Effect of mefloquine on the mechanical activity of the mouse isolated rectal smooth muscle

The effects of mefloquine on the mechanical activity of the mouse isolated rectal smooth muscle was studied. Mefloquine (4.1x10-5 - 5.2x10-3M) when applied alone and separately exerted variable effects on the rectum. In some preparations, it caused slight phasic contractions while in others no response was elicited. When the external (Ca2+) was increased from 1.8mM to 300mM mefloquine produced phasic contractile activity which was abolished on return to normal 1.8mM suggesting that the contractile activity was due to extracellular Ca2+ influx. Meflaquine (4.1x10-6M – 4.1x10-4M) caused contraction – dependent inhibition of KCL, Carbachol and CaCl2 (in depolarizing Tyrode Solution). Mefloquine (2.1x10-4M) blocked KCL, but not carbachol contractions which were largelyreversed by increasing (Ca2+). The results show that mefloquine possesses anticholinergic and appreciable calcium channel blocking activity

Protective effect of phenylalanine and glycine on chloramphenicol-induced bone marrow toxicity in albino rats infected with Klebsiella Pneumoniae

The effect of phenylalanine and glycine on chloramphenicol (CAP) induced bone marrow toxicity in albino rats infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae was investigated. The aim was investigate whether the treatment of the infected rats with either of these amino acids or their combination could reverse the major bone marrow toxicity of CAP. The study lasted for a period of 21 days in which haematological and histopathological changes were monitored in the infected rats. After 7 days, the rats became anaemic after treatment with CAP, but amino acids combined groups suppressed the anaemia and infection to some extent. At the end of 21 days, amino acids combination showed significant (p<0.05) suppression of anaemia except in CAP/Phenylalanine/glycine (group 4). Bone marrow examination showed the mechanism involved in the suppression of anaemia ( amino acids administration triggered RBC compensatory mechanism seen as erythroid hyperplasia and myeloid hypoplasia ). Histopathology changes ranges from hypocellularity in CAP group and fairly normocellularity in CAP/phenylalanine, CAP/glycine and necrotic/degenerative changes in group 4. Single amino acids combination with CAP have obvious protective effect and suppressed the bone marrow toxicity of CAP compared to the combination of the two amino acids with CAP , but all the combinations were effective in enhancing the efficacy of CAP.© 2016 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Keywords: Chloramphenicol toxicity, haematoxicity, amino-acid

Organ toxicity of monosodium glutamate in adult albino Wistar rats

No Abstract

Comparison of ulcer healing effects of ethanol fractions Musa sapientum and Brassica oleracea var Capitata in albino rats

This study compared the ulcer healing effects of ethanol fractions of Musa sapientum and Brassica oleracea var capitata in albino rats. Traditionally, both medicinal plants were used in the treatment of diseases including peptic ulcer. These plants were randomly purchased from Ilisan market in Ogun State, identified and authenticated. Extraction was done by cold maceration to obtain ethanol extracts of both EEB and EEC. The ethanol extracts were  fractionated by liquid-liquid partitioning method using four different solvents: n-Hexane, chloroform, n-Butanol and water to obtain the various fractions: FB1, FB2, FB3 , FB4 , FC1, FC2 , FC3, and FC4 . Pilot study was carried out on the fractions to determine the fraction with highest anti-ulcer effects which was then used for the comparative ulcer healing study. FB1 and FC2 with the highest anti-ulcer effects were administered over three weeks to ethanol-induced albino rats at the doses of 100mg/kg for the determination of ulcer healing effects. Standard drug, ranitidine was also administered over three weeks at standard dose. Results of ulcer index showed that both plants possessed ulcer healing effects. Comparison with standards drug proved Brassica oleracea to possessed more ulcer healing property than Musa sapientum . Analysis of results showed that both plants were statistically significant at p<0.05and 95% confidence interval when compared with the positive control. Conclusively, results from this study demonstrated that both Brassica oleracea and Musa sapientum had ulcer healing effects but Brassica oleracea however produced more effect as an ulcer healing agent than Musa sapientum and ranitidine.Cet étude a comparé les effets de la guérison d’ulcère de Musa sapientum and Brassica oleracea var capitata sur les rats albinos. Traditionnellement, toutes les deux plantes médicales sont utilisées pour le traitement des maladies y compris ulcère peptique. Ces plantes sont achetées par hasard du marché Ilisan dans l’Etat Ogun, identifiée et authentiquée. L’extraction était faite par une macération froid pour obtenir les extraits éthanol de tous les deux EEB et EEC Les extraits éthanols sont partagés par la méthode B C. partageant liquide-liquide en utilisant les quatre solvants différents: n-Hexane, chloroforme, n-Butanol et l’eau pour obtenir les plusieurs fractions: FB1, FB2, FB3, FB4, FC1, FC2, FC3, and FC4. L’étude pilote était fait. sur les fractions pour déterminer la fraction avec les plus haut effets d’anti-ulcère qui donc était utilisé pour l’étude comparatif de la guérison d’ulcère. FB1 and FC1 avec les plus haut effets d’anti-ulcère étaient administrés plus de trios semaines aux éthanols-provoques rats albinos a la dose de 100mg/kg pour la détermination des effets pour la guérison d’ulcère. Un produit standard, ranitidine était aussi administré plus de trios semaines a la dose standard. Les résultats d’indexe ulcère ont montrés que toutes les deux plantes ont possédées les effets pour la guérison d’ulcère. La comparaison avec le produit standard a prouvé que Brassica oleracea possède plus de propriété pour la guérison d’ulcère que Musa sapientum. L’analyse des résultats a montré que toutes les deux plantes étaient statistiquement signifiantes a p<0.05 et 95% confiance intervalle lorsqu’il est comparée avec le contrôle positif. Pour conclure, les résultats de l’étude ont montrés que toutes les deux Brassica oleracea et Musa sapientum ont les effets pour la guérison d’ulcère mais Brassica oleracea cependant avait produit plus des effets comme un agent pour la guérison d’ulcère que Musa sapientum et ranitidine