Panel Model Analysis Results 36
5.2. Granger Causality Test 40
Chapter VI. Conclusion 42์
Rapid manufacturing โ impact on supply chain methodologies and practice
This paper demonstrates the use of Rapid Manufacturing (RM) as the enabling technology for
flexible manufacturing in a number of industrial sectors. The paper discusses the evolution of
Rapid Prototyping (RP) to Rapid Manufacturing and the current issues that require further
research for the successful integration of this technology within manufacturing companies. The
use of RM will have particular impact on supply chain management paradigms such as lean
and agile and has particular strategic fit with mass customisation. The effect RM will have on
these paradigms is discussed and confirmed with example cases from automotive production,
motor sport and medical devices industries. In conclusion RM has already been shown in the
three cases to offer benefits, particularly where fast re-configuration of the manufacturing
process is required and with the production of customised components
The EU Services Directive, German Labour Market Regulation and Institutional Change
How does extending markets across national borders impact national institutions regulating labour markets? This paper addresses this question by analysing resistance in Germany to the European Commissionโs draft Directive on an Internal Market for Services (COM(2004) 2 final/3). It demonstrates how the Commissionโs initial attempt to integrate European service markets threatened to accelerate changes in the institutional structure of post-war German industrial relations. The paper shows how a broad spectrum of social and political interests in Germany united in successful opposition to this threat. It also demonstrates, however, that this resistance only postponed institutional reform in German labour markets and pushed the reform processโtemporarilyโfrom European to German legislative arenas. This study demonstrates that European market liberalisation, rather than driving the German state from labour markets, is pushing it to take a more active role in regulating employment. It also provides observations about processes of institutional change
Intelligent Multiphase Flow Measurement
The oil and gas industryโs goal of developing high performing multiphase flow metering
systems capable of reducing costs in the exploitation of marginal oil and gas reserves, especially
in remote environments, cannot be over emphasised.
Development of a cost-effective multiphase flow meter to determine the individual phase flow
rates of oil, water and gas was experimentally investigated by means of low cost, simple and
non-intrusive commercially available sensors. Features from absolute pressure, differential
pressure (axial), gamma densitometer, conductivity and capacitance meters, in combination
with pattern recognition techniques were used to detect shifts in flow conditions, such as flow
structure, pressure and salinity changes and measured multiphase flow parameters
simultaneously without the need for preconditioning or prior knowledge of either phase.
The experiments were carried out at the National Engineering Laboratory (NEL) Multiphase
facility. Data was sampled at 250 Hz across a wide spectrum of flow conditions. Fluids used
were nitrogen gas, oil (Forties and Beryl crude oil โ D80, 33o API gravity) and water (salinity
levels of 50 and 100 g/l MgSO4). The sensor spool piece was horizontally mounted on a 4-inch
(102mm) pipe, and the database was obtained from two different locations on the flow loop.
The ability to learn from โexperienceโ is a feature of neural networks. The use of neural
networks allows re-calibration of the measuring system on line through a retraining process
when new information becomes available. Some benefits and capabilities of intelligent
multiphase flow systems include:
Reduction in the physical size of installations.
Sensor fusion by merging the operating envelopes of different sensors employed
provided even better results.
Monitoring of flow conditions, not just flow rate but also composition of components.
Using conventional sensors within the system will present the industry with a much
lower cost multiphase meter, and better reliability.
Comment [HS1]: I think this word
should be measured to make the sentence
read correctly