Crystal structure of 4-(dimethylamino)-pyridinium 4-aminobenzoate dihydrate

Acknowledgements The authors thank SAIF, IIT, Madras for thedata collection.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Usage of lipid-lowering drugs such as atorvastatin and rosuvastatin in the management of hyperlipidemia in multiple vessel wall block patients

Background: Multi-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD) is a disease stage in which at least two or three of the epicardial coronary arteries is involved with atherosclerosis of significant severity. The multi-vessel disease is often associated with a higher burden of comorbidities, left ventricular dysfunction, and cardiovascular risk. Dyslipidaemia is the commonest cause of the blood vessel diseases and their incidence has been rising all over the world thereby increasing the morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases. Dyslipidaemia is also one of the component of metabolic syndrome along with another group of cardiovascular risk factors such as high blood pressure (BP), abdominal obesity, and insulin intolerance, whose concurrent appearance increases the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. To compare the efficacy of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin in the management of hyperlipidaemia. To compare the dose-related efficacy of statins on lipid goal achievement in patients with hyperlipidaemia.Methods: This prospective, randomized, single-blinded interventional study was conducted for a period of 1 year [2014-1015] in medicine OPD in Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital. A total number of 100 patients with diagnosed multiple vessel blocks were included in this study. Among them, 50 patients were randomized to group A. 50 patients were selected to group B. 50 patients of the group A are treated with Atorvastatin up 10 mg once daily for 8 weeks. 50 patients of group B were treated with Rosuvastatin up to 10mg/day. For 8 weeks the results were analysed accordingly.Results: Even though both rosuvastatin 10mg/day and atorvastatin 10mg/day produced a reduction in total cholesterol (p<0.001) significantly, rosuvastatin produced a reduction in LDL levels (p<0.001) more significantly than atorvastatin 10mg/day.Conclusions: Rosuvastatin produces a greater reduction in serum LDL-C levels and should, therefore, be preferred over atorvastatin. Both the treatment regimens significantly decreased TC, TG, LDL C, VLDL C, but the reduction was more and statistically significant in Rosuvastatin when compared with atorvastatin-treated group at the end of 8 weeks

Diclofenac-induced biochemical changes in nephrotoxicity among male Albino rats

Background: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are associated with adverse renal effects caused by the reduction in synthesis of renal prostaglandins in sensitive persons or animal species, and potentially during long-term use in non-sensitive persons if resistance to side effects decreases with age. The effects of diclofenac sodium on the kidneys were studied during 4 1/2 hours in eight patients with normal renal function. Urinary output decreased within 10 min after the injection, and maximally by 80%. The renal plasma flow and the glomerular filtration rate initially diminished significantly, by 35%, but began to increase after only 2 hours. The dominant and persistent effect was a reduction of free water clearance, with maximum fall from 5.9 to 0.08ml/min after 2 1/2 hours. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of diclofenac-induced acute nephrotoxicity using biochemical parameters in rats.Methods: 12 male Wistar rats allotted in 4 equal groups were intraperitoneally injected with 0, 10, 50 and 100mg/kg diclofenac, respectively and 12 hours after injection, blood serum samples were collected for assessment of basic renal function test parameters such as urea, creatinine, and uric acid, sodium, Potassium.Results: Rats treated up to 50mg/kg diclofenac were considered to be within normal range in rats. By increase in dose more than 50mg/kg showed significant increases in uremia were evidenced in intoxicated animals. Observed specifically in group IV Rats.Conclusions: In this study, uremia, as an indicator of kidney damage, was significantly increased depending on dose. Diclofenac may cause kidney damage depending on dose and this effect may also be observed. NSAIDs-induced nephrotoxicity may be due to the inhibitory effect of these drugs on prostaglandin synthesis, thus causing kidney ischemia

An Ant Colony Optimization For Job Scheduling To Minimize Makespan Time

This paper deals with the makespan minimization for Job Scheduling . Research on optimization techniques of the Job Scheduling Problem (JSP) is one of the most significant and promising areas of an optimization. Instead of the traditional optimization method, this paper presents an investigation into the use of an Ant Colony optimization (ACO) to optimize the JSP. The numerical experiments of ACO were implemented in a small JSP. In the natural environment, the ants have a tremendous ability to team up to find an optimal path to food resources. An ant algorithm stimulates the behavior of ants. The main objective of this paper is to minimize the makespan time of a given set of jobs and achieved optimal results are encroached

Intelligent Inter and Intra Network Traffic Estimation Technique for DDoS Attack Detection using Fuzzy Rule Sets for QoS Improvement

The quality of service of any network has higher dependency at throughput, latency and service completion strategies. In modern communication systems, there are many loopholes, which could be used by some malicious users to perform various network attacks so that the performance of the network is degraded. There are many denial of service when an approach has been discussed towards the problem of network threats, but still suffers the quality of denial of service attack detection. Propose a service-constrained approach learns the network traffic in various ways like the traffic incurred within the network and that comes from external network. The method uses various features like hop count, hop details, payload, TTl, time and so on. To maintain a rule set with fuzzy value where each rule specifies the feature of genuine packet being received. The incoming packet has to meet any of the rules and the attribute of the packet has to lie between the ranges of values in the rule. The proposed method estimates the inter traffic and intra traffic through the routes of the packet being transferred to identify the genuine nature of the packet being received. In addition, the method maintains set of logs where the packet features are stored to compute the legitimate weight of each packet being received. Based on compute inter and intra traffic values the received packets trustworthy is computed to allow or deny the packet. The proposed method increases the accuracy of DDOS attack detection and helps to improve the performance of the network. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15085

Is It Structural or Metabolic? A Diagnostic Dilemma

Osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS), a disease affecting chronic alcoholic and malnourished patients was described by Adams and colleagues in 1959. It is also known as pontine myelinolysis. Pontine myelinolysis can be subdivided into central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) and extrapontine myelinolysis (EPM) depending upon the level of demyelination, within the pons or outside the pons, respectively. Rapid correction of hyponatremia contributes to the pathogenesis of ODS. Whenever a chronic alcoholic and/or malnourished develops confusion, quadriplegia, pseudobulbar palsy and pseudocoma (Locked-in-syndrome) over a period of several days, a high index of suspicion for ODS must be held

Study on outcome of N-acetylcysteine in rodenticide poisoning cases in a rural tertiary care teaching hospital

Background: Rodenticide is one of the pesticides and heterogeneous substances used to kill rats. Rodenticide poisoning is the major health problem in Asian countries, particularly mode of self-poisoning, prevalent in India. It causes hepatotoxicity and no antidote has been found. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a powerful antioxidant and used in the treatment of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity.  The aim of the study is to find the outcome of use of NAC in rodenticide poisoning.  The main objectives of this study were to determine the role of NAC in liver impairment rodenticide poisoning patients.   Methods: A record based observational study was conducted for the period of 3 months from August 2019 to October 2019 at Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu. Data were collected according to the proforma designed and results were analyzed using standard methods.Results: Out of 50 patients, 21 (42%) were males and 29 (58%) were females. Age group between 21-30 years contributes the highest 20 (40%). Majority of type of rodenticide compound consumed by patients were paste 29 (58%) and less than four hours 34 (68%) patients were admitted. Patients with abnormal liver functions were tested, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase/ aspartate aminotransferase -12 patients, 7 treated with NAC. serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase/ alanine aminotransferase - 9 patients, 2 treated with NAC. 37 (74%) were recovered out of 50 (100%), among them 28 (56%) treated with NAC.Conclusions: In liver impairment rodenticide poisoning patients, early use of NAC shows a significant result and the rate of recovery is also high

MULTI POSITIONAL TRACK AND MULTI MANAGEMENT IP TRACEBACK USING ANGLE BASED RECKONING SAMPLING PROCESS (ARSP)

DistributedDenial of Service (DDoS) is a major issue for the availability of internetservices. The vast number of insecure machines available in the Internetprovides a fertile ground for attackers to compromise them and create attackzombies. Attack , mitigation and traceback of perpetrators is extremelydifficult due to a large number of attacking machines, the use ofsource-address spoofing or modifying IP address and the similarity betweenlegitimate and attack traffic.  IPtraceback has been proposed where one attempts to reconstruct the entire attackpath, the attack packets have traversed or focusing only on the source ofattack packets, no matter which path they take for assault. IP Traceback (IPT)based on the geographical information, rather than the traditional IP addressinformation, has come to vogue.                         In this paper Multipositional view and Multi management IP Traceback mechanism for defense againstDistributed Denial of Service attacks”, has been addressed. This paper proposesa Multi dimensional representation with d(n) directions, where d(n) is theneighborhood direction ratio set generating function using the Angle basedReckoning Process (ARP) and also mitigates the  Impossibilityof ensuring adequate space in the packet header during its flight, by the Anglebased Reckoning Sampling Process. To demonstrate the entire process and analyticallysimulate that the proposed mechanism react quickly blocking attack trafficwhile achieving high survival ratio for legitimate traffic

Ethyl 1-benzene­sulfonyl-2-[(E)-2-(2-methyl­phen­yl)ethen­yl]indole-3-carboxyl­ate

In the title compound, C26H23NO4S, the phenyl, tolyl and ester groups make dihedral angles of 82.28 (5), 77.67 (6) and 8.52 (6)°, respectively, with the indole ring system. The S atom of the sulfonyl group is displaced by 0.1968 (4) Å from the indole mean plane. The mol­ecular structure is stabilized by weak intra­molecular C—H⋯O inter­actions. The crystal structure structure features short intramolecular C—H⋯O contacts and π–π stacking inter­actions between the phenyl and tolyl groups [centroid–centroid distance = 3.9448 (11) Å]

Detection of Spammer Based On the User Recommendation Report in Web Mining

ABSTRACT: Online video sharing systems, out of that YouTube is that the most well-liked, offer options that permit users to post a video as a response to a discussion topic. These options open opportunities for users to introduce impure content, or just pollution, into the system. Therefore we discover for example, spammers could post associate unrelated video as response to a well-liked one, aiming at increasing the chance of the response being viewed by a bigger range of users. We have a tendency to propose the users Video Recommendation (UVR) system in cloud computing atmosphere. Video attributes capture specific properties of the videos uploaded by the supplier We employing a novel rule to as ALAC (active lazy associative classifier).Content pollution could jeopardize the trust of users on the system we offer a characterization of content, individual, and social attributes that facilitate distinguish every user category. Classification approach succeeds at separating spammers and promoters video search systems is fooled by malicious attacks that depends on a good selective sampling strategy to traumatize the foremost favorite Videos. This work provides a high flexibility, high reliability, low-level transparency, security features. Proposed tag cloud recommendation approaches